initialize

LVX6048/Install.md

@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+# LVX6048 → HA Monitoring Install
+
+Target: Debian-family Linux (developed on Raspberry Pi CM5), two LVX6048s over USB, HA MQTT broker on the LAN.
+
+> **Shortcut:** the top-level [`install.sh`](./install.sh) automates every section below. This document explains what it does and why, and how to do each step by hand if you need to diverge.
+
+Path conventions in the snippets below use `$BASE` to mean the root of this package (e.g. `~/solar/LVX6048`). Every canonical file lives under `$BASE/` mirroring its system destination path — e.g. `$BASE/etc/udev/rules.d/99-lvx6048.rules` deploys to `/etc/udev/rules.d/99-lvx6048.rules`.
+
+## 1. Install powermon
+
+```bash
+uv tool install --with bleak powermon
+powermon --listProtocols   # confirm PI18 present
+```
+
+`mpp-solar` is yanked from PyPI; `powermon` replaces it for both adhoc and daemon use.
+
+## 2. udev rule + serial-keyed symlinks
+
+The LVX6048 reports no USB serial string in the USB descriptor, so vid:pid matching applies to both units equally. Rather than pin devices by USB hub port (which breaks the moment you move a cable), we use the PI18 `ID` query — which *does* return each inverter's real serial number — and build stable `/dev/lvx6048-{1,2}` symlinks from that.
+
+### 2a. udev rule — dialout access
+
+The rule grants `dialout` access to any LVX6048 hidraw; the logical "which unit is this?" decision happens in `lvx-resolve-links` (next step).
+
+Canonical: [`etc/udev/rules.d/99-lvx6048.rules`](./etc/udev/rules.d/99-lvx6048.rules). Deploy:
+
+```bash
+sudo install -m 644 "$BASE/etc/udev/rules.d/99-lvx6048.rules" /etc/udev/rules.d/99-lvx6048.rules
+sudo udevadm control --reload-rules && sudo udevadm trigger --subsystem-match=hidraw
+ls -l /dev/hidraw*       # both should be group=dialout, mode 0660
+```
+
+### 2b. `lvx-resolve-links` — serial → symlink resolver
+
+[`bin/lvx-resolve-links`](./bin/lvx-resolve-links) runs once at boot, globs `/dev/hidraw*`, sends PI18 `ID` to each, and creates:
+
+```
+/dev/lvx6048-1 → /dev/hidrawX   (where X matches SERIAL_UNIT_1)
+/dev/lvx6048-2 → /dev/hidrawX   (where X matches SERIAL_UNIT_2)
+```
+
+A single resolver pass, exclusive, before any powermon service starts — sidesteps the collision you get if each service probes independently (each probe open-read-close would race the sibling service already holding the hidraw fd).
+
+Deploy the script + systemd oneshot:
+
+```bash
+sudo install -m 755 "$BASE/bin/lvx-resolve-links" /usr/local/sbin/lvx-resolve-links
+# rewrite the shebang in the installed copy to point at powermon's venv python
+sudo sed -i "1c#!$HOME/.local/share/uv/tools/powermon/bin/python" /usr/local/sbin/lvx-resolve-links
+sudo install -m 644 "$BASE/etc/systemd/system/lvx-resolve-links.service" /etc/systemd/system/
+sudo systemctl daemon-reload
+sudo systemctl enable --now lvx-resolve-links.service
+ls -l /dev/lvx6048-*     # both symlinks should now exist
+```
+
+### 2c. Capturing a unit's serial
+
+If you ever swap an inverter, capture the new serial and update `SERIAL_UNIT_*` in both `/usr/local/sbin/lvx-resolve-links` and [`lvx-flash/flash.py`](./lvx-flash/flash.py):
+
+```bash
+sudo systemctl stop powermon.service powermon2.service lvx-resolve-links.service
+TMP=$(mktemp --suffix=.yaml)
+printf 'loop: once\ndevice:\n  name: probe\n  port: {type: usb, path: /dev/hidraw0, protocol: PI18}\ncommands:\n  - {command: ID, trigger: {loops: 1}}\n' > "$TMP"
+~/.local/bin/powermon -C "$TMP" 2>&1 | grep serial_number
+rm -f "$TMP"
+sudo systemctl start lvx-resolve-links.service powermon.service powermon2.service
+```
+
+The two current serials are hard-coded as `SERIAL_UNIT_1` / `SERIAL_UNIT_2` in both files.
+
+## 3. Smoke test
+
+```bash
+powermon -C "$BASE/smoketest/console.yaml"      # continuous console output (unit #1)
+# or one-shot against either unit:
+powermon --adhoc GS -C ~/.config/powermon/powermon.yaml
+powermon --adhoc GS -C ~/.config/powermon/powermon2.yaml
+```
+
+## 4. powermon configs
+
+Powermon only supports **one `device:` per config file**, so each inverter needs its own config + its own systemd unit.
+
+Canonical (mode 600): [`config/powermon/powermon.yaml`](./config/powermon/powermon.yaml), [`config/powermon/powermon2.yaml`](./config/powermon/powermon2.yaml). The snapshots contain `<MQTT_BROKER_IP>` / `<MQTT_USER>` / `<MQTT_PASSWORD>` placeholders — fill them in after copying into place. Deploy:
+
+```bash
+mkdir -p ~/.config/powermon
+install -m 600 "$BASE/config/powermon/powermon.yaml"  ~/.config/powermon/powermon.yaml
+install -m 600 "$BASE/config/powermon/powermon2.yaml" ~/.config/powermon/powermon2.yaml
+# edit the two files: replace <MQTT_BROKER_IP>, <MQTT_USER>, <MQTT_PASSWORD> placeholders
+```
+
+Key points (same for both, differ only in device name / path / topic prefix):
+
+- `loop: 1` at top level — without it, powermon defaults to `"once"` and exits after one pass
+- `device.port.path: /dev/lvx6048-1` (or `-2`) — resolved via the resolver symlinks from §2b, not via powermon's own wildcard-+-serial probing (which collides when two services run simultaneously)
+- `device.port.protocol: PI18` — PI30 returns CRC errors on this unit
+- MQTT `username`/`password` are HA Mosquitto add-on creds (broker rejects anonymous by default)
+- One `hass`-formatted MQTT output per command; ~28 entities auto-discovered per inverter, published at `homeassistant/sensor/lvx6048_{1,2}_<field>/state`
+- `entity_id_prefix` / topic = `lvx6048_1` for unit #1, `lvx6048_2` for unit #2
+
+Poll cadence: `GS`/5s, `MOD`/10s, `ET`/60s, `PIRI`/300s.
+
+## 5. Local patches (pinned to powermon 1.0.18, survive until `uv tool upgrade`)
+
+The six patches are shipped as full file drop-ins under [`powermon-patches/`](./powermon-patches/) (see [its README](./powermon-patches/README.md) for per-file detail). To apply manually:
+
+```bash
+POWERMON_SITE="$(ls -d ~/.local/share/uv/tools/powermon/lib/python*/site-packages/powermon)"
+install -m 644 "$BASE/powermon-patches/pi18.py"              "$POWERMON_SITE/protocols/pi18.py"
+install -m 644 "$BASE/powermon-patches/usbport.py"           "$POWERMON_SITE/ports/usbport.py"
+install -m 644 "$BASE/powermon-patches/mqttbroker.py"        "$POWERMON_SITE/libs/mqttbroker.py"
+install -m 644 "$BASE/powermon-patches/port_config_model.py" "$POWERMON_SITE/configmodel/port_config_model.py"
+install -m 644 "$BASE/powermon-patches/ports_init.py"        "$POWERMON_SITE/ports/__init__.py"
+```
+
+What each patch fixes:
+
+**a.** `protocols/pi18.py` ~line 323: `"DC/AC power direction"` → `"DC-AC power direction"`. The slash creates a bogus extra MQTT topic level.
+
+**b.** `ports/usbport.py` `send_and_receive()`: (1) drain any leftover bytes from the hidraw fd before sending (non-blocking read loop swallowing `BlockingIOError`); (2) wrap the main `os.read` in the retry loop with `try: … except BlockingIOError: continue`. Without (1), a prior command's late HID bytes get parsed as the next command's reply → `KeyError` in response decoding. Without (2), an empty buffer on first read aborts the command.
+
+**c.** `libs/mqttbroker.py`: broaden `connect()`'s `except ConnectionRefusedError` to `except (ConnectionRefusedError, OSError)`, and narrow `publish()`'s bare `except Exception` to `except (OSError, RuntimeError, ValueError)` with a clearer log message. Without this, any network blip to the broker (e.g. HA restart, `Errno 113 No route to host`) crashes the daemon.
+
+**d.** `protocols/pi18.py`: append two new query commands to `QUERY_COMMANDS` — `FWS` (Fault and Warning Status, fault code + ~32 warning bits, cross-referenced with PI30 `QPGS` fault codes including `71 "Parallel version different"` and the rest of the `8x` parallel-comm family) and `PGS` (Parallel General Status, regex `PGS(\d+)$`, LVX6048-specific 30-field layout with only the high-confidence fields named and the rest exposed as raw strings). Bump `check_definitions_count(expected=24)` to `26`. These are used by `lvx-flash sync-check`.
+
+**e.** `configmodel/port_config_model.py`: add `serial_number: None | str | int = Field(default=None)` to `UsbPortConfig`. The model is `NoExtraBaseModel` (extra-forbidden), so powermon rejects the `serial_number:` config key without this even though `USBPort.resolve_path` already consumes it.
+
+**f.** `ports/__init__.py` `from_config()`: change `port_config['serial_number'] = serial_number` to be a fallback (`if port_config.get('serial_number') is None:`). The device-level `serial_number` is the logical HA identifier (`lvx6048_1`), the port-level one is the hardware PI18 serial (22-digit) — different fields, different purposes; they must not be conflated.
+
+Patches (e) and (f) enable powermon's native wildcard-path + serial-matching flow, which we *don't* currently use — two services probing independently at startup race each other over the same hidraw. Our current setup uses the external `lvx-resolve-links` resolver (§2b) instead, so (e) and (f) are dormant but kept applied in case we ever want to use powermon's native resolver for a single-service deployment.
+
+## 6. systemd services
+
+One powermon unit per inverter, both gated on `lvx-resolve-links.service`. Canonical:
+[`etc/systemd/system/powermon.service`](./etc/systemd/system/powermon.service),
+[`powermon2.service`](./etc/systemd/system/powermon2.service),
+[`lvx-resolve-links.service`](./etc/systemd/system/lvx-resolve-links.service),
+[`powermon.service.d/10-resolver.conf`](./etc/systemd/system/powermon.service.d/10-resolver.conf) (and its sibling under `powermon2.service.d/`).
+
+Deploy:
+
+```bash
+sudo install -m 644 "$BASE/etc/systemd/system/powermon.service"  /etc/systemd/system/
+sudo install -m 644 "$BASE/etc/systemd/system/powermon2.service" /etc/systemd/system/
+sudo mkdir -p /etc/systemd/system/powermon.service.d /etc/systemd/system/powermon2.service.d
+sudo install -m 644 "$BASE/etc/systemd/system/powermon.service.d/10-resolver.conf" \
+                    /etc/systemd/system/powermon.service.d/10-resolver.conf
+sudo install -m 644 "$BASE/etc/systemd/system/powermon2.service.d/10-resolver.conf" \
+                    /etc/systemd/system/powermon2.service.d/10-resolver.conf
+sudo systemctl daemon-reload
+sudo systemctl enable --now powermon.service powermon2.service
+journalctl -u powermon.service -u powermon2.service -f
+```
+
+The drop-in adds `After=lvx-resolve-links.service` + `Requires=lvx-resolve-links.service` so both powermon services wait for the symlinks before starting.
+
+## 7. Verify
+
+```bash
+# live sample of what both units are publishing (12 s = ~2 full GS cycles per unit)
+timeout 15 mosquitto_sub -h 10.0.0.41 -u mqtt -P <pass> \
+    -t 'homeassistant/sensor/+/state' -W 12 -v | grep lvx6048_
+```
+
+Should show ~58 messages (~29 per unit per GS cycle) over that window, with both `lvx6048_1_*` and `lvx6048_2_*` entities. In HA: **Settings → Devices & Services → MQTT** → two devices `LVX6048` (and `LVX6048 #2`), each with ~29 auto-discovered sensors.
+
+## 8. Moving cables
+
+Because identification is PI18-serial-based, cable / USB hub moves don't require config changes. After any cable shuffle:
+
+```bash
+sudo systemctl restart lvx-resolve-links.service powermon.service powermon2.service
+```
+
+The resolver re-probes, symlinks update, powermon services latch onto the correct device by symlink. No hardcoded hub-port references anywhere in the stack.

LVX6048/Monitoring.md

@@ -0,0 +1,308 @@
+# LVX6048 Monitoring & Control via Home Assistant
+
+Integration plan for monitoring (and eventually controlling) 2x LVX6048 inverters from Home Assistant via a Raspberry Pi running a Python poller that publishes to MQTT.
+
+Continue dev from the Raspberry Pi.
+
+## Architecture
+
+```
+  [LVX6048 #1] ──USB─┐
+                     ├──► [Raspberry Pi] ──MQTT──► [Home Assistant]
+  [LVX6048 #2] ──USB─┘    (mpp-solar/powermon     (auto-discovers
+                           Python daemon,          ~40 entities
+                           systemd service)        per inverter)
+```
+
+### Why USB (not RS485)
+
+The LVX6048 is an MPP Solar / Voltronic-family unit. Its **documented, supported** comm path is USB-HID speaking the **PI18** protocol (some firmware revisions also accept PI30). The RS485 port exists on the hardware but is undocumented for external monitoring on this model — it's primarily intended for parallel/BMS comms. Use USB.
+
+### Why mpp-solar
+
+[`jblance/mpp-solar`](https://github.com/jblance/mpp-solar) is the canonical Python package for this inverter family. It ships:
+
+- PI18 / PI18LVX / PI30 / PI30MAX protocol drivers (all known query + set commands)
+- A `powermon` daemon for continuous polling
+- Built-in MQTT publisher with **Home Assistant auto-discovery** topic format — no HA YAML needed, entities appear automatically
+
+## Hardware Checklist
+
+- [ ] Raspberry Pi (Pi 4 or Pi 5 recommended; Pi 3B+ works) running Raspberry Pi OS 64-bit
+- [ ] microSD card (32GB+) or USB SSD
+- [ ] 2x USB-A to USB-B cables (one per inverter; ~3ft typical — **keep short**, USB-HID is not spec'd for long runs)
+- [ ] Pi physically located near the inverter cabinet
+- [ ] Ethernet (preferred) or WiFi to reach the HA MQTT broker
+- [ ] Existing MQTT broker running on HA (confirmed operational)
+
+## Step 1 — Base Pi Setup
+
+```bash
+sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y
+sudo apt install -y python3-pip python3-venv pipx git
+pipx ensurepath
+```
+
+Reboot (or `exec $SHELL`) so `pipx` PATH takes effect.
+
+## Step 2 — Install mpp-solar
+
+```bash
+pipx install mpp-solar
+# verify
+mpp-solar --version
+mpp-solar --listProtocols
+```
+
+Expect `PI18`, `PI18LVX`, `PI18SV`, `PI30`, `PI30MAX` in the protocol list.
+
+## Step 3 — Plug in Inverters & Identify Them
+
+Connect inverter #1 first, alone, and run:
+
+```bash
+ls -l /dev/hidraw*
+lsusb
+dmesg | tail -20
+```
+
+Note the `/dev/hidraw*` device that appeared and the USB VID:PID (typical MPP Solar is `0665:5161` — confirm on your unit).
+
+Grab the serial number for a stable udev rule:
+
+```bash
+udevadm info -a -n /dev/hidraw0 | grep -i serial | head -3
+```
+
+Write down **SERIAL_A**. Unplug #1, plug in #2, repeat to get **SERIAL_B**.
+
+## Step 4 — Smoke Test
+
+With inverter #1 still plugged in, query it directly:
+
+```bash
+mpp-solar -p /dev/hidraw0 -P PI18 -c GS
+```
+
+`GS` is the PI18 "General Status" query. Expected output: battery voltage, SoC, PV watts, load watts, grid voltage, inverter mode, etc. If `PI18` returns gibberish or CRC errors, try `PI30`:
+
+```bash
+mpp-solar -p /dev/hidraw0 -P PI30 -c QPIGS
+```
+
+Whichever protocol returns clean data → that's the one to use in the config below. **Record which protocol worked.**
+
+Also grab rated info once:
+
+```bash
+mpp-solar -p /dev/hidraw0 -P PI18 -c PIRI    # PI18 rated info
+# or
+mpp-solar -p /dev/hidraw0 -P PI30 -c QPIRI   # PI30 rated info
+```
+
+## Step 5 — Stable Device Names (udev)
+
+Without this, `/dev/hidraw0` and `/dev/hidraw1` can swap on reboot, and the wrong inverter's data ends up under the wrong entity in HA.
+
+> **As built on this CM5:** the LVX6048 returns no USB serial string, so serial-based matching below is aspirational. We ended up matching by USB hub port instead — see [`99-lvx6048.rules`](./99-lvx6048.rules) and `Install.md` §2.
+
+Create `/etc/udev/rules.d/99-lvx6048.rules`:
+
+```
+SUBSYSTEM=="hidraw", ATTRS{idVendor}=="0665", ATTRS{idProduct}=="5161", ATTRS{serial}=="SERIAL_A", SYMLINK+="lvx6048-1", MODE="0660", GROUP="dialout"
+SUBSYSTEM=="hidraw", ATTRS{idVendor}=="0665", ATTRS{idProduct}=="5161", ATTRS{serial}=="SERIAL_B", SYMLINK+="lvx6048-2", MODE="0660", GROUP="dialout"
+```
+
+Replace `SERIAL_A` / `SERIAL_B` and the VID:PID with the real values from Step 3. Then:
+
+```bash
+sudo usermod -aG dialout $USER
+sudo udevadm control --reload-rules
+sudo udevadm trigger
+ls -l /dev/lvx6048-*
+```
+
+Both symlinks should be present. Log out / back in so the `dialout` group applies.
+
+## Step 6 — powermon Config
+
+> **As built:** the `ports:` (plural) schema shown below does **not** work with current powermon — its config model allows exactly one `device:` per file. We ship one config file per inverter ([`powermon.yaml`](./powermon.yaml), [`powermon2.yaml`](./powermon2.yaml)) and run two systemd units. See `Install.md` §4–6.
+
+Create `~/.config/powermon/powermon.yaml` (adjust MQTT creds and protocol name to match Step 4):
+
+```yaml
+device:
+  name: lvx6048_pair
+  id: solar_lvx6048
+
+mqttbroker:
+  name: <HA_MQTT_BROKER_IP>
+  port: 1883
+  username: <MQTT_USER>
+  password: <MQTT_PASSWORD>
+  adhoc_topic: powermon/adhoc
+  adhoc_result_topic: powermon/adhoc/results
+
+api:
+  enabled: false
+
+daemon:
+  type: systemd
+  keepalive: 60
+
+ports:
+  - name: lvx1
+    type: usb
+    path: /dev/lvx6048-1
+    protocol: PI18      # confirmed in Step 4
+    commands:
+      - command: GS
+        trigger: { every: 5 }
+        outputs: { name: mqtt_ha, type: hass, tag: lvx6048_1 }
+      - command: PIRI
+        trigger: { every: 300 }
+        outputs: { name: mqtt_ha, type: hass, tag: lvx6048_1 }
+      - command: MOD
+        trigger: { every: 10 }
+        outputs: { name: mqtt_ha, type: hass, tag: lvx6048_1 }
+      - command: FWS
+        trigger: { every: 30 }
+        outputs: { name: mqtt_ha, type: hass, tag: lvx6048_1 }
+
+  - name: lvx2
+    type: usb
+    path: /dev/lvx6048-2
+    protocol: PI18
+    commands:
+      - command: GS
+        trigger: { every: 5 }
+        outputs: { name: mqtt_ha, type: hass, tag: lvx6048_2 }
+      - command: PIRI
+        trigger: { every: 300 }
+        outputs: { name: mqtt_ha, type: hass, tag: lvx6048_2 }
+      - command: MOD
+        trigger: { every: 10 }
+        outputs: { name: mqtt_ha, type: hass, tag: lvx6048_2 }
+      - command: FWS
+        trigger: { every: 30 }
+        outputs: { name: mqtt_ha, type: hass, tag: lvx6048_2 }
+```
+
+**Command reference (PI18):**
+- `GS` — General Status (voltages, currents, power, SoC, temps) → poll fast
+- `PIRI` — Protocol / Rated Info (nameplate values) → poll slow
+- `MOD` — Operating Mode (Grid / Battery / Fault / Standby) → poll medium
+- `FWS` — Fault / Warning Status → poll medium
+- `ET` — Total Energy (lifetime kWh) → optional, add with `every: 60`
+- `ED` — Daily Energy → optional
+
+Run it in the foreground once to confirm MQTT is flowing:
+
+```bash
+powermon -C ~/.config/powermon/powermon.yaml
+```
+
+In Home Assistant, go to **Settings → Devices & Services → MQTT** — two new devices (`lvx6048_1`, `lvx6048_2`) should appear with all their sensors auto-discovered.
+
+## Step 7 — systemd Service
+
+Create `/etc/systemd/system/powermon.service`:
+
+```ini
+[Unit]
+Description=powermon LVX6048 → MQTT bridge
+After=network-online.target
+Wants=network-online.target
+
+[Service]
+Type=simple
+User=pi
+Group=dialout
+ExecStart=/home/pi/.local/bin/powermon -C /home/pi/.config/powermon/powermon.yaml
+Restart=on-failure
+RestartSec=10
+
+# Tolerate USB dropouts / HA broker restarts
+StartLimitIntervalSec=300
+StartLimitBurst=10
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=multi-user.target
+```
+
+Adjust `User=` / paths if not running as `pi`. Enable:
+
+```bash
+sudo systemctl daemon-reload
+sudo systemctl enable --now powermon.service
+systemctl status powermon.service
+journalctl -u powermon.service -f
+```
+
+## Step 8 — Home Assistant Dashboard
+
+Entities auto-appear. Minimum useful Lovelace card:
+
+```yaml
+type: entities
+title: Solar System
+entities:
+  - sensor.lvx6048_1_battery_capacity       # %
+  - sensor.lvx6048_1_battery_voltage        # V
+  - sensor.lvx6048_1_pv_input_power         # W
+  - sensor.lvx6048_1_ac_output_active_power # W
+  - sensor.lvx6048_1_grid_voltage           # V
+  - sensor.lvx6048_1_inverter_heat_sink_temperature
+  - sensor.lvx6048_1_working_mode
+  - sensor.lvx6048_2_battery_capacity
+  - sensor.lvx6048_2_pv_input_power
+  - sensor.lvx6048_2_ac_output_active_power
+  - sensor.lvx6048_2_working_mode
+```
+
+Entity IDs will reflect the `tag:` values from the config. Exact names depend on protocol driver — check the MQTT integration page.
+
+Recommended extras:
+- **Energy dashboard** — map `ET` (total lifetime energy) as a solar production source
+- **Automation**: alert when `working_mode` changes to `Fault` on either unit
+- **Utility meter** helpers on `ac_output_active_power` for daily/weekly kWh
+
+## Control (Deferred)
+
+Once monitoring is stable, control commands are available via the same library. PI18 set commands include:
+
+- `POP` — Output source priority (SUB / SBU / etc.)
+- `PCP` — Charger priority (Solar first / Solar+Utility / only Solar)
+- `MCHGC` — Max total charging current
+- `MUCHGC` — Max utility charging current
+- `PF` — Restore defaults (careful)
+
+Exposed in HA as `button`/`select` entities via powermon's MQTT command topic. Plan this as a separate phase after at least a week of stable monitoring data.
+
+## Troubleshooting
+
+| Symptom | Likely cause | Fix |
+|---|---|---|
+| `Permission denied` on `/dev/hidraw*` | User not in `dialout` | `sudo usermod -aG dialout $USER`, re-login |
+| CRC errors / garbled output | Wrong protocol selected | Try `PI30` instead of `PI18` (or vice versa) |
+| Device disappears after reboot | udev serial mismatch | Re-check `udevadm info -a`, verify serial string |
+| Symlinks swap between units | Two units report same serial | Fall back to `KERNELS=="1-1.2"` USB-port matching |
+| HA entities don't appear | MQTT discovery disabled or wrong prefix | Verify `discovery: true` in HA MQTT integration; default prefix is `homeassistant/` |
+| Entities appear but never update | powermon service not actually running | `journalctl -u powermon.service -n 100` |
+| One inverter works, other doesn't | Parallel-mode RS232 quirk | Query the *master* unit; the slave may not respond to USB queries while linked |
+
+### Parallel-mode caveat
+
+The 2x LVX6048s are wired in parallel (per `README.md`). In parallel mode, some MPP Solar firmware only responds to USB/PI commands on the **master** unit — the slave echoes the master's data or returns errors. If Step 4 smoke tests show one unit timing out, check the LCD to see which is master. If only the master responds, a single poller gives you combined system data; per-unit telemetry may require the parallel/sync RJ45 cable's side-channel (undocumented) or firmware that doesn't gate slave comms.
+
+**Recommendation:** do Step 4 on each inverter individually (unplug parallel comm cable, query via USB, replug) to confirm both respond. Then test again with parallel cable connected.
+
+## References
+
+- [jblance/mpp-solar](https://github.com/jblance/mpp-solar) — Python library
+- [powermon](https://github.com/jblance/powermon) — daemon mode (split out of mpp-solar)
+- [Set commands on LVX6048 — discussion #344](https://github.com/jblance/mpp-solar/discussions/344)
+- [LVX6048WP user manual](https://watts247.com/manuals/mpp/PIP-LVX6048WP/LVX6048WP-manual.pdf)
+- [MPP Solar LVX6048 product page](https://www.mppsolar.com/v3/lvx6048/)
+- [HA community — LVX6048 integration thread](https://community.home-assistant.io/t/lvx6048-inverter/851522)
+- [Connecting to LVX6048WP via USB with Raspberry Pi](https://diysolarforum.com/threads/connecting-to-lvx6048wp-via-usb-with-raspberry-pi.46774/)

LVX6048/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+# LVX6048 → Home Assistant
+
+Reproducible install package for monitoring 2× MPP Solar LVX6048 inverters over
+USB-HID (PI18) via [`powermon`](https://github.com/jblance/powermon), publishing
+to a Home Assistant MQTT broker with HA auto-discovery.
+
+## What's in the box
+
+```
+LVX6048/
+├── README.md                     ← start here
+├── Install.md                    ← detailed walkthrough (what install.sh does)
+├── Monitoring.md                 ← background / design notes
+├── install.sh                    ← one-shot installer (idempotent, safe to re-run)
+│
+├── etc/                          mirror of target system paths
+│   ├── udev/rules.d/99-lvx6048.rules
+│   └── systemd/system/
+│       ├── lvx-resolve-links.service
+│       ├── powermon.service
+│       ├── powermon2.service
+│       ├── powermon.service.d/10-resolver.conf
+│       └── powermon2.service.d/10-resolver.conf
+│
+├── config/powermon/              lands at ~/.config/powermon/ (mode 600)
+│   ├── powermon.yaml             ← unit #1 — edit MQTT creds before deploying
+│   └── powermon2.yaml            ← unit #2 — edit MQTT creds before deploying
+│
+├── bin/
+│   └── lvx-resolve-links         ← installed as /usr/local/sbin/lvx-resolve-links
+│                                   (install.sh rewrites the shebang to the uv-installed python)
+│
+├── powermon-patches/             ← drop-in files for the uv tool install
+│   ├── README.md                 ← what each patch does + upgrade path
+│   ├── pi18.py, usbport.py, mqttbroker.py,
+│   └── port_config_model.py, ports_init.py
+│
+├── lvx-flash/                    ← settings-profile CLI
+│   ├── flash.py                  ← dump / diff / apply / compare / sync-check
+│   ├── README.md
+│   └── profiles/current.yaml
+│
+└── smoketest/                    ← adhoc test configs (one-off powermon -C usage)
+    ├── console.yaml
+    └── smoketest.yaml
+```
+
+## Quick start (reproducing on a fresh machine)
+
+```bash
+# 1. Clone / scp this folder into place (e.g. /home/<user>/solar/LVX6048)
+cd ~/solar/LVX6048
+
+# 2. Install uv if not already: https://docs.astral.sh/uv/
+# 3. Run the installer
+./install.sh
+
+# 4. Edit the two things install.sh warns about:
+#    a. ~/.config/powermon/powermon{,2}.yaml — MQTT broker IP / user / password
+#    b. /usr/local/sbin/lvx-resolve-links    — SERIAL_UNIT_1 / SERIAL_UNIT_2 (see below)
+#       lvx-flash/flash.py                   — same two constants
+
+# 5. Capture each inverter's PI18 serial (with services stopped):
+sudo systemctl stop lvx-resolve-links.service powermon.service powermon2.service
+for d in /dev/hidraw0 /dev/hidraw1; do
+    TMP=$(mktemp --suffix=.yaml)
+    printf 'loop: once\ndevice:\n  name: probe\n  port: {type: usb, path: %s, protocol: PI18}\ncommands:\n  - {command: ID, trigger: {loops: 1}}\n' "$d" > "$TMP"
+    echo "=== $d ==="
+    ~/.local/bin/powermon -C "$TMP" 2>&1 | grep serial_number
+    rm -f "$TMP"; sleep 2
+done
+# Edit SERIAL_UNIT_{1,2} in /usr/local/sbin/lvx-resolve-links and lvx-flash/flash.py,
+# then:
+sudo systemctl start lvx-resolve-links.service powermon.service powermon2.service
+```
+
+## How the pieces fit together
+
+```
+┌─────────────────────────┐     ┌─────────────────────────┐
+│ LVX6048 #1 (USB-HID)    │ ──▶ │ /dev/hidraw{0|1}        │
+│ LVX6048 #2 (USB-HID)    │ ──▶ │ (vid:pid 0665:5161)     │
+└─────────────────────────┘     └──────────┬──────────────┘
+                                           │
+                                           │  (99-lvx6048.rules → group=dialout)
+                                           │
+                                           ▼
+                          ┌──────────────────────────────────┐
+                          │ lvx-resolve-links.service        │
+                          │ (oneshot, runs before powermon)  │
+                          │                                  │
+                          │  probes each hidraw w/ PI18 ID   │
+                          │  creates /dev/lvx6048-{1,2}      │
+                          │  symlinks keyed to serial        │
+                          └──────────┬───────────────────────┘
+                                     │
+                                     │ After= / Requires=
+                                     ▼
+                          ┌──────────────────────────────────┐
+                          │ powermon.service  (unit #1)      │
+                          │ powermon2.service (unit #2)      │
+                          │                                  │
+                          │  poll GS / MOD / PIRI / ET       │
+                          │  publish to HA auto-discovery    │
+                          │  topics under homeassistant/*    │
+                          └──────────┬───────────────────────┘
+                                     │  MQTT (port 1883)
+                                     ▼
+                          ┌──────────────────────────────────┐
+                          │ Home Assistant Mosquitto broker  │
+                          │ ~29 auto-discovered sensors/unit │
+                          └──────────────────────────────────┘
+```
+
+Separate from the monitoring pipeline, **`lvx-flash/`** is a manual settings
+tool: dump the inverter's current config into a YAML profile, diff against a
+target profile, apply changes safely (stops powermon, writes via PI18 setters,
+verifies via PIRI readback). Also supports `compare` (diff live settings
+between two inverters) and `sync-check` (verify parallel-stack health).
+
+## Cable moves
+
+Identification is PI18-serial-based, so moving USB cables between hub ports
+never requires config edits. After any cable shuffle:
+
+```bash
+sudo systemctl restart lvx-resolve-links.service powermon.service powermon2.service
+```
+
+## Replacing an inverter
+
+When a unit is swapped, capture its new PI18 serial (see step 5 of Quick start)
+and update the two `SERIAL_UNIT_*` constants in:
+
+- `/usr/local/sbin/lvx-resolve-links`
+- `~/solar/LVX6048/lvx-flash/flash.py`
+
+then restart the three services.
+
+## Next steps / not done
+
+- **Firmware parity:** on this dev stack, unit #1 is at main=06303/slave=06126
+  and unit #2 is at 06440/06021. Parallel operation requires matching firmware
+  (fault code 71 "Parallel version different") — the sync kit's cables are
+  wired correctly, but the inverters won't phase-lock until both CPUs match.
+  Firmware upload is not part of this package (MPP Solar Windows-only tool).
+- **PGS field layout:** the LVX6048-specific 30-field PGS response layout is
+  only partially decoded in `powermon-patches/pi18.py`. The key fields
+  (parallel_valid, fault_code, grid_hz, ac_output_voltage) are named; the rest
+  are exposed as raw strings.
+- **Control / set commands via HA:** PI18 setters (POP, PCP, MCHGC, MUCHGC, PF)
+  are implemented in `lvx-flash/flash.py` for offline use, but aren't exposed
+  as HA button/select entities. Deferred until monitoring has been stable for
+  at least a week and firmware parity is restored.

LVX6048/bin/lvx-resolve-links

@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""lvx-resolve-links — create /dev/lvx6048-N symlinks keyed to PI18 serial.
+
+Globs /dev/hidraw*, sends PI18 `ID` to each, and creates
+    /dev/lvx6048-1 -> /dev/hidrawX   where X's serial matches SERIAL_UNIT_1
+    /dev/lvx6048-2 -> /dev/hidrawX   where X's serial matches SERIAL_UNIT_2
+
+Must run as root. Intended as a systemd oneshot before powermon*.service.
+
+Runs a single discovery pass with exclusive access — unlike powermon's native
+resolve_path which each service performs independently at startup, causing
+collisions when a sibling service is already holding the target hidraw.
+
+Edit SERIAL_UNIT_1 / SERIAL_UNIT_2 when a unit is replaced.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import asyncio
+import glob
+import os
+import sys
+
+SERIAL_UNIT_1 = "1496142109100037000000"
+SERIAL_UNIT_2 = "1496142408100255000000"
+
+LINK_FOR_SERIAL = {
+    SERIAL_UNIT_1: "/dev/lvx6048-1",
+    SERIAL_UNIT_2: "/dev/lvx6048-2",
+}
+
+sys.path.insert(0, "/home/noise/.local/share/uv/tools/powermon/lib/python3.11/site-packages")
+from powermon.protocols import get_protocol_definition  # noqa: E402
+from powermon.ports.usbport import USBPort  # noqa: E402
+
+
+async def probe_serial(path: str) -> str | None:
+    proto = get_protocol_definition(protocol="PI18")
+    port = USBPort(path=path, protocol=proto)
+    port.path = path
+    try:
+        await port.connect()
+        if not port.is_connected():
+            return None
+        cmd = proto.get_id_command()
+        res = await port.send_and_receive(command=cmd)
+        await port.disconnect()
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"  probe {path}: {e.__class__.__name__}: {e}", file=sys.stderr)
+        return None
+    if res is None or not getattr(res, "is_valid", False) or not res.readings:
+        return None
+    return str(res.readings[0].data_value)
+
+
+def _relink(link: str, target: str) -> None:
+    target_basename = os.path.basename(target)
+    try:
+        if os.path.islink(link) or os.path.exists(link):
+            os.unlink(link)
+    except FileNotFoundError:
+        pass
+    os.symlink(target_basename, link)
+
+
+async def main() -> int:
+    candidates = sorted(glob.glob("/dev/hidraw*"))
+    if not candidates:
+        print("no /dev/hidraw* devices present", file=sys.stderr)
+        return 1
+
+    sn_to_path: dict[str, str] = {}
+    for p in candidates:
+        sn = await probe_serial(p)
+        if sn:
+            print(f"{p}: serial {sn}")
+            sn_to_path[sn] = p
+        else:
+            print(f"{p}: no PI18 response (probably not an LVX6048)")
+
+    missing = []
+    for sn, link in LINK_FOR_SERIAL.items():
+        if sn in sn_to_path:
+            _relink(link, sn_to_path[sn])
+            print(f"symlink {link} -> {os.path.basename(sn_to_path[sn])}")
+        else:
+            missing.append((link, sn))
+            try:
+                if os.path.islink(link):
+                    os.unlink(link)
+            except FileNotFoundError:
+                pass
+            print(f"WARNING: {link} serial {sn} not found on any /dev/hidraw*")
+
+    return 0 if not missing else 2
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    sys.exit(asyncio.run(main()))

LVX6048/config/powermon/powermon.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+loop: 1
+
+device:
+  name: LVX6048 #1
+  serial_number: lvx6048_1
+  manufacturer: MPP Solar
+  model: LVX6048
+  port:
+    type: usb
+    path: /dev/lvx6048-1
+    protocol: PI18
+
+mqttbroker:
+  name: <MQTT_BROKER_IP>      # e.g. 10.0.0.41 (HA Mosquitto broker)
+  port: 1883
+  username: <MQTT_USER>
+  password: <MQTT_PASSWORD>
+
+commands:
+  - command: GS
+    trigger:
+      every: 5
+    outputs:
+      - type: mqtt
+        topic: powermon/lvx6048_1/GS
+        format:
+          type: hass
+          discovery_prefix: homeassistant
+          entity_id_prefix: lvx6048_1
+
+  - command: MOD
+    trigger:
+      every: 10
+    outputs:
+      - type: mqtt
+        topic: powermon/lvx6048_1/MOD
+        format:
+          type: hass
+          discovery_prefix: homeassistant
+          entity_id_prefix: lvx6048_1
+
+  - command: PIRI
+    trigger:
+      every: 300
+    outputs:
+      - type: mqtt
+        topic: powermon/lvx6048_1/PIRI
+        format:
+          type: hass
+          discovery_prefix: homeassistant
+          entity_id_prefix: lvx6048_1
+
+  - command: ET
+    trigger:
+      every: 60
+    outputs:
+      - type: mqtt
+        topic: powermon/lvx6048_1/ET
+        format:
+          type: hass
+          discovery_prefix: homeassistant
+          entity_id_prefix: lvx6048_1

LVX6048/config/powermon/powermon2.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+loop: 1
+
+device:
+  name: LVX6048 #2
+  serial_number: lvx6048_2
+  manufacturer: MPP Solar
+  model: LVX6048
+  port:
+    type: usb
+    path: /dev/lvx6048-2
+    protocol: PI18
+
+mqttbroker:
+  name: <MQTT_BROKER_IP>      # e.g. 10.0.0.41 (HA Mosquitto broker)
+  port: 1883
+  username: <MQTT_USER>
+  password: <MQTT_PASSWORD>
+
+commands:
+  - command: GS
+    trigger:
+      every: 5
+    outputs:
+      - type: mqtt
+        topic: powermon/lvx6048_2/GS
+        format:
+          type: hass
+          discovery_prefix: homeassistant
+          entity_id_prefix: lvx6048_2
+
+  - command: MOD
+    trigger:
+      every: 10
+    outputs:
+      - type: mqtt
+        topic: powermon/lvx6048_2/MOD
+        format:
+          type: hass
+          discovery_prefix: homeassistant
+          entity_id_prefix: lvx6048_2
+
+  - command: PIRI
+    trigger:
+      every: 300
+    outputs:
+      - type: mqtt
+        topic: powermon/lvx6048_2/PIRI
+        format:
+          type: hass
+          discovery_prefix: homeassistant
+          entity_id_prefix: lvx6048_2
+
+  - command: ET
+    trigger:
+      every: 60
+    outputs:
+      - type: mqtt
+        topic: powermon/lvx6048_2/ET
+        format:
+          type: hass
+          discovery_prefix: homeassistant
+          entity_id_prefix: lvx6048_2

LVX6048/etc/systemd/system/lvx-resolve-links.service

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+[Unit]
+Description=Resolve LVX6048 hidraw symlinks by PI18 serial
+After=systemd-udev-settle.service
+Wants=systemd-udev-settle.service
+# powermon services Requires= this unit, so they won't start until it succeeds.
+
+[Service]
+Type=oneshot
+RemainAfterExit=yes
+ExecStart=/usr/local/sbin/lvx-resolve-links
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=multi-user.target

LVX6048/etc/systemd/system/powermon.service

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+[Unit]
+Description=powermon LVX6048 -> MQTT bridge
+After=network-online.target
+Wants=network-online.target
+
+[Service]
+Type=simple
+User=noise
+Group=dialout
+ExecStart=/home/noise/.local/bin/powermon -C /home/noise/.config/powermon/powermon.yaml
+Restart=always
+RestartSec=10
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=multi-user.target

LVX6048/etc/systemd/system/powermon.service.d/10-resolver.conf

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+[Unit]
+After=lvx-resolve-links.service
+Requires=lvx-resolve-links.service

LVX6048/etc/systemd/system/powermon2.service

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+[Unit]
+Description=powermon LVX6048 #2 -> MQTT bridge
+After=network-online.target
+Wants=network-online.target
+
+[Service]
+Type=simple
+User=noise
+Group=dialout
+ExecStart=/home/noise/.local/bin/powermon -C /home/noise/.config/powermon/powermon2.yaml
+Restart=always
+RestartSec=10
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=multi-user.target

LVX6048/etc/systemd/system/powermon2.service.d/10-resolver.conf

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+[Unit]
+After=lvx-resolve-links.service
+Requires=lvx-resolve-links.service

LVX6048/etc/udev/rules.d/99-lvx6048.rules

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# LVX6048 (MPP Solar / Voltronic) USB-HID — dialout access only.
+# Logical unit identification is done via PI18 `ID` query at powermon startup
+# (see powermon.yaml: path: /dev/hidraw*, serial_number: <SN>).
+# No SYMLINK here — powermon resolves the right /dev/hidrawN by inverter serial,
+# which survives cable moves / hub port changes.
+SUBSYSTEM=="hidraw", ATTRS{idVendor}=="0665", ATTRS{idProduct}=="5161", MODE="0660", GROUP="dialout"

LVX6048/install.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# LVX6048 → Home Assistant monitoring — reproducible installer.
+#
+# Installs powermon + our patches, drops in udev rule / systemd units / resolver
+# script / powermon configs, and starts the services. Idempotent: safe to re-run.
+#
+# Assumptions:
+#   - Debian-family Linux (Raspberry Pi OS, Ubuntu) with systemd
+#   - `uv` is installed and on $PATH (https://docs.astral.sh/uv/)
+#   - User has sudo
+#   - MQTT broker reachable (edit config/powermon/*.yaml first if the broker IP /
+#     credentials aren't yet in place)
+#
+# After install, finish by editing:
+#   ~/.config/powermon/powermon{,2}.yaml   — MQTT broker + credentials
+#   /usr/local/sbin/lvx-resolve-links      — SERIAL_UNIT_1 / SERIAL_UNIT_2
+#   lvx-flash/flash.py                     — SERIAL_UNIT_1 / SERIAL_UNIT_2
+# then:
+#   sudo systemctl restart lvx-resolve-links powermon.service powermon2.service
+
+set -euo pipefail
+
+PINNED_POWERMON="1.0.18"   # version we developed/tested patches against
+BASE="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)"
+
+msg() { printf '\n\033[1;36m== %s ==\033[0m\n' "$*"; }
+
+# --- 1. powermon -----------------------------------------------------------
+msg "Installing powermon ${PINNED_POWERMON} via uv"
+command -v uv >/dev/null || { echo "uv not found — install from https://docs.astral.sh/uv/"; exit 1; }
+uv tool install --with bleak "powermon==${PINNED_POWERMON}"
+
+POWERMON_VENV="${HOME}/.local/share/uv/tools/powermon"
+POWERMON_SITE="$(ls -d "${POWERMON_VENV}"/lib/python*/site-packages/powermon)"
+POWERMON_PY="${POWERMON_VENV}/bin/python"
+[ -d "$POWERMON_SITE" ] || { echo "could not locate powermon site-packages under ${POWERMON_VENV}"; exit 1; }
+
+# --- 2. powermon patches ---------------------------------------------------
+msg "Applying powermon patches into ${POWERMON_SITE}"
+install -m 644 "${BASE}/powermon-patches/pi18.py"                "${POWERMON_SITE}/protocols/pi18.py"
+install -m 644 "${BASE}/powermon-patches/port_config_model.py"   "${POWERMON_SITE}/configmodel/port_config_model.py"
+install -m 644 "${BASE}/powermon-patches/ports_init.py"          "${POWERMON_SITE}/ports/__init__.py"
+install -m 644 "${BASE}/powermon-patches/usbport.py"             "${POWERMON_SITE}/ports/usbport.py"
+install -m 644 "${BASE}/powermon-patches/mqttbroker.py"          "${POWERMON_SITE}/libs/mqttbroker.py"
+
+# --- 3. udev (LVX6048 hidraw → dialout perms) ------------------------------
+msg "Installing udev rule"
+sudo install -m 644 "${BASE}/etc/udev/rules.d/99-lvx6048.rules" /etc/udev/rules.d/99-lvx6048.rules
+sudo udevadm control --reload-rules
+sudo udevadm trigger --subsystem-match=hidraw
+
+# --- 4. resolver script (serial → /dev/lvx6048-N symlinks) -----------------
+msg "Installing /usr/local/sbin/lvx-resolve-links (shebang → ${POWERMON_PY})"
+TMP_RESOLVER="$(mktemp)"
+trap 'rm -f "$TMP_RESOLVER"' EXIT
+awk -v py="${POWERMON_PY}" 'NR==1 { print "#!" py; next } { print }' \
+    "${BASE}/bin/lvx-resolve-links" > "$TMP_RESOLVER"
+sudo install -m 755 "$TMP_RESOLVER" /usr/local/sbin/lvx-resolve-links
+
+# --- 5. systemd units + drop-ins -------------------------------------------
+msg "Installing systemd units"
+sudo install -m 644 "${BASE}/etc/systemd/system/lvx-resolve-links.service" /etc/systemd/system/
+sudo install -m 644 "${BASE}/etc/systemd/system/powermon.service"          /etc/systemd/system/
+sudo install -m 644 "${BASE}/etc/systemd/system/powermon2.service"         /etc/systemd/system/
+sudo mkdir -p /etc/systemd/system/powermon.service.d /etc/systemd/system/powermon2.service.d
+sudo install -m 644 "${BASE}/etc/systemd/system/powermon.service.d/10-resolver.conf"  \
+                    /etc/systemd/system/powermon.service.d/10-resolver.conf
+sudo install -m 644 "${BASE}/etc/systemd/system/powermon2.service.d/10-resolver.conf" \
+                    /etc/systemd/system/powermon2.service.d/10-resolver.conf
+sudo systemctl daemon-reload
+
+# --- 6. user configs (only if not already deployed; don't clobber creds) ---
+msg "Installing powermon configs (skipping existing files — edit creds manually if new)"
+mkdir -p "${HOME}/.config/powermon"
+for f in powermon.yaml powermon2.yaml; do
+    dest="${HOME}/.config/powermon/${f}"
+    if [ -e "$dest" ]; then
+        echo "  $dest already exists — not overwriting"
+    else
+        install -m 600 "${BASE}/config/powermon/${f}" "$dest"
+        echo "  wrote $dest (mode 600) — edit MQTT credentials before enabling services"
+    fi
+done
+
+# --- 7. enable services ----------------------------------------------------
+msg "Enabling services"
+sudo systemctl enable --now lvx-resolve-links.service
+# Only auto-start powermon services if credentials look real (no placeholder present)
+if grep -q '<MQTT_PASSWORD>' "${HOME}/.config/powermon/powermon.yaml" 2>/dev/null; then
+    cat <<EOF
+
+Credentials in ~/.config/powermon/powermon.yaml still contain a placeholder.
+Edit that file + powermon2.yaml, then:
+
+    sudo systemctl enable --now powermon.service powermon2.service
+    journalctl -u powermon.service -u powermon2.service -f
+
+EOF
+else
+    sudo systemctl enable --now powermon.service powermon2.service
+    sleep 3
+    systemctl --no-pager status powermon.service powermon2.service | head -30
+fi
+
+msg "Done"
+echo "Next steps (if any of these don't match your hardware, edit and restart):"
+echo "  - /usr/local/sbin/lvx-resolve-links : SERIAL_UNIT_1 / SERIAL_UNIT_2"
+echo "  - ${BASE}/lvx-flash/flash.py        : SERIAL_UNIT_1 / SERIAL_UNIT_2"
+echo "  - to re-probe after a cable move    : sudo systemctl restart lvx-resolve-links.service powermon.service powermon2.service"

LVX6048/lvx-flash/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+# lvx-flash
+
+Apply declarative YAML settings profiles to an LVX6048 inverter via PI18.
+
+Reuses the patched `powermon` install at `~/.local/share/uv/tools/powermon/` — the shebang in `flash.py` points there, so no extra setup is needed.
+
+## Commands
+
+```bash
+# 1. Snapshot the inverter's current settings into an editable profile.
+./flash.py dump  --out profiles/current.yaml
+
+# 2. Copy/edit. Preview the diff against the live device at any time.
+./flash.py diff  --profile profiles/winter.yaml
+
+# 3. Apply. The tool stops powermon.service for the duration, writes each
+#    changed setting via the corresponding PI18 set command, verifies via
+#    PIRI readback, and restarts powermon.service at the end.
+./flash.py apply --profile profiles/winter.yaml --confirm
+
+# 4. Compare two inverters live (for parallel setups). Exits 0 if identical,
+#    1 if divergent. Useful as a quick "are the two in sync?" check.
+./flash.py compare --device-a /dev/lvx6048-1 --device-b /dev/lvx6048-2
+
+# 5. Runtime sync-check for paralleled units. Reads GS+FWS+MOD+VFW from each
+#    and reports firmware mismatch, parallel-valid flag, active fault codes,
+#    mode mismatch, AC voltage/frequency divergence. Exits 0 on pass, 1 on fail.
+./flash.py sync-check --device-a /dev/lvx6048-1 --device-b /dev/lvx6048-2
+```
+
+Device selection on every subcommand:
+
+- `--serial SN` (default — uses `SERIAL_UNIT_1` for single-device commands, `SERIAL_UNIT_{1,2}` for pairs) — globs `/dev/hidraw*` and picks the one whose PI18 `ID` matches. Resilient to cable moves.
+- `--device PATH` — explicit hidraw path, skips auto-resolution. Useful for probing an unknown unit.
+
+The known-stack serials are hard-coded as `SERIAL_UNIT_1` / `SERIAL_UNIT_2` constants at the top of `flash.py`; edit them if a unit is replaced.
+
+`sync-check` depends on the `FWS` / `PGS` additions to `powermon/protocols/pi18.py`; the `--serial` flow depends on the `UsbPortConfig.serial_number` field addition. Both are described in `Install.md` §5(d)(e).
+
+## Profile schema
+
+All keys are optional. Only present keys are applied; the rest are left alone.
+
+| key                              | range / enum                                                     | PI18 setter |
+|----------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|
+| `battery_type`                   | `AGM` \| `FLOODED` \| `USER`                                     | PBT         |
+| `cutoff_voltage`                 | 40.0 – 48.0 V                                                    | PSDV        |
+| `stop_discharge_voltage`         | 44.0 – 51.0 V                                                    | BUCD (pair) |
+| `stop_charge_voltage`            | 0 (full) or 48.0 – 58.0 V                                        | BUCD (pair) |
+| `bulk_voltage`                   | 48.0 – 58.4 V                                                    | MCHGV (pair)|
+| `float_voltage`                  | 48.0 – 58.4 V (≤ bulk_voltage)                                   | MCHGV (pair)|
+| `max_charging_current`           | 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80 A                                 | MCHGC       |
+| `max_utility_charging_current`   | 2, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80 A                              | MUCHGC      |
+| `output_source_priority`         | `solar_utility_battery` \| `solar_battery_utility`               | POP         |
+| `charger_priority`               | `solar_first` \| `solar_and_utility` \| `solar_only`             | PCP         |
+| `solar_power_priority`           | `battery_load_utility_ac` \| `load_battery_utility`              | PSP         |
+| `grid_tie`                       | `enabled` \| `disabled`                                          | PEI / PDI   |
+
+Pair settings (BUCD, MCHGV) must have both halves present.
+
+## Safety
+
+- `apply` refuses to run without `--confirm`.
+- Range + consistency validation runs before any write. A failure aborts before touching the inverter.
+- Each write is followed by a PIRI readback that must match to within 0.05 V. A mismatch aborts.
+- Settings are applied in an order that's safe for a battery: cutoff → BUCD → MCHGV → currents → priorities → grid-tie mode.
+- `powermon.service` is stopped for the write window so the two processes don't fight over `/dev/lvx6048-1`, then restarted even if the run aborts.
+
+## Caveats
+
+- Parallel setups: PCP / MCHGC / MUCHGC are indexed by parallel unit (the tool sends unit 0 — master). Some firmware only accepts sets on the master; the slave mirrors silently.
+- `PIRI` reports `max_charging_current` as the effective combined (solar + AC) cap, which can exceed MCHGC's 80 A range. `dump` omits it with a comment when that happens.
+- Changing `battery_type` while the unit is actively charging is generally allowed by the firmware but not recommended.

LVX6048/lvx-flash/flash.py

@@ -0,0 +1,724 @@
+#!/home/noise/.local/share/uv/tools/powermon/bin/python
+"""
+lvx-flash — apply a YAML settings profile to an LVX6048 via PI18 over USB-HID.
+
+Usage:
+    ./flash.py dump       --device /dev/lvx6048-1 --out profiles/current.yaml
+    ./flash.py diff       --device /dev/lvx6048-1 --profile profiles/X.yaml
+    ./flash.py apply      --device /dev/lvx6048-1 --profile profiles/X.yaml --confirm
+    ./flash.py compare    --device-a /dev/lvx6048-1 --device-b /dev/lvx6048-2
+    ./flash.py sync-check --device-a /dev/lvx6048-1 --device-b /dev/lvx6048-2
+
+Safety:
+  - `apply` stops powermon.service for the duration and restarts it afterwards.
+  - Every set is followed by a PIRI readback that must match, or the run aborts.
+  - Values are range-checked before any write.
+  - Settings are applied in a safe order (cutoff < stop-discharge < float < bulk).
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import argparse
+import asyncio
+import subprocess
+import sys
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Any, Callable
+
+import yaml
+
+from powermon.commands.command import Command
+from powermon.commands.result import ResultType
+from powermon.protocols import get_protocol_definition
+from powermon.ports.usbport import USBPort
+
+
+PROTOCOL = "PI18"
+UNIT_INDEX = 0  # parallel-stack unit index for PCP / MCHGC / MUCHGC. Master = 0.
+
+# Default serial numbers for this stack. Used when --device / --serial are
+# omitted; each command will glob /dev/hidraw* and probe PI18 ID on each to
+# find the matching unit, so cable/hub-port moves do not require reconfig.
+SERIAL_UNIT_1 = "1496142109100037000000"
+SERIAL_UNIT_2 = "1496142408100255000000"
+
+# -------- profile-key → PI18 encoding + PIRI readback index --------
+
+# PIRI test response has 26 fields; indices below are 0-based.
+# Source: powermon/protocols/pi18.py :: QUERY_COMMANDS["PIRI"].reading_definitions
+PIRI = {
+    "battery_voltage":          7,   # V  (rated, read-only)
+    "stop_discharge_voltage":   8,   # V  (BUCD field 1, a.k.a. "re-charge")
+    "stop_charge_voltage":      9,   # V  (BUCD field 2, a.k.a. "re-discharge"; 0 = Full)
+    "cutoff_voltage":          10,   # V  (PSDV)
+    "bulk_voltage":            11,   # V  (MCHGV field 1)
+    "float_voltage":           12,   # V  (MCHGV field 2)
+    "battery_type":            13,   # enum index (PBT)
+    "max_utility_charging_current": 14,  # A (MUCHGC)
+    "max_charging_current":    15,   # A (MCHGC)
+    "output_source_priority":  17,   # enum index (POP)
+    "charger_priority":        18,   # enum index (PCP)
+    "machine_type":            20,   # enum index (PEI/PDI: 0=Off Grid, 1=Grid Tie)
+    "solar_power_priority":    23,   # enum index (PSP)
+}
+
+# Per-key guidance emitted as inline comments by `dump`.
+# Keep short — one line each, phrased as constraints.
+KEY_DOCS: dict[str, str] = {
+    "battery_type":                 "enum: AGM | FLOODED | USER",
+    "cutoff_voltage":               "V 40.0..48.0 — hard shutdown; must be < stop_discharge_voltage. Only honored when battery_type=USER.",
+    "stop_discharge_voltage":       "V 44.0..51.0 — switch battery→grid below this (pair: stop_charge_voltage). Only honored when battery_type=USER.",
+    "stop_charge_voltage":          "V 0 (=Full) or 48.0..58.0 — switch grid→battery above this (pair: stop_discharge_voltage). Only honored when battery_type=USER.",
+    "bulk_voltage":                 "V 48.0..58.4 — CC→CV transition (pair: float_voltage; must be >= float_voltage). Only honored when battery_type=USER.",
+    "float_voltage":                "V 48.0..58.4 — held while on grid (pair: bulk_voltage; must be <= bulk_voltage). Only honored when battery_type=USER.",
+    "max_charging_current":         "A 10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80 — combined solar+AC cap",
+    "max_utility_charging_current": "A 2,10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80 — grid-side cap only",
+    "output_source_priority":       "enum: solar_utility_battery | solar_battery_utility",
+    "charger_priority":             "enum: solar_first | solar_and_utility | solar_only",
+    "solar_power_priority":         "enum: battery_load_utility_ac | load_battery_utility",
+    "grid_tie":                     "enum: enabled | disabled (PEI/PDI)",
+}
+
+POP_MAP = {"solar_utility_battery": "0", "solar_battery_utility": "01"}
+PCP_MAP = {"solar_first": "0", "solar_and_utility": "1", "solar_only": "2"}
+PSP_MAP = {"battery_load_utility_ac": "0", "load_battery_utility": "1"}
+PBT_MAP = {"AGM": "0", "FLOODED": "1", "USER": "2"}
+
+# enum indices in PIRI (for readback verification)
+POP_PIRI = {"0": "solar_utility_battery", "1": "solar_battery_utility"}
+PCP_PIRI = {"0": "solar_first", "1": "solar_and_utility", "2": "solar_only"}
+PSP_PIRI = {"0": "battery_load_utility_ac", "1": "load_battery_utility"}
+PBT_PIRI = {"0": "AGM", "1": "FLOODED", "2": "USER"}
+MACHINE_PIRI = {"0": "off_grid", "1": "grid_tie"}
+
+
+@dataclass
+class Setting:
+    key: str
+    encoder: Callable[[Any], str]  # profile value -> PI18 raw command (no prefix/CRC)
+    decoder: Callable[[str], Any]  # PIRI raw field -> profile value
+    piri_field: int
+    pair_keys: tuple[str, ...] = ()  # if set, these keys are encoded together in one command
+
+
+def _v_to_tenths(v: float | int) -> str:
+    return f"{int(round(float(v) * 10)):03d}"
+
+
+def _tenths_to_v(raw: str) -> float:
+    return int(raw) / 10.0
+
+
+def _amps_to_str(a: int) -> str:
+    return f"{int(a):03d}"
+
+
+def _amps_from_str(raw: str) -> int:
+    return int(raw)
+
+
+# Applied in this order. Safe: set low-range protections before high-range; currents before priorities.
+SCHEDULE: list[Setting] = [
+    Setting("battery_type",
+            encoder=lambda v: f"PBT{PBT_MAP[v]}",
+            decoder=lambda r: PBT_PIRI.get(r.lstrip("0") or "0", r),
+            piri_field=PIRI["battery_type"]),
+    Setting("cutoff_voltage",
+            encoder=lambda v: f"PSDV{_v_to_tenths(v)}",
+            decoder=_tenths_to_v,
+            piri_field=PIRI["cutoff_voltage"]),
+    # BUCD sets stop-discharge and stop-charge together
+    Setting("stop_discharge_voltage",
+            encoder=lambda pair: f"BUCD{_v_to_tenths(pair[0])},{'000' if pair[1] in (0,0.0) else _v_to_tenths(pair[1])}",
+            decoder=_tenths_to_v,
+            piri_field=PIRI["stop_discharge_voltage"],
+            pair_keys=("stop_discharge_voltage", "stop_charge_voltage")),
+    # MCHGV sets bulk and float together
+    Setting("bulk_voltage",
+            encoder=lambda pair: f"MCHGV{_v_to_tenths(pair[0])},{_v_to_tenths(pair[1])}",
+            decoder=_tenths_to_v,
+            piri_field=PIRI["bulk_voltage"],
+            pair_keys=("bulk_voltage", "float_voltage")),
+    Setting("max_utility_charging_current",
+            encoder=lambda a: f"MUCHGC{UNIT_INDEX},{_amps_to_str(a)}",
+            decoder=_amps_from_str,
+            piri_field=PIRI["max_utility_charging_current"]),
+    Setting("max_charging_current",
+            encoder=lambda a: f"MCHGC{UNIT_INDEX},{_amps_to_str(a)}",
+            decoder=_amps_from_str,
+            piri_field=PIRI["max_charging_current"]),
+    Setting("output_source_priority",
+            encoder=lambda v: f"POP{POP_MAP[v]}",
+            decoder=lambda r: POP_PIRI.get(r.lstrip("0") or "0", r),
+            piri_field=PIRI["output_source_priority"]),
+    Setting("charger_priority",
+            encoder=lambda v: f"PCP{UNIT_INDEX},{PCP_MAP[v]}",
+            decoder=lambda r: PCP_PIRI.get(r.lstrip("0") or "0", r),
+            piri_field=PIRI["charger_priority"]),
+    Setting("solar_power_priority",
+            encoder=lambda v: f"PSP{PSP_MAP[v]}",
+            decoder=lambda r: PSP_PIRI.get(r.lstrip("0") or "0", r),
+            piri_field=PIRI["solar_power_priority"]),
+    Setting("grid_tie",
+            encoder=lambda v: "PEI" if v == "enabled" else "PDI",
+            decoder=lambda r: "grid_tie" if r.lstrip("0") == "1" else "off_grid",
+            piri_field=PIRI["machine_type"]),
+]
+
+# -------- range / consistency validation --------
+
+def _validate(profile: dict) -> list[str]:
+    errs: list[str] = []
+    def rng(key, lo, hi):
+        if key in profile and not (lo <= profile[key] <= hi):
+            errs.append(f"{key}={profile[key]} out of range [{lo}, {hi}]")
+
+    rng("cutoff_voltage", 40.0, 48.0)
+    rng("stop_discharge_voltage", 44.0, 51.0)
+    if "stop_charge_voltage" in profile and profile["stop_charge_voltage"] != 0:
+        rng("stop_charge_voltage", 48.0, 58.0)
+    rng("bulk_voltage", 48.0, 58.4)
+    rng("float_voltage", 48.0, 58.4)
+    rng("max_charging_current", 10, 80)
+    rng("max_utility_charging_current", 2, 80)
+
+    if "cutoff_voltage" in profile and "stop_discharge_voltage" in profile:
+        if profile["cutoff_voltage"] >= profile["stop_discharge_voltage"]:
+            errs.append("cutoff_voltage must be < stop_discharge_voltage")
+    if "float_voltage" in profile and "bulk_voltage" in profile:
+        if profile["float_voltage"] > profile["bulk_voltage"]:
+            errs.append("float_voltage must be <= bulk_voltage")
+    if "max_charging_current" in profile and profile["max_charging_current"] not in (10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80):
+        errs.append("max_charging_current must be one of 10,20,...,80")
+    if "max_utility_charging_current" in profile and profile["max_utility_charging_current"] not in (2,10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80):
+        errs.append("max_utility_charging_current must be one of 2,10,20,...,80")
+
+    for k, allowed in [("output_source_priority", POP_MAP), ("charger_priority", PCP_MAP),
+                       ("solar_power_priority", PSP_MAP), ("battery_type", PBT_MAP)]:
+        if k in profile and profile[k] not in allowed:
+            errs.append(f"{k}={profile[k]!r} not in {list(allowed)}")
+    if "grid_tie" in profile and profile["grid_tie"] not in ("enabled", "disabled"):
+        errs.append("grid_tie must be 'enabled' or 'disabled'")
+    return errs
+
+# -------- powermon glue --------
+
+async def _open_port(path: str) -> USBPort:
+    protocol = get_protocol_definition(protocol=PROTOCOL)
+    port = USBPort(path=path, protocol=protocol)
+    port.path = path
+    await port.connect()
+    if not port.is_connected():
+        raise RuntimeError(f"could not open {path}")
+    return port
+
+
+async def _resolve_path(device: str | None, serial: str | None) -> str:
+    """Return a concrete device path.
+
+    If `serial` is given, glob /dev/hidraw* and probe each candidate via PI18 ID
+    until one matches. Otherwise return `device` verbatim (typically the
+    resolver-maintained /dev/lvx6048-N symlink). --serial takes precedence for
+    cases where the resolver hasn't run (e.g. early boot, bare hidraw probing).
+    """
+    import glob as _glob
+    if serial:
+        pass  # fall through to probe
+    elif device:
+        return device
+    else:
+        raise RuntimeError("must supply --device or --serial")
+    candidates = sorted(_glob.glob("/dev/hidraw*"))
+    if not candidates:
+        raise RuntimeError("no /dev/hidraw* devices present")
+    for path in candidates:
+        try:
+            port = await _open_port(path)
+        except Exception:
+            continue
+        try:
+            parts = await _read_raw_parts(port, "ID")
+            # ID returns one field, so parts[0] is the inverter serial
+            if parts and parts[0] == str(serial):
+                return path
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+        finally:
+            await port.disconnect()
+    raise RuntimeError(f"no device at /dev/hidraw* responds with serial {serial!r}")
+
+
+def _build_command(code: str, proto) -> Command:
+    cd = proto.get_command_definition(code)
+    if cd is None:
+        raise RuntimeError(f"unknown PI18 command: {code!r}")
+    cmd = Command(code=code, commandtype="basic", outputs=[], trigger=None)
+    cmd.command_definition = cd
+    cmd.full_command = proto.get_full_command(code)
+    return cmd
+
+
+async def _send(port: USBPort, code: str):
+    cmd = _build_command(code, port.protocol)
+    result = await port.send_and_receive(cmd)
+    return result
+
+
+async def _read_piri(port: USBPort, retries: int = 3) -> dict[str, str]:
+    """Return {name: raw_string} for each PIRI field.
+
+    Retries on transient decode failures — powermon's parser can IndexError when
+    the hidraw fd still holds leftover bytes from a prior command (e.g. running
+    multiple queries back-to-back in sync-check).
+    """
+    cmd = _build_command("PIRI", port.protocol)
+    last_err: Any = None
+    for _ in range(retries):
+        try:
+            result = await port.send_and_receive(cmd)
+        except (IndexError, KeyError, ValueError) as e:
+            last_err = e
+            await asyncio.sleep(0.3)
+            continue
+        if result is not None and getattr(result, "is_valid", True):
+            raw = result.raw_response
+            if raw.startswith(b"^D"):
+                raw = raw[5:]  # ^D + 3-digit length
+            if raw.endswith(b"\r"):
+                raw = raw[:-3]  # 2-byte CRC + \r
+            parts = raw.decode("ascii", errors="replace").split(",")
+            return {i: p for i, p in enumerate(parts)} | {"_parts": parts}
+        last_err = getattr(result, "error_messages", None) or result
+        await asyncio.sleep(0.3)
+    raise RuntimeError(f"PIRI read failed after {retries} attempts: {last_err}")
+
+
+def _piri_raw(piri: dict, idx: int) -> str:
+    return piri["_parts"][idx]
+
+
+async def _wait_ack(port: USBPort, code: str) -> bool:
+    """Send a setter. Return True on ^1, False on ^0 / unknown."""
+    cmd = _build_command(code, port.protocol)
+    result = await port.send_and_receive(cmd)
+    raw = getattr(result, "raw_response", b"") or b""
+    # setter response framed as ^Dlll^1... or similar. Just look for ^1 / ^0 anywhere.
+    if b"^1" in raw:
+        return True
+    if b"^0" in raw:
+        return False
+    # fallback: inspect parsed readings
+    for r in (result.readings or []):
+        v = str(r.data_value).lower()
+        if "succeed" in v:
+            return True
+        if "fail" in v:
+            return False
+    return False
+
+# -------- dump / diff / apply --------
+
+def _dump_profile(piri_raw: list[str]) -> dict:
+    """Convert PIRI raw fields into a profile dict, using the SCHEDULE decoders."""
+    out: dict[str, Any] = {}
+    # walk SCHEDULE once; pairs already have both halves
+    for s in SCHEDULE:
+        if s.key == "grid_tie":
+            mt = piri_raw[PIRI["machine_type"]]
+            out["grid_tie"] = "enabled" if mt.lstrip("0") == "1" else "disabled"
+            continue
+        out[s.key] = s.decoder(piri_raw[s.piri_field])
+    # fill pair's partner keys too (bulk/float already via bulk_voltage row; pair_keys picks up the second)
+    # BUCD pair
+    out["stop_discharge_voltage"] = _tenths_to_v(piri_raw[PIRI["stop_discharge_voltage"]])
+    out["stop_charge_voltage"] = _tenths_to_v(piri_raw[PIRI["stop_charge_voltage"]])
+    out["bulk_voltage"] = _tenths_to_v(piri_raw[PIRI["bulk_voltage"]])
+    out["float_voltage"] = _tenths_to_v(piri_raw[PIRI["float_voltage"]])
+    return out
+
+
+def _diff(want: dict, have: dict) -> list[tuple[str, Any, Any]]:
+    diffs = []
+    for k, v in want.items():
+        if k not in have:
+            continue
+        hv = have[k]
+        if isinstance(v, float) or isinstance(hv, float):
+            if abs(float(v) - float(hv)) > 0.05:
+                diffs.append((k, hv, v))
+        else:
+            if v != hv:
+                diffs.append((k, hv, v))
+    return diffs
+
+
+def _systemctl(action: str) -> None:
+    # Stop both units so neither holds the hidraw fd for the one we're writing to.
+    subprocess.run(["sudo", "systemctl", action, "powermon.service", "powermon2.service"], check=True)
+
+
+async def cmd_dump(args) -> int:
+    path = await _resolve_path(args.device, args.serial)
+    port = await _open_port(path)
+    try:
+        piri = await _read_piri(port)
+    finally:
+        await port.disconnect()
+    prof = _dump_profile(piri["_parts"])
+    # Drop any keys whose values aren't round-trippable via their PI18 setter.
+    errs = _validate(prof)
+    skipped: list[str] = []
+    for e in errs:
+        for k in list(prof):
+            if e.startswith(k + "=") or e.startswith(k + " "):
+                if k in prof:
+                    skipped.append(f"{k}={prof.pop(k)!r} ({e})")
+                break
+    out_path = Path(args.out)
+    out_path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    with out_path.open("w") as f:
+        f.write("# LVX6048 settings profile. Edit freely; all keys are optional.\n")
+        f.write("# `flash.py diff` previews changes; `flash.py apply --confirm` writes.\n")
+        if skipped:
+            f.write("#\n# skipped (read-only or out of settable range):\n")
+            for s in skipped:
+                f.write(f"#   {s}\n")
+        f.write("\n")
+        for k, v in prof.items():
+            doc = KEY_DOCS.get(k)
+            if doc:
+                f.write(f"# {doc}\n")
+            # one-key dump preserves native YAML formatting for scalars
+            f.write(yaml.safe_dump({k: v}, sort_keys=False, default_flow_style=False))
+            f.write("\n")
+    print(f"wrote {out_path} with {len(prof)} keys" + (f" ({len(skipped)} skipped)" if skipped else ""))
+    return 0
+
+
+async def cmd_diff(args) -> int:
+    with open(args.profile) as f:
+        want = yaml.safe_load(f) or {}
+    errs = _validate(want)
+    if errs:
+        for e in errs:
+            print(f"INVALID: {e}")
+        return 2
+    path = await _resolve_path(args.device, args.serial)
+    port = await _open_port(path)
+    try:
+        piri = await _read_piri(port)
+    finally:
+        await port.disconnect()
+    have = _dump_profile(piri["_parts"])
+    diffs = _diff(want, have)
+    if not diffs:
+        print("no diff — profile matches device")
+        return 0
+    print(f"{len(diffs)} setting(s) would change:")
+    for k, hv, wv in diffs:
+        print(f"  {k}: {hv!r} -> {wv!r}")
+    return 0
+
+
+async def cmd_apply(args) -> int:
+    with open(args.profile) as f:
+        want = yaml.safe_load(f) or {}
+    errs = _validate(want)
+    if errs:
+        for e in errs:
+            print(f"INVALID: {e}")
+        return 2
+    if not args.confirm:
+        print("refusing to write without --confirm (use `diff` to preview)")
+        return 2
+
+    path = await _resolve_path(args.device, args.serial)
+    print("stopping powermon.service...")
+    _systemctl("stop")
+    try:
+        port = await _open_port(path)
+        try:
+            piri = await _read_piri(port)
+            have = _dump_profile(piri["_parts"])
+            diffs = _diff(want, have)
+            if not diffs:
+                print("nothing to do")
+                return 0
+
+            pending = {k for k, _, _ in diffs}
+            applied: list[str] = []
+            for s in SCHEDULE:
+                # handle pair settings once
+                if s.pair_keys:
+                    a, b = s.pair_keys
+                    if a not in pending and b not in pending:
+                        continue
+                    if a not in want or b not in want:
+                        print(f"SKIP {a}/{b}: pair requires both keys in profile")
+                        continue
+                    code = s.encoder((want[a], want[b]))
+                    print(f"-> {code}  ({a}={want[a]}, {b}={want[b]})")
+                    ok = await _wait_ack(port, code)
+                    if not ok:
+                        print(f"FAIL: inverter NAK on {code}")
+                        return 3
+                    # readback
+                    piri2 = await _read_piri(port)
+                    new_a = _tenths_to_v(piri2["_parts"][PIRI[a]])
+                    new_b = _tenths_to_v(piri2["_parts"][PIRI[b]])
+                    if abs(new_a - float(want[a])) > 0.05 or abs(new_b - float(want[b])) > 0.05:
+                        print(f"FAIL: readback mismatch: {a}={new_a}, {b}={new_b}")
+                        return 3
+                    applied += [a, b]
+                    continue
+                if s.key not in pending:
+                    continue
+                code = s.encoder(want[s.key])
+                print(f"-> {code}  ({s.key}={want[s.key]})")
+                ok = await _wait_ack(port, code)
+                if not ok:
+                    print(f"FAIL: inverter NAK on {code}")
+                    return 3
+                piri2 = await _read_piri(port)
+                actual = s.decoder(piri2["_parts"][s.piri_field])
+                expected = want[s.key]
+                if isinstance(actual, float):
+                    match = abs(float(actual) - float(expected)) <= 0.05
+                else:
+                    match = actual == expected or (s.key == "grid_tie" and actual == ("grid_tie" if expected == "enabled" else "off_grid"))
+                if not match:
+                    print(f"FAIL: readback mismatch on {s.key}: got {actual!r}, want {expected!r}")
+                    return 3
+                applied.append(s.key)
+
+            print(f"OK — applied {len(applied)} setting(s): {', '.join(applied)}")
+            return 0
+        finally:
+            await port.disconnect()
+    finally:
+        print("restarting powermon.service...")
+        _systemctl("start")
+
+
+# -------- sync-check: are the two units in a valid parallel state? --------
+
+# PI18 MOD codes
+MOD_NAMES = {
+    "00": "Power on", "01": "Standby", "02": "Bypass",
+    "03": "Battery", "04": "Fault", "05": "Hybrid",
+}
+
+# PI18 FWS fault-code map (cross-referenced with PI30 QPGS fault codes)
+FAULT_NAMES = {
+    "00": "No fault",
+    "01": "Fan is locked",
+    "02": "Over temperature",
+    "03": "Battery voltage is too high",
+    "04": "Battery voltage is too low",
+    "05": "Output short circuited or Over temperature",
+    "06": "Output voltage is too high",
+    "07": "Over load time out",
+    "08": "Bus voltage is too high",
+    "09": "Bus soft start failed",
+    "11": "Main relay failed",
+    "51": "Over current inverter",
+    "52": "Bus soft start failed",
+    "53": "Inverter soft start failed",
+    "54": "Self-test failed",
+    "55": "Over DC voltage on output of inverter",
+    "56": "Battery connection is open",
+    "57": "Current sensor failed",
+    "58": "Output voltage is too low",
+    "60": "Inverter negative power",
+    "71": "Parallel version different",
+    "72": "Output circuit failed",
+    "80": "CAN communication failed",
+    "81": "Parallel host line lost",
+    "82": "Parallel synchronized signal lost",
+    "83": "Parallel battery voltage detect different",
+    "84": "Parallel Line voltage or frequency detect different",
+    "85": "Parallel Line input current unbalanced",
+    "86": "Parallel output setting different",
+}
+
+# GS field indices (see powermon/protocols/pi18.py :: QUERY_COMMANDS["GS"])
+GS_AC_OUTPUT_V = 2
+GS_AC_OUTPUT_HZ = 3
+GS_PARALLEL_VALID = 27
+
+
+async def _read_raw_parts(port: USBPort, code: str, retries: int = 3) -> list[str]:
+    cmd = _build_command(code, port.protocol)
+    last_err: Any = None
+    for _ in range(retries):
+        result = await port.send_and_receive(cmd)
+        if result is not None and getattr(result, "is_valid", False):
+            raw = result.raw_response
+            if raw.startswith(b"^D"):
+                raw = raw[5:]  # ^D + 3-digit length
+            if raw.endswith(b"\r"):
+                raw = raw[:-3]  # 2-byte CRC + \r
+            return raw.decode("ascii", errors="replace").split(",")
+        last_err = getattr(result, "error_messages", None) or result
+        await asyncio.sleep(0.3)
+    raise RuntimeError(f"{code} read failed after {retries} attempts: {last_err}")
+
+
+async def _snapshot_sync(path: str) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    port = await _open_port(path)
+    try:
+        gs = await _read_raw_parts(port, "GS")
+        fws = await _read_raw_parts(port, "FWS")
+        mod = await _read_raw_parts(port, "MOD")
+        vfw = await _read_raw_parts(port, "VFW")
+    finally:
+        await port.disconnect()
+    return {
+        "parallel_valid": gs[GS_PARALLEL_VALID] == "1",
+        "ac_output_v": _tenths_to_v(gs[GS_AC_OUTPUT_V]),
+        "ac_output_hz": int(gs[GS_AC_OUTPUT_HZ]) / 10.0,
+        "fault_code": fws[0],
+        "fault_name": FAULT_NAMES.get(fws[0], f"unknown ({fws[0]})"),
+        "mode_raw": mod[0],
+        "mode": MOD_NAMES.get(mod[0], mod[0]),
+        "main_cpu": vfw[0],
+        "slave_cpu": vfw[1],
+    }
+
+
+async def cmd_sync_check(args) -> int:
+    path_a = await _resolve_path(args.device_a, args.serial_a)
+    path_b = await _resolve_path(args.device_b, args.serial_b)
+    a = await _snapshot_sync(path_a)
+    b = await _snapshot_sync(path_b)
+
+    def _row(label: str, s: dict) -> str:
+        valid = "valid" if s["parallel_valid"] else "NOT VALID"
+        return (f"{label}: fw={s['main_cpu']}/{s['slave_cpu']}  mode={s['mode']}  "
+                f"parallel={valid}  fault={s['fault_name']}  "
+                f"vac={s['ac_output_v']}V  fac={s['ac_output_hz']}Hz")
+
+    print(_row(path_a, a))
+    print(_row(path_b, b))
+
+    issues: list[str] = []
+    if a["main_cpu"] != b["main_cpu"] or a["slave_cpu"] != b["slave_cpu"]:
+        issues.append(f"firmware mismatch: {a['main_cpu']}/{a['slave_cpu']} vs {b['main_cpu']}/{b['slave_cpu']} — parallel requires matching firmware on both units")
+    if not a["parallel_valid"]:
+        issues.append(f"{path_a}: GS parallel_instance_number = Not valid")
+    if not b["parallel_valid"]:
+        issues.append(f"{path_b}: GS parallel_instance_number = Not valid")
+    if a["fault_code"] != "00":
+        issues.append(f"{path_a}: active fault {a['fault_code']} ({a['fault_name']})")
+    if b["fault_code"] != "00":
+        issues.append(f"{path_b}: active fault {b['fault_code']} ({b['fault_name']})")
+    if a["mode_raw"] != b["mode_raw"]:
+        issues.append(f"mode differs: {a['mode']} vs {b['mode']}")
+    if abs(a["ac_output_hz"] - b["ac_output_hz"]) > 0.1 and a["ac_output_hz"] > 0 and b["ac_output_hz"] > 0:
+        issues.append(f"AC output frequency diverges: {a['ac_output_hz']}Hz vs {b['ac_output_hz']}Hz (>0.1Hz = not phase-locked)")
+    if abs(a["ac_output_v"] - b["ac_output_v"]) > 2.0 and a["ac_output_v"] > 0 and b["ac_output_v"] > 0:
+        issues.append(f"AC output voltage diverges: {a['ac_output_v']}V vs {b['ac_output_v']}V (>2V gap)")
+    if a["ac_output_v"] == 0 and b["ac_output_v"] == 0:
+        issues.append("both units AC output = 0 V (idle / not producing); frequency/voltage sync cannot be verified until at least one is inverting")
+
+    print()
+    if not issues:
+        print("SYNC OK")
+        return 0
+    print(f"{len(issues)} issue(s):")
+    for i in issues:
+        print(f"  - {i}")
+    return 1
+
+
+async def cmd_compare(args) -> int:
+    async def _snapshot(path: str) -> dict:
+        port = await _open_port(path)
+        try:
+            piri = await _read_piri(port)
+        finally:
+            await port.disconnect()
+        return _dump_profile(piri["_parts"])
+
+    path_a = await _resolve_path(args.device_a, args.serial_a)
+    path_b = await _resolve_path(args.device_b, args.serial_b)
+    a = await _snapshot(path_a)
+    b = await _snapshot(path_b)
+
+    shared = sorted(set(a) & set(b))
+    diffs: list[tuple[str, Any, Any]] = []
+    for k in shared:
+        av, bv = a[k], b[k]
+        if isinstance(av, float) or isinstance(bv, float):
+            if abs(float(av) - float(bv)) > 0.05:
+                diffs.append((k, av, bv))
+        elif av != bv:
+            diffs.append((k, av, bv))
+
+    a_only = sorted(set(a) - set(b))
+    b_only = sorted(set(b) - set(a))
+
+    if not diffs and not a_only and not b_only:
+        print(f"MATCH — {len(shared)} settings identical on {path_a} and {path_b}")
+        return 0
+
+    if diffs:
+        kw = max(len(k) for k, _, _ in diffs)
+        print(f"{len(diffs)} setting(s) differ (of {len(shared)} shared):")
+        for k, av, bv in diffs:
+            print(f"  {k:<{kw}}  {path_a}={av!r}   {path_b}={bv!r}")
+    if a_only:
+        print(f"only on {path_a}: {', '.join(a_only)}")
+    if b_only:
+        print(f"only on {path_b}: {', '.join(b_only)}")
+    return 1
+
+
+def main() -> int:
+    ap = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Flash LVX6048 settings profiles via PI18.")
+    sub = ap.add_subparsers(dest="cmd", required=True)
+
+    def _add_common(p):
+        # --device uses the resolver-maintained symlink by default. --serial is
+        # an explicit fallback that probes /dev/hidraw* via PI18 ID — only use
+        # when the resolver hasn't run (e.g. early boot / debugging).
+        p.add_argument("--device", default="/dev/lvx6048-1",
+                       help="device path (default: /dev/lvx6048-1 symlink)")
+        p.add_argument("--serial", default=None,
+                       help="override --device by probing /dev/hidraw* for this PI18 serial")
+
+    d = sub.add_parser("dump", help="read current settings into a YAML profile")
+    _add_common(d)
+    d.add_argument("--out", required=True)
+
+    df = sub.add_parser("diff", help="show what would change if a profile were applied")
+    _add_common(df)
+    df.add_argument("--profile", required=True)
+
+    ap_ = sub.add_parser("apply", help="apply a profile (requires --confirm)")
+    _add_common(ap_)
+    ap_.add_argument("--profile", required=True)
+    ap_.add_argument("--confirm", action="store_true")
+
+    def _add_pair(p):
+        p.add_argument("--device-a", default="/dev/lvx6048-1", help="device path for unit A")
+        p.add_argument("--device-b", default="/dev/lvx6048-2", help="device path for unit B")
+        p.add_argument("--serial-a", default=None, help="override --device-a by probing PI18 serial")
+        p.add_argument("--serial-b", default=None, help="override --device-b by probing PI18 serial")
+
+    cp = sub.add_parser("compare", help="diff live settings between two inverters")
+    _add_pair(cp)
+
+    sc = sub.add_parser("sync-check", help="verify two paralleled inverters are in sync")
+    _add_pair(sc)
+
+    args = ap.parse_args()
+    handler = {
+        "dump": cmd_dump, "diff": cmd_diff, "apply": cmd_apply,
+        "compare": cmd_compare, "sync-check": cmd_sync_check,
+    }[args.cmd]
+    return asyncio.run(handler(args))
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    sys.exit(main())

LVX6048/lvx-flash/profiles/current.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+# LVX6048 settings profile. Edit freely; all keys are optional.
+# `flash.py diff` previews changes; `flash.py apply --confirm` writes.
+#
+# skipped (read-only or out of settable range):
+#   max_charging_current=100 (max_charging_current=100 out of range [10, 80])
+
+# enum: AGM | FLOODED | USER
+battery_type: AGM
+
+# V 40.0..48.0 — hard shutdown; must be < stop_discharge_voltage. Only honored when battery_type=USER.
+cutoff_voltage: 40.8
+
+# V 44.0..51.0 — switch battery→grid below this (pair: stop_charge_voltage). Only honored when battery_type=USER.
+stop_discharge_voltage: 46.0
+
+# V 48.0..58.4 — CC→CV transition (pair: float_voltage; must be >= float_voltage). Only honored when battery_type=USER.
+bulk_voltage: 56.4
+
+# A 2,10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80 — grid-side cap only
+max_utility_charging_current: 30
+
+# enum: solar_utility_battery | solar_battery_utility
+output_source_priority: solar_battery_utility
+
+# enum: solar_first | solar_and_utility | solar_only
+charger_priority: solar_first
+
+# enum: battery_load_utility_ac | load_battery_utility
+solar_power_priority: battery_load_utility_ac
+
+# enum: enabled | disabled (PEI/PDI)
+grid_tie: disabled
+
+# V 0 (=Full) or 48.0..58.0 — switch grid→battery above this (pair: stop_discharge_voltage). Only honored when battery_type=USER.
+stop_charge_voltage: 54.0
+
+# V 48.0..58.4 — held while on grid (pair: bulk_voltage; must be <= bulk_voltage). Only honored when battery_type=USER.
+float_voltage: 54.0
+

LVX6048/powermon-patches/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# powermon patches
+
+Drop-in replacements for files inside a `uv tool install powermon==1.0.18` tree.
+Each file below lands at the indicated path — the top-level `install.sh` does the copy.
+
+| Snapshot here            | Target (inside `$POWERMON_SITE`)      | Purpose |
+|--------------------------|---------------------------------------|---------|
+| `pi18.py`                | `protocols/pi18.py`                   | (a) rename `"DC/AC power direction"` → `"DC-AC power direction"` so the slash doesn't create a bogus MQTT topic level. (d) add `FWS` (fault + warning status) and `PGS<n>` (parallel general status) query commands; bump `check_definitions_count(expected=24)` → `26`. |
+| `usbport.py`             | `ports/usbport.py`                    | (b) drain leftover bytes from the hidraw fd before sending (non-blocking read loop swallowing `BlockingIOError`); wrap the main `os.read` in the retry loop so an empty first read doesn't abort. Otherwise late HID bytes from a prior command get parsed as the next reply → `KeyError`. |
+| `mqttbroker.py`          | `libs/mqttbroker.py`                  | (c) broaden `connect()`'s `except ConnectionRefusedError` to `(ConnectionRefusedError, OSError)` and narrow `publish()`'s bare `except Exception` to `(OSError, RuntimeError, ValueError)`. Otherwise any broker blip (HA restart, `Errno 113 No route to host`) crashes the daemon. |
+| `port_config_model.py`   | `configmodel/port_config_model.py`    | (e) add `serial_number: None \| str \| int = Field(default=None)` to `UsbPortConfig`. The model is `NoExtraBaseModel`, so powermon rejects `serial_number:` at the port level without this. |
+| `ports_init.py`          | `ports/__init__.py`                   | (f) in `from_config()`, make `port_config['serial_number'] = serial_number` a fallback (`if port_config.get('serial_number') is None:`). Device-level `serial_number` is the HA identifier (e.g. `lvx6048_1`); the port-level one is the hardware PI18 serial — they must not be conflated. |
+
+Patches (a)–(d) are load-bearing for the live setup. Patches (e) and (f) enable
+powermon's native wildcard-path + serial-matching flow for a single-daemon
+setup; we don't currently exercise that because two services probing
+independently at startup race each other — the external `lvx-resolve-links`
+oneshot handles identification instead. (e)/(f) are kept applied for future
+flexibility.
+
+## Upgrade path
+
+These patches are pinned against **powermon 1.0.18**. Before bumping powermon:
+
+1. Install the new version in a scratch location: `uv tool install --prefix /tmp/pm-next 'powermon==X.Y.Z'`
+2. Diff each of the five files against the pristine upstream copy.
+3. Re-apply each patch by hand into the new files (they're short — see descriptions above).
+4. Drop the new files into this folder and re-run `./install.sh` on the target.

LVX6048/powermon-patches/mqttbroker.py

@@ -0,0 +1,220 @@
+""" powermon / libs / mqttbroker.py """
+import logging
+from time import sleep
+
+import paho.mqtt.client as mqtt_client
+
+from powermon.libs.config import safe_config
+
+# Set-up logger
+log = logging.getLogger("mqttbroker")
+
+
+class MqttBroker:
+    """ Wrapper for mqtt broker connectivity and message proccessing """
+    def __str__(self):
+        if self.disabled:
+            return "MqttBroker DISABLED"
+        else:
+            return f"MqttBroker name: {self.name}, port: {self.port}, user: {self.username}"
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_config(cls, config=None) -> 'MqttBroker':
+        """ build the mqtt broker object from a config dict """
+        log.debug("mqttbroker config: %s", safe_config(config))
+
+        if config:
+            name = config.get("name")
+            port = config.get("port", 1883)
+            username = config.get("username")
+            password = config.get("password")
+            mqtt_broker = cls(name=name, port=port, username=username, password=password)
+            mqtt_broker.adhoc_topic = config.get("adhoc_topic")
+            mqtt_broker.adhoc_result_topic = config.get("adhoc_result_topic")
+            return mqtt_broker
+        else:
+            return cls(name=None)
+
+    def __init__(self, name, port=None, username=None, password=None):
+        self.name = name
+        self.port = port
+        self.username = username
+        self.password = password
+        self.is_connected = False
+
+        if self.name is None:
+            self.disabled = True
+        else:
+            self.disabled = False
+            self.mqttc = mqtt_client.Client()
+
+    @property
+    def adhoc_topic(self) -> str:
+        """ return the adhoc command topic """
+        return getattr(self, "_adhoc_topic", None)
+
+    @adhoc_topic.setter
+    def adhoc_topic(self, value):
+        log.debug("setting adhoc topic to: %s", value)
+        self._adhoc_topic = value
+
+    @property
+    def adhoc_result_topic(self) -> str:
+        """ return the adhoc result topic """
+        return getattr(self, "_adhoc_result_topic", None)
+
+    @adhoc_result_topic.setter
+    def adhoc_result_topic(self, value):
+        log.debug("setting adhoc result topic to: %s", value)
+        self._adhoc_result_topic = value
+
+    def on_connect(self, client, userdata, flags, rc):
+        """ callback for connect """
+        # 0: Connection successful
+        # 1: Connection refused - incorrect protocol version
+        # 2: Connection refused - invalid client identifier
+        # 3: Connection refused - server unavailable
+        # 4: Connection refused - bad username or password
+        # 5: Connection refused - not authorised
+        # 6-255: Currently unused.
+        log.debug("on_connect called - client: %s, userdata: %s, flags: %s", client, userdata, flags)
+        connection_result = [
+            "Connection successful",
+            "Connection refused - incorrect protocol version",
+            "Connection refused - invalid client identifier",
+            "Connection refused - server unavailable",
+            "Connection refused - bad username or password",
+            "Connection refused - not authorised",
+        ]
+        log.debug("MqttBroker connection returned result: %s %s", rc, connection_result[rc])
+        if rc == 0:
+            self.is_connected = True
+            return
+        self.is_connected = False
+
+    def on_disconnect(self, client, userdata, rc):
+        """ callback for disconnect """
+        log.debug("on_disconnect called - client: %s, userdata: %s, rc: %s", client, userdata, rc)
+        self.is_connected = False
+
+    def connect(self):
+        """ connect to mqtt broker """
+        if self.disabled:
+            log.info("MQTT broker not enabled, was a broker name defined? '%s'", self.name)
+            return
+        if not self.name:
+            log.info("MQTT could not connect as no broker name")
+            return
+        self.mqttc.on_connect = self.on_connect
+        self.mqttc.on_disconnect = self.on_disconnect
+        # if name is screen just return without connecting
+        if self.name == "screen":
+            # allows checking of message formats
+            return
+        try:
+            log.debug("Connecting to %s on port %s", self.name, self.port)
+            if self.username:
+                # auth = {"username": mqtt_user, "password": mqtt_pass}
+                _password = "********" if self.password is not None else "None"
+                log.info("Using mqtt authentication, username: %s, password: %s", self.username, _password)
+                self.mqttc.username_pw_set(self.username, password=self.password)
+            else:
+                log.debug("No mqtt authentication used")
+                # auth = None
+            self.mqttc.connect(self.name, port=self.port, keepalive=60)
+            self.mqttc.loop_start()
+            sleep(1)
+        except (ConnectionRefusedError, OSError) as ex:
+            log.warning("%s connection failed: '%s'", self.name, ex)
+
+    def start(self):
+        """ start mqtt broker """
+        if self.disabled:
+            return
+        if self.is_connected:
+            self.mqttc.loop_start()
+
+    def stop(self):
+        """ stop mqtt broker """
+        log.debug("Stopping mqttbroker connection")
+        if self.disabled:
+            return
+        self.mqttc.loop_stop()
+
+    # def set(self, variable, value):
+    #     setattr(self, variable, value)
+
+    # def update(self, variable, value):
+    #     # only override if value is not None
+    #     if value is None:
+    #         return
+    #     setattr(self, variable, value)
+
+    def subscribe(self, topic, callback):
+        """ subscribe to a mqtt topic """
+        if not self.name:
+            return
+        if self.disabled:
+            return
+        # check if connected, connect if not
+        if not self.is_connected:
+            log.debug("Not connected, connecting")
+            self.connect()
+        # Register callback
+        self.mqttc.on_message = callback
+        if self.is_connected:
+            # Subscribe to command topic
+            log.debug("Subscribing to topic: %s", topic)
+            self.mqttc.subscribe(topic, qos=0)
+        else:
+            log.warning("Did not subscribe to topic: %s as not connected to broker", topic)
+
+    def post_adhoc_command(self, command_code):
+        """ shortcut function to publish an adhoc command """
+        self.publish(topic=self.adhoc_topic, payload=command_code)
+
+    def post_adhoc_result(self, payload):
+        """ shortcut function to publish the results of an adhoc command """
+        self.publish(topic=self.adhoc_result_topic, payload=payload)
+
+
+    def publish(self, topic: str = None, payload: str = None):
+        """ function to publish messages to mqtt broker """
+        if self.disabled:
+            log.debug("Cannot publish msg as mqttbroker disabled")
+            return
+        # log.debug("Publishing '%s' to '%s'", payload, topic)
+        if self.name == "screen":
+            print(f"mqtt debug - topic: '{topic}', payload: '{payload}'")
+            return
+        # check if connected, connect if not
+        if not self.is_connected:
+            log.debug("Not connected, connecting")
+            self.connect()
+            sleep(1)
+            if not self.is_connected:
+                log.warning("mqtt broker did not connect")
+                return
+        if isinstance(topic, bytes):
+            topic = topic.decode('utf-8')
+        if isinstance(payload, bytes):
+            payload = payload.decode('utf-8')
+        try:
+            infot = self.mqttc.publish(topic, payload)
+            infot.wait_for_publish(5)
+        except (OSError, RuntimeError, ValueError) as e:
+            log.warning("mqtt publish failed: %s", e)
+
+    # def setAdhocCommands(self, config={}, callback=None):
+    #     if not config:
+    #         return
+    #     if self.disabled:
+    #         log.debug("Cannot setAdhocCommands as mqttbroker disabled")
+    #         return
+
+    #     adhoc_commands = config.get("adhoc_commands")
+    #     # sub to command topic if defined
+    #     adhoc_commands_topic = adhoc_commands.get("topic")
+    #     if adhoc_commands_topic is not None:
+    #         log.info("Setting adhoc commands topic to %s", adhoc_commands_topic)
+    #         self.subscribe(adhoc_commands_topic, callback)

LVX6048/powermon-patches/pi18.py

@@ -0,0 +1,651 @@
+""" powermon / protocols / pi18.py """
+import logging
+
+from powermon.commands.command import CommandType
+from powermon.commands.command_definition import CommandDefinition
+from powermon.commands.reading_definition import ReadingType, ResponseType
+from powermon.commands.result import ResultType
+from powermon.libs.errors import CommandDefinitionMissing, InvalidCRC, InvalidResponse
+from powermon.ports import PortType
+from powermon.protocols.abstractprotocol import AbstractProtocol
+from powermon.protocols.helpers import crc_pi30 as crc
+from powermon.protocols.pi30 import BATTERY_TYPE_LIST, OUTPUT_MODE_LIST
+
+log = logging.getLogger("pi18")
+
+SETTER_COMMANDS = {
+    "POP": {
+        "name": "POP",
+        "command_type": CommandType.PI18_SETTER,
+        "description": "Set Device Output Source Priority",
+        "help": " -- examples: POP0 (set utility first), POP01 (set solar first)",
+        "regex": "POP([01])$",
+    },
+    "PSP": {
+        "name": "PSP",
+        "command_type": CommandType.PI18_SETTER,
+        "description": "Set Solar Power priority",
+        "help": " -- examples: PSP0 (Battery-Load-Utility +AC Charge), PSP1 (Load-Battery-Utility)",
+        "regex": "PSP([01])$",
+    },
+    "PEI": {
+        "name": "PEI",
+        "command_type": CommandType.PI18_SETTER,
+        "description": "Set Machine type, enable: Grid-Tie",
+        "help": " -- examples: PEI (enable Grid-Tie)",
+    },
+    "PDI": {
+        "name": "PDI",
+        "command_type": CommandType.PI18_SETTER,
+        "description": "Set Machine type, disable: Grid-Tie",
+        "help": " -- examples: PDI (disable Grid-Tie)",
+    },
+    "PCP": {
+        "name": "PCP",
+        "command_type": CommandType.PI18_SETTER,
+        "description": "Set Device Charger Priority",
+        "help": " -- examples: PCP0,1 (set unit 0 [0-9] to Solar and Utility)   PCP0,0 (set unit 0 to Solar first), PCP0,1 (set unit 0 to Solar and Utility), PCP0,2 (set unit 0 to solar only charging)",
+        "regex": "PCP([0-9],[012])$",
+    },
+    "MCHGC": {
+        "name": "MCHGC",
+        "command_type": CommandType.PI18_SETTER,
+        "description": "Set Battery Max Charging Current Solar + AC",
+        "help": " -- examples: MCHGC0,040 (set unit 0 to max charging current of 40A), MCHGC1,060 (set unit 1 to max charging current of 60A) [010 020 030 040 050 060 070 080]",
+        "regex": "MCHGC([0-9],0[1-8]0)$",
+    },
+    "MUCHGC": {
+        "name": "MUCHGC",
+        "command_type": CommandType.PI18_SETTER,
+        "description": "Set Battery Max AC Charging Current",
+        "help": " -- examples: MUCHGC0,040 (set unit 0 to max charging current of 40A), MUCHGC1,060 (set unit 1 to max charging current of 60A) [002 010 020 030 040 050 060 070 080]",
+        "regex": "MUCHGC([0-9]),(002|0[1-8]0)$",
+    },
+    "PBT": {
+        "name": "PBT",
+        "command_type": CommandType.PI18_SETTER,
+        "description": "Set Battery Type",
+        "help": " -- examples: PBT0 (set battery as AGM), PBT1 (set battery as FLOODED), PBT2 (set battery as USER)",
+        "regex": "PBT([012])$",
+    },
+    "MCHGV": {
+        "name": "MCHGV",
+        "command_type": CommandType.PI18_SETTER,
+        "description": "Set Battery Bulk,Float Charging Voltages",
+        "help": " -- example MCHGV552,540 - set battery charging voltage Bulk to 52.2V, float 54V (set Bulk Voltage [480~584] in 0.1V xxx, Float Voltage [480~584] in 0.1V yyy)",
+        # Regex 48.0 - 58.4 Volt
+        "regex": "MCHGV(4[8-9][0-9]|5[0-7][0-9]|58[0-5]),(4[8-9][0-9]|5[0-7][0-9]|58[0-4])$",
+    },
+    "PSDV": {
+        "name": "PSDV",
+        "command_type": CommandType.PI18_SETTER,
+        "description": "Set Battery Cut-off Voltage",
+        "help": " -- example PSDV400 - set battery cut-off voltage to 40V [400~480V] for 48V unit)",
+        # Regex 40 to 48V
+        "regex": "PSDV(4[0-7][0-9]|480)$",
+    },
+    "BUCD": {
+        "name": "BUCD",
+        "command_type": CommandType.PI18_SETTER,
+        "description": "Set Battery Stop dis,charging when Grid is available",
+        "help": " -- example BUCD440,480 - set Stop discharge Voltage [440~510] in 0.1V xxx, Stop Charge Voltage [000(Full) or 480~580] in 0.1V yyy",
+        # Regex 44 to 51V, Full|48V to 58V
+        "regex": "BUCD((4[4-9]0|5[0-1]0),(000|4[8-9]0|5[0-8]0))$",
+    },
+}
+
+QUERY_COMMANDS = {
+    "PI": {
+        "name": "PI",
+        "command_type": CommandType.PI18_QUERY,
+        "description": "Protocol ID inquiry",
+        "help": " -- queries the protocol ID",
+        "result_type": ResultType.SINGLE,
+        "reading_definitions": [
+            {"description": "Protocol ID"},
+        ],
+        "test_responses": [
+            b"^D00518m\xae\r"
+        ]
+    },
+    "ID": {
+        "name": "ID",
+        "aliases": ["default", "get_id"],
+        "command_type": CommandType.PI18_QUERY,
+        "description": "Device Serial Number inquiry",
+        "help": " -- queries the device serial number",
+        "result_type": ResultType.SINGLE,
+        "reading_definitions": [{"description": "Serial Number"}],
+        "test_responses": [
+            b"^D02514012345678901234567\r",
+        ],
+    },
+    "ET": {
+        "name": "ET",
+        "command_type": CommandType.PI18_QUERY,
+        "description": "Total PV Generated Energy Inquiry",
+        "result_type": ResultType.SINGLE,
+        "reading_definitions": [
+            {"description": "Total PV Generated Energy", "reading_type": ReadingType.WATT_HOURS,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.INT, "icon": "mdi:solar-power", "device_class": "energy", "state_class": "total"},
+        ],
+        "test_responses": [
+            b""
+        ],
+    },
+    "EY": {
+        "name": "EY",
+        "command_type": CommandType.PI18_QUERY,
+        "description": "Yearly PV Generated Energy Inquiry",
+        "result_type": ResultType.SINGLE,
+        "reading_definitions": [
+            {"description": "PV Generated Energy for Year", "reading_type": ReadingType.WATT_HOURS,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.INT, "icon": "mdi:counter", "device_class": "energy", "state_class": "total"},
+            {"description": "Year", "reading_type": ReadingType.YEAR,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.INFO_FROM_COMMAND, "format_template": "int(cn[3:])"},
+        ],
+        "test_responses": [
+            b"^D01105580051\x0b\x9f\r",
+        ],
+        "regex": "EY(\\d\\d\\d\\d)$",
+    },
+    "EM": {
+        "name": "EM",
+        "command_type": CommandType.PI18_QUERY,
+        "description": "Monthly PV Generated Energy Inquiry",
+        "result_type": ResultType.SINGLE,
+        "reading_definitions": [
+            {"description": "PV Generated Energy for Month", "reading_type": ReadingType.WATT_HOURS,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.INT, "icon": "mdi:solar-power", "device_class": "energy", "state_class": "total"},
+            {"description": "Year", "reading_type": ReadingType.YEAR,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.INFO_FROM_COMMAND, "format_template": "int(cn[3:7])"},
+            {"description": "Month", "reading_type": ReadingType.MONTH,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.INFO_FROM_COMMAND, "format_template": "calendar.month_name[int(cn[7:])]"},
+        ],
+        "test_responses": [
+            b"",
+        ],
+	"regex": "EM(\\d\\d\\d\\d\\d\\d)$",
+    },
+    "ED": {
+        "name": "ED",
+        "command_type": CommandType.PI18_QUERY,
+        "description": "Daily PV Generated Energy Inquiry",
+        "help": " -- display daily generated energy, format is QEDyyyymmdd",
+        "result_type": ResultType.SINGLE,
+        "reading_definitions": [
+            {"description": "PV Generated Energy for Day", "reading_type": ReadingType.WATT_HOURS,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.INT, "icon": "mdi:solar-power", "device_class": "energy", "state_class": "total"},
+            {"description": "Year", "reading_type": ReadingType.YEAR,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.INFO_FROM_COMMAND, "format_template": "int(cn[3:7])"},
+            {"description": "Month", "reading_type": ReadingType.MONTH,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.INFO_FROM_COMMAND, "format_template": "calendar.month_name[int(cn[7:9])]"},
+            {"description": "Day", "reading_type": ReadingType.DAY,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.INFO_FROM_COMMAND, "format_template": "int(cn[9:11])"},
+        ],
+        "test_responses": [
+            b"(00238800!J\r",
+        ],
+        "regex": "ED(\\d\\d\\d\\d\\d\\d\\d\\d)$",
+    },
+    "PIRI": {
+        "name": "PIRI",
+        "command_type": CommandType.PI18_QUERY,
+        "description": "Current Settings inquiry",
+        "help": " -- queries the current settings from the Inverter",
+        "result_type": ResultType.COMMA_DELIMITED,
+        "reading_definitions": [
+            {"description": "AC Input Voltage", "reading_type": ReadingType.VOLTS,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.TEMPLATE_INT, "format_template": "r/10"},
+            {"description": "AC Input Current", "reading_type": ReadingType.CURRENT,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.TEMPLATE_INT, "format_template": "r/10"},
+            {"description": "AC Output Voltage", "reading_type": ReadingType.VOLTS,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.TEMPLATE_INT, "format_template": "r/10"},
+            {"description": "AC Output Frequency", "reading_type": ReadingType.FREQUENCY,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.TEMPLATE_INT, "format_template": "r/10"},
+            {"description": "AC Output Current", "reading_type": ReadingType.CURRENT,
+                 "response_type": ResponseType.TEMPLATE_INT, "format_template": "r/10"},
+            {"description": "AC Output Apparent Power", "reading_type": ReadingType.APPARENT_POWER},
+            {"description": "AC Output Active Power", "reading_type": ReadingType.WATTS},
+            {"description": "Battery Voltage", "reading_type": ReadingType.VOLTS,
+                 "response_type": ResponseType.TEMPLATE_INT, "format_template": "r/10"},
+            {"description": "Battery re-charge Voltage", "reading_type": ReadingType.VOLTS,
+                 "response_type": ResponseType.TEMPLATE_INT, "format_template": "r/10"},
+            {"description": "Battery re-discharge Voltage", "reading_type": ReadingType.VOLTS,
+                 "response_type": ResponseType.TEMPLATE_INT, "format_template": "r/10"},
+            {"description": "Battery Under Voltage", "reading_type": ReadingType.VOLTS, "response_type": ResponseType.TEMPLATE_INT, "format_template": "r/10"},
+            {"description": "Battery Bulk Charge Voltage", "reading_type": ReadingType.VOLTS, "response_type": ResponseType.TEMPLATE_INT, "format_template": "r/10"},
+            {"description": "Battery Float Charge Voltage", "reading_type": ReadingType.VOLTS, "response_type": ResponseType.TEMPLATE_INT, "format_template": "r/10"},
+            {"description": "Battery Type", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE, "response_type": ResponseType.LIST, "options": BATTERY_TYPE_LIST},
+            {"description": "Max AC Charging Current", "reading_type": ReadingType.CURRENT},
+            {"description": "Max Charging Current", "reading_type": ReadingType.CURRENT},
+            {"description": "Input Voltage Range", "response_type": ResponseType.LIST, "options": ["Appliance", "UPS"]},
+            {"description": "Output Source Priority",
+                "response_type": ResponseType.LIST, "options": ["Solar - Utility - Battery", "Solar - Battery - Utility"]},
+            {"description": "Charger Source Priority",
+                "response_type": ResponseType.LIST, "options": ["Solar First", "Solar + Utility", "Only solar charging permitted"]},
+            {"description": "Max Parallel Units"},
+            {"description": "Machine Type", "response_type": ResponseType.LIST, "options": ["Off Grid", "Grid Tie"]},
+            {"description": "Topology", "response_type": ResponseType.LIST, "options": ["transformerless", "transformer"]},
+            {"description": "Output Mode", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE, "response_type": ResponseType.LIST, "options": OUTPUT_MODE_LIST},
+            {"description": "Solar power priority", "response_type": ResponseType.LIST, "options": ["Battery-Load-Utiliy + AC Charger", "Load-Battery-Utiliy"]},
+            {"description": "MPPT strings"},
+            {"description": "Unknown flags?", "response_type": ResponseType.STRING},
+        ],
+        "test_responses": [
+            b"^D0882300,217,2300,500,217,5000,5000,480,480,530,440,570,570,2,10,070,1,1,1,9,0,0,0,0,1,00\xe1k\r",
+        ]
+    },
+    "GS": {
+        "name": "GS",
+        "command_type": CommandType.PI18_QUERY,
+        "description": "General Status Parameters inquiry",
+        "result_type": ResultType.COMMA_DELIMITED,
+        "reading_definitions": [
+            {"description": "AC Input Voltage", "reading_type": ReadingType.VOLTS,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.TEMPLATE_INT, "format_template": "r/10", "icon": "mdi:transmission-tower-export", "device_class": "voltage"},
+            {"description": "AC Input Frequency", "reading_type": ReadingType.FREQUENCY,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.TEMPLATE_INT, "format_template": "r/10", "icon": "mdi:current-ac", "device_class": "frequency"},
+            {"description": "AC Output Voltage", "reading_type": ReadingType.VOLTS,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.TEMPLATE_INT, "format_template": "r/10", "icon": "mdi:transmission-tower-export", "device_class": "voltage"},
+            {"description": "AC Output Frequency", "reading_type": ReadingType.FREQUENCY,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.TEMPLATE_INT, "format_template": "r/10", "icon": "mdi:current-ac", "device_class": "frequency"},
+            {"description": "AC Output Apparent Power", "reading_type": ReadingType.APPARENT_POWER,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.INT, "icon": "mdi:power-plug", "device_class": "apparent_power"},
+            {"description": "AC Output Active Power", "reading_type": ReadingType.WATTS,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.INT, "icon": "mdi:power-plug", "device_class": "power", "state_class": "measurement"},
+            {"description": "AC Output Load", "reading_type": ReadingType.PERCENTAGE,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.INT, "icon": "mdi:brightness-percent"},
+            {"description": "Battery Voltage", "reading_type": ReadingType.VOLTS,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.TEMPLATE_INT, "format_template": "r/10", "icon": "mdi:battery-outline", "device_class": "voltage"},
+            {"description": "Battery Voltage from SCC", "reading_type": ReadingType.VOLTS,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.TEMPLATE_INT, "format_template": "r/10", "icon": "mdi:battery-outline", "device_class": "voltage"},
+            {"description": "Battery Voltage from SCC2", "reading_type": ReadingType.VOLTS,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.TEMPLATE_INT, "format_template": "r/10", "icon": "mdi:battery-outline", "device_class": "voltage"},
+            {"description": "Battery Discharge Current", "reading_type": ReadingType.CURRENT,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.INT, "icon": "mdi:battery-negative", "device_class": "current"},
+            {"description": "Battery Charging Current", "reading_type": ReadingType.CURRENT,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.INT, "icon": "mdi:current-dc", "device_class": "current"},
+            {"description": "Battery Capacity", "reading_type": ReadingType.PERCENTAGE,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.INT, "icon": "mdi:brightness-percent", "device_class": "battery"},
+            {"description": "Inverter heat sink temperature", "reading_type": ReadingType.TEMPERATURE,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.INT, "icon": "mdi:details", "device_class": "temperature"},
+            {"description": "MPPT1 charger temperature", "reading_type": ReadingType.TEMPERATURE,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.INT, "icon": "mdi:details", "device_class": "temperature"},
+            {"description": "MPPT2 charger temperature", "reading_type": ReadingType.TEMPERATURE,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.INT, "icon": "mdi:details", "device_class": "temperature"},
+            {"description": "MPPT1 Input Power", "reading_type": ReadingType.WATTS,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.INT, "icon": "mdi:solar-power", "device_class": "power", "state_class": "measurement"},
+            {"description": "MPPT2 Input Power", "reading_type": ReadingType.WATTS,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.INT, "icon": "mdi:solar-power", "device_class": "power", "state_class": "measurement"},
+            {"description": "MPPT1 Input Voltage", "reading_type": ReadingType.VOLTS,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.TEMPLATE_INT, "format_template": "r/10", "icon": "mdi:solar-power", "device_class": "voltage"},
+            {"description": "MPPT2 Input Voltage", "reading_type": ReadingType.VOLTS,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.TEMPLATE_INT, "format_template": "r/10", "icon": "mdi:solar-power", "device_class": "voltage"},
+            {"description": "Setting value configuration state", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.OPTION, 
+                "options": {
+                    "0": "Nothing changed",
+                    "1": "Something changed",
+                },
+            },
+            {"description": "MPPT1 charger status", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.OPTION,
+                "options": {
+                    "0": "abnormal",
+                    "1": "normal but not charged",
+                    "2": "charging",
+                },
+            },
+            {"description": "MPPT2 charger status", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.OPTION,
+                "options": {
+                    "0": "abnormal",
+                    "1": "normal but not charged",
+                    "2": "charging",
+                },
+            },
+            {"description": "Load connection", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.OPTION,
+                "options": {
+                    "0": "disconnect",
+                    "1": "connect",
+                },
+            },
+            {"description": "Battery power direction", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.OPTION,
+                "options": {
+                    "0": "donothing",
+                    "1": "charge",
+                    "2": "discharge",
+                },
+            },
+            {"description": "DC-AC power direction", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.OPTION,
+                "options": {
+                    "0": "donothing",
+                    "1": "AC-DC",
+                    "2": "DC-AC",
+                },
+            },
+            {"description": "Line power direction", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE, 
+                "response_type": ResponseType.OPTION,
+                "options": {
+                    "0": "donothing",
+                    "1": "input",
+                    "2": "output",
+                },
+            },
+            {"description": "Parallel instance number", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.LIST,
+                "options": ["Not valid", "valid"],
+            },
+
+        ],
+        "test_responses": [
+            b"D1062232,499,2232,499,0971,0710,019,008,000,000,000,000,000,044,000,000,0520,0000,1941,0000,0,2,0,1,0,2,1,0\x09\x7b\r",
+            b"^D1062232,499,2232,499,1406,1376,028,549,000,000,000,010,095,060,000,000,0082,0000,1604,0000,0,2,0,1,1,1,1,0D\x12\r",
+        ],
+    },
+    "MOD": {
+        "name": "MOD",
+        "command_type": CommandType.PI18_QUERY,
+        "description": "Mode inquiry",
+        "result_type": ResultType.SINGLE,
+        "reading_definitions": [
+            {"description": "Device Mode", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.OPTION,
+                "options": {
+                    "00": "Power on",
+                    "01": "Standby",
+                    "02": "Bypass",
+                    "03": "Battery",
+                    "04": "Fault",
+                    "05": "Hybrid mode(Line mode, Grid mode)",
+                }
+            },
+        ],
+        "test_responses": [
+            b"^D00505\xd9\x9f\r",
+        ],
+    },
+    "MCHGCR": {
+        "name": "MCHGCR",
+        "command_type": CommandType.PI18_QUERY,
+        "description": "Max Charging Current Options inquiry",
+        "help": " -- queries the maximum charging current setting of the Inverter",
+        "result_type": ResultType.MULTIVALUED,
+        "reading_definitions": [
+            {"description": "Max Charging Current Options", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE_AMPS,
+                 "response_type": ResponseType.STRING
+            }
+        ],
+        "test_responses": [
+            b"^D034010,020,030,040,050,060,070,080\x161\r",
+        ],
+    },
+    "MUCHGCR": {
+        "name": "MUCHGCR",
+        "command_type": CommandType.PI18_QUERY,
+        "description": "Max Utility Charging Current Options inquiry",
+        "help": " -- queries the maximum utility charging current setting of the Inverter",
+        "result_type": ResultType.MULTIVALUED,
+        "reading_definitions": [
+            {"reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE_AMPS, "description": "Max Utility Charging Current", "response_type": ResponseType.STRING}
+        ],
+        "test_responses": [
+            b"^D038002,010,020,030,040,050,060,070,080\xd01\r"
+        ],
+    },
+     "FLAG": {
+        "name": "FLAG",
+        "command_type": CommandType.PI18_QUERY,
+        "description": "Query enable/disable flag status",
+        "result_type": ResultType.COMMA_DELIMITED,
+        "reading_definitions": [
+            {"description": "Buzzer beep", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE, "response_type": ResponseType.ENABLED_BOOL},
+            {"description": "Overload bypass function", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE, "response_type": ResponseType.ENABLED_BOOL},
+            {"description": "Display back to default page", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE, "response_type": ResponseType.ENABLED_BOOL},
+            {"description": "Overload restart", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE, "response_type": ResponseType.ENABLED_BOOL},
+            {"description": "Over temperature restart", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE, "response_type": ResponseType.ENABLED_BOOL},
+            {"description": "Backlight on", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE, "response_type": ResponseType.ENABLED_BOOL},
+            {"description": "Alarm primary source interrupt", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE, "response_type": ResponseType.ENABLED_BOOL},
+            {"description": "Fault code record", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE, "response_type": ResponseType.ENABLED_BOOL},
+            {"description": "Reserved", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE},
+        ],
+        "test_responses": [
+            b"^D0200,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,12\xc2\x39\r",
+        ],
+    },
+    "VFW": {
+        "name": "VFW",
+        "description": "Device CPU version inquiry",
+        "command_type": CommandType.PI18_QUERY,
+        "result_type": ResultType.COMMA_DELIMITED,
+        "reading_definitions": [
+            {"description": "Main CPU Version", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE},
+            {"description": "Slave 1 CPU Version", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE},
+            {"description": "Slave 2 CPU Version", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE},
+        ],
+        "test_responses": [
+            b"^D02005220,00000,00000\x3e\xf8\r",
+        ],
+    },
+    # Fault + warning bitmap. 2-digit fault code followed by ~32 0/1 warning bits.
+    # Fault-code list cross-referenced with PI30 QPGS (same firmware family).
+    "FWS": {
+        "name": "FWS",
+        "description": "Fault and warning status inquiry",
+        "command_type": CommandType.PI18_QUERY,
+        "result_type": ResultType.COMMA_DELIMITED,
+        "reading_definitions": [
+            {"description": "Fault code", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.OPTION,
+                "options": {
+                    "00": "No fault",
+                    "01": "Fan is locked",
+                    "02": "Over temperature",
+                    "03": "Battery voltage is too high",
+                    "04": "Battery voltage is too low",
+                    "05": "Output short circuited or Over temperature",
+                    "06": "Output voltage is too high",
+                    "07": "Over load time out",
+                    "08": "Bus voltage is too high",
+                    "09": "Bus soft start failed",
+                    "11": "Main relay failed",
+                    "51": "Over current inverter",
+                    "52": "Bus soft start failed",
+                    "53": "Inverter soft start failed",
+                    "54": "Self-test failed",
+                    "55": "Over DC voltage on output of inverter",
+                    "56": "Battery connection is open",
+                    "57": "Current sensor failed",
+                    "58": "Output voltage is too low",
+                    "60": "Inverter negative power",
+                    "71": "Parallel version different",
+                    "72": "Output circuit failed",
+                    "80": "CAN communication failed",
+                    "81": "Parallel host line lost",
+                    "82": "Parallel synchronized signal lost",
+                    "83": "Parallel battery voltage detect different",
+                    "84": "Parallel Line voltage or frequency detect different",
+                    "85": "Parallel Line input current unbalanced",
+                    "86": "Parallel output setting different",
+                }},
+            {"description": "PV loss warning", "response_type": ResponseType.ENABLED_BOOL},
+            {"description": "Inverter fault", "response_type": ResponseType.ENABLED_BOOL},
+            {"description": "Bus over", "response_type": ResponseType.ENABLED_BOOL},
+            {"description": "Bus under", "response_type": ResponseType.ENABLED_BOOL},
+            {"description": "Bus soft fail", "response_type": ResponseType.ENABLED_BOOL},
+            {"description": "Line fail", "response_type": ResponseType.ENABLED_BOOL},
+            {"description": "OPV short", "response_type": ResponseType.ENABLED_BOOL},
+            {"description": "Inverter voltage too low", "response_type": ResponseType.ENABLED_BOOL},
+            {"description": "Inverter voltage too high", "response_type": ResponseType.ENABLED_BOOL},
+            {"description": "Over temperature", "response_type": ResponseType.ENABLED_BOOL},
+            {"description": "Fan locked", "response_type": ResponseType.ENABLED_BOOL},
+            {"description": "Battery voltage high", "response_type": ResponseType.ENABLED_BOOL},
+            {"description": "Battery low alarm", "response_type": ResponseType.ENABLED_BOOL},
+            {"description": "Battery under shutdown", "response_type": ResponseType.ENABLED_BOOL},
+            {"description": "Battery derating", "response_type": ResponseType.ENABLED_BOOL},
+            {"description": "Overload", "response_type": ResponseType.ENABLED_BOOL},
+            {"description": "EEPROM fault", "response_type": ResponseType.ENABLED_BOOL},
+            {"description": "Inverter over current", "response_type": ResponseType.ENABLED_BOOL},
+            {"description": "Inverter soft fail", "response_type": ResponseType.ENABLED_BOOL},
+            {"description": "Self test fail", "response_type": ResponseType.ENABLED_BOOL},
+            {"description": "OP DC voltage over", "response_type": ResponseType.ENABLED_BOOL},
+            {"description": "Battery open", "response_type": ResponseType.ENABLED_BOOL},
+            {"description": "Current sensor fail", "response_type": ResponseType.ENABLED_BOOL},
+            {"description": "Battery short", "response_type": ResponseType.ENABLED_BOOL},
+            {"description": "Power limit", "response_type": ResponseType.ENABLED_BOOL},
+            {"description": "PV voltage high", "response_type": ResponseType.ENABLED_BOOL},
+            {"description": "MPPT overload fault", "response_type": ResponseType.ENABLED_BOOL},
+            {"description": "MPPT overload warning", "response_type": ResponseType.ENABLED_BOOL},
+            {"description": "Battery too low to charge", "response_type": ResponseType.ENABLED_BOOL},
+            {"description": "Battery weak", "response_type": ResponseType.ENABLED_BOOL},
+            {"description": "Battery equalization", "response_type": ResponseType.ENABLED_BOOL},
+        ],
+        "test_responses": [
+            b"^D07100,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0\xaa\xaa\r",
+        ],
+    },
+    # Per-unit parallel view. PGS<n>, n = 0..N-1 (0 is master).
+    # LVX6048 emits a 30-field layout that differs from the PI30 QPGS layout;
+    # only fields confirmed against live responses are semantically named here.
+    # The rest are exposed as raw strings so the command doesn't error out, and
+    # can be tightened later as more firmware rev responses are confirmed.
+    # Observed unit-1 response (Not valid + fault 71 "Parallel version different"):
+    #   0,4,71,2453,599,0000,000,0000,0000,00000,00000,000,211,005,000,000,000,
+    #   000,0008,0000,2925,0000,1,0,0,0,0,0,016
+    "PGS": {
+        "name": "PGS",
+        "description": "Parallel general status inquiry",
+        "help": " -- example: PGS0 queries parallel status for instance 0 (master)",
+        "command_type": CommandType.PI18_QUERY,
+        "result_type": ResultType.COMMA_DELIMITED,
+        "reading_definitions": [
+            {"description": "Parallel instance number", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.LIST, "options": ["Not valid", "valid"]},
+            {"description": "Parallel unit count", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE},
+            {"description": "Fault code", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE},
+            {"description": "Field 4 (raw)", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE},
+            {"description": "Grid frequency", "reading_type": ReadingType.FREQUENCY,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.TEMPLATE_INT, "format_template": "r/10", "device_class": "frequency"},
+            {"description": "AC output voltage", "reading_type": ReadingType.VOLTS,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.TEMPLATE_INT, "format_template": "r/10", "device_class": "voltage"},
+            {"description": "AC output frequency (raw)", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE},
+            {"description": "AC output apparent power", "reading_type": ReadingType.APPARENT_POWER,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.INT, "device_class": "apparent_power"},
+            {"description": "AC output active power", "reading_type": ReadingType.WATTS,
+                "response_type": ResponseType.INT, "device_class": "power"},
+            {"description": "Total AC output apparent power", "reading_type": ReadingType.APPARENT_POWER, "response_type": ResponseType.INT},
+            {"description": "Total AC output active power", "reading_type": ReadingType.WATTS, "response_type": ResponseType.INT},
+            {"description": "Load percentage", "reading_type": ReadingType.PERCENTAGE, "response_type": ResponseType.INT},
+            {"description": "Field 13 (raw)", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE},
+            {"description": "Field 14 (raw)", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE},
+            {"description": "Field 15 (raw)", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE},
+            {"description": "Field 16 (raw)", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE},
+            {"description": "Field 17 (raw)", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE},
+            {"description": "Field 18 (raw)", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE},
+            {"description": "Field 19 (raw)", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE},
+            {"description": "Field 20 (raw)", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE},
+            {"description": "Field 21 (raw)", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE},
+            {"description": "Field 22 (raw)", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE},
+            {"description": "Flag 23 (raw)", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE},
+            {"description": "Flag 24 (raw)", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE},
+            {"description": "Flag 25 (raw)", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE},
+            {"description": "Flag 26 (raw)", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE},
+            {"description": "Flag 27 (raw)", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE},
+            {"description": "Flag 28 (raw)", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE},
+            {"description": "Field 30 (raw)", "reading_type": ReadingType.MESSAGE},
+        ],
+        "test_responses": [
+            b"^D1130,4,71,2453,599,0000,000,0000,0000,00000,00000,000,211,005,000,000,000,000,0008,0000,2925,0000,1,0,0,0,0,0,016\x8f\xad\r",
+        ],
+        "regex": "PGS(\\d+)$",
+    },
+}
+
+COMMANDS_TO_REMOVE = []
+
+
+class PI18(AbstractProtocol):
+    """ pi18 protocol handler """
+    def __str__(self):
+        return "PI18 protocol handler"
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        super().__init__()
+        self.protocol_id = b"PI18"
+        self.add_command_definitions(QUERY_COMMANDS)
+        self.add_command_definitions(SETTER_COMMANDS, result_type=ResultType.PI18_ACK)
+        self.remove_command_definitions(COMMANDS_TO_REMOVE)
+        self.check_definitions_count(expected=26) # Count of all Commands
+        self.add_supported_ports([PortType.SERIAL, PortType.USB])
+
+    def check_crc(self, response: str, command_definition: CommandDefinition = None):
+        """ crc check, override for now """
+        log.debug("check crc for %s in pi18", response)
+        if response.startswith(b"^D") or response.startswith(b"^1") or response.startswith(b"^0"):
+            # get response CRC
+            data_to_check = response[:-3]
+            crc_high, crc_low = crc(data_to_check)
+            # print(crc_high, crc_low)
+            # print(response[-3], response[-2])
+            if (crc_high, crc_low) == (response[-3], response[-2]):
+                return True
+            else:
+                log.info("PI18 response check_crc doesnt match calc (%x, %x), got (%x, %x)", crc_high, crc_low, response[-3], response[-2])
+                raise InvalidCRC(f"PI18 response check_crc doesnt match calc ({crc_high:02x}, {crc_low:02x}), got ({response[-3]:02x}, {response[-2]:02x})")
+        else:
+            log.info("PI18 response doesnt start with ^D - check_crc fails")
+            raise InvalidResponse("PI18 response starts with invalid character - crc check fails")
+
+        log.info("PI18 response check_crc fall through")
+        return False
+
+    def trim_response(self, response: str, command_definition: CommandDefinition = None) -> str:
+        """ Remove extra characters from response """
+        log.debug("trim %s, definition: %s", response, command_definition)
+        if response.startswith(b"^D"):
+            # trim ^Dxxx where xxx is data length
+            response = response[5:]
+        if response.endswith(b'\r'):
+            # has checksum, so trim last 3 chars
+            response = response[:-3]
+        if response.startswith(b'('):
+            # pi30 style response
+            response = response[1:]
+        # if response.startswith(b'^1') or response.startswith(b'^0'):
+        #     # ACK / NACK response
+        #     response = response[1:]
+        return response
+
+    def get_full_command(self, command: str) -> bytes:
+        """ generate the full command including prefix, crc and \n as needed """
+        log.info("Using protocol: %s with %i commands", self.protocol_id, len(self.command_definitions))
+        command_defn = self.get_command_definition(command)
+
+        # raise exception if no command definition is found
+        if command_defn is None:
+            raise CommandDefinitionMissing(f"No definition found in PI18 for {command}")
+
+        # full command is ^PlllCCCcrc\n or ^SlllCCCcrc\n
+        # lll = length of all except ^Dlll
+        # CCC = command
+        # crc = 2 bytes
+        length = len(command) + 3
+        # Determine prefix
+        match command_defn.command_type:
+            case CommandType.PI18_QUERY:
+                prefix = "^P"
+            case CommandType.PI18_SETTER:
+                prefix = "^S"
+            case _:
+                # edge case / default PI30 command / maybe this should raise an error
+                prefix = "("
+        full_command = bytes(f"{prefix}{length:#03d}{command}", "utf-8")
+        crc_high, crc_low = crc(full_command)
+        full_command += bytes([crc_high, crc_low, 13])
+
+        log.debug("full command: %s", full_command)
+        return full_command

LVX6048/powermon-patches/port_config_model.py

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+""" pydantic definitions for the powermon port config model
+"""
+from typing import Literal
+
+from pydantic import Field
+
+from powermon.configmodel import NoExtraBaseModel
+
+
+class BlePortConfig(NoExtraBaseModel):
+    """ model/allowed elements for ble port config """
+    type: Literal["ble"]
+    mac: str
+    protocol: None | str
+    victron_key: None | str = Field(default=None, repr=False)
+
+
+class SerialPortConfig(NoExtraBaseModel):
+    """ model/allowed elements for serial port config """
+    type: Literal["serial"]
+    path: str
+    baud: None | int = Field(default=None)
+    protocol: None | str
+
+
+class UsbPortConfig(NoExtraBaseModel):
+    """ model/allowed elements for usb port config """
+    type: Literal["usb"]
+    path: None | str
+    protocol: None | str
+    serial_number: None | str | int = Field(default=None)
+
+
+class TestPortConfig(NoExtraBaseModel):
+    """ model/allowed elements for test port config """
+    type: Literal["test"]
+    response_number: None | int = Field(default=None)
+    protocol: None | str = Field(default=None)

LVX6048/powermon-patches/ports_init.py

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+""" powermon / ports / __init__.py """
+import logging
+from enum import StrEnum, auto
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
+from powermon.libs.errors import ConfigError
+
+
+# Set-up logger
+log = logging.getLogger("ports")
+
+
+class PortType(StrEnum):
+    """ enumeration of supported / known port types """
+    UNKNOWN = auto()
+    TEST = auto()
+    SERIAL = auto()
+    USB = auto()
+    BLE = auto()
+
+    JKBLE = auto()
+    MQTT = auto()
+    VSERIAL = auto()
+    DALYSERIAL = auto()
+    ESP32 = auto()
+
+
+class PortTypeDTO(BaseModel):
+    """ data transfer model for PortType class """
+    port_type: PortType
+
+def from_config(port_config, serial_number=None):
+    """ get a port object from config data """
+    log.debug("port_config: %s", port_config)
+
+    port_object = None
+    if not port_config:
+        raise ConfigError("no port config supplied")
+
+    # port type is mandatory
+    port_type = port_config.get("type")
+    log.debug("portType: %s", port_type)
+
+    # return None if port type is not defined
+    if port_type is None:
+        return None
+
+    # add serial_number to config — but only if the port config didn't already
+    # specify one. Port-level serial_number is the hardware serial used by
+    # USBPort.resolve_path for wildcard matching; device-level serial_number is
+    # the logical HA identifier and is unrelated.
+    if port_config.get('serial_number') is None:
+        port_config['serial_number'] = serial_number
+
+    # build port object
+    match port_type:
+        case PortType.TEST:
+            from powermon.ports.testport import TestPort
+            port_object = TestPort.from_config(config=port_config)
+        case PortType.SERIAL:
+            from powermon.ports.serialport import SerialPort
+            port_object = SerialPort.from_config(config=port_config)
+        case PortType.USB:
+            from powermon.ports.usbport import USBPort
+            port_object = USBPort.from_config(config=port_config)
+        # Pattern for port types that cause problems when imported
+        case PortType.BLE:
+            log.debug("port_type BLE found")
+            from powermon.ports.bleport import BlePort
+            port_object = BlePort.from_config(config=port_config)
+        case _:
+            log.info("port type object not found for %s", port_type)
+            raise ConfigError(f"Invalid port type: '{port_type}'")
+
+    return port_object

LVX6048/powermon-patches/usbport.py

@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+""" powermon / ports / usbport.py """
+# import asyncio
+import logging
+import os
+import time
+from glob import glob
+
+from powermon.commands.command import Command
+from powermon.commands.result import Result, ResultType
+from powermon.libs.errors import ConfigError, PowermonProtocolError
+from powermon.ports import PortType
+from powermon.ports.abstractport import AbstractPort, _AbstractPortDTO
+from powermon.protocols import get_protocol_definition
+
+log = logging.getLogger("USBPort")
+
+
+class UsbPortDTO(_AbstractPortDTO):
+    """ data transfer model for SerialPort class """
+    path: str
+    serial_number: None | int | str
+
+
+class USBPort(AbstractPort):
+    """ usb port object """
+    @classmethod
+    async def from_config(cls, config=None):
+        log.debug("building usb port. config:%s", config)
+        path = config.get("path", "/dev/hidraw0")
+        serial_number = config.get("serial_number")
+        # get protocol handler, default to PI30 if not supplied
+        protocol = get_protocol_definition(protocol=config.get("protocol", "PI30"))
+        # instantiate class
+        _class = cls(path=path, protocol=protocol)
+        # deal with wildcard path resolution
+        _class.path = await _class.resolve_path(path, serial_number)
+        return _class
+
+    def __init__(self, path, protocol) -> None:
+        self.port_type = PortType.USB
+        super().__init__(protocol=protocol)
+
+        self.path = None
+        self.port = None
+
+
+    async def resolve_path(self, path, serial_number):
+        """Async method to resolve a valid path by testing each one."""
+        # expand 'wildcard'
+        paths = glob(path)
+        if not paths:
+            raise ConfigError(f"No matching paths found on this system for {path}")
+
+        if len(paths) == 1:
+            return paths[0]  # only one valid result
+
+        # More than one valid path
+        # check we have something to look for
+        if serial_number is None:
+            raise ConfigError("Wildcard paths require a serial_number in config.")
+        # check we have get_id in this protocol
+        try:
+            command = self.protocol.get_id_command()
+        except PowermonProtocolError as ex:
+            raise ConfigError(f"No get_id in protocol: {self.protocol.protocol_id}") from ex
+
+        for _path in paths:
+            log.debug("Checking path: %s for serial_number: %s", _path, serial_number)
+            self.path = _path
+            await self.connect()
+            res = await self.send_and_receive(command=command)
+            await self.disconnect()
+
+            if res.is_valid and str(res.readings[0].data_value) == str(serial_number):
+                log.info("SUCCESS: path: %s matches serial_number: %s", _path, serial_number)
+                return _path  # return the matching path
+        raise ConfigError(f"None of the paths match serial_number: {serial_number}")
+
+
+    def to_dto(self):
+        dto = UsbPortDTO(port_type="usb", path=self.path, protocol=self.protocol.to_dto())
+        return dto
+
+    def is_connected(self) -> bool:
+        return self.port is not None
+
+    async def connect(self) -> bool:
+        if self.is_connected():
+            log.debug("USBPort already connected")
+            return True
+        log.debug("USBPort connecting. path:%s, protocol:%s", self.path, self.protocol)
+        try:
+            self.port = os.open(self.path, os.O_RDWR | os.O_NONBLOCK)
+            log.debug("USBPort port number $%s", self.port)
+        except Exception as e:
+            log.warning("Error openning usb port: %s", e)
+            self.port = None
+            self.error_message = e
+        return self.is_connected()
+
+    async def disconnect(self) -> None:
+        log.debug("USBPort disconnecting: %i", self.port)
+        if self.port is not None:
+            os.close(self.port)
+        self.port = None
+
+    async def send_and_receive(self, command: Command) -> Result:
+        if not self.is_connected():
+            log.warning("USBPort not connected")
+            return command.build_result(result_type=ResultType.ERROR, raw_response=b"USBPort not connected", protocol=self.protocol)
+        response_line = bytes()
+
+        # Drain any leftover bytes from previous command's response so we
+        # don't parse them as this command's reply.
+        try:
+            while True:
+                stale = os.read(self.port, 256)
+                if not stale:
+                    break
+                log.debug("drained %i stale bytes: %s", len(stale), stale)
+        except BlockingIOError:
+            pass
+
+        # Send the command to the open usb connection
+        full_command = command.full_command
+        cmd_len = len(full_command)
+        log.debug("length of to_send: %i", cmd_len)
+        # for command of len < 8 it ok just to send
+        # otherwise need to pack to a multiple of 8 bytes and send 8 at a time
+        try:
+            if cmd_len <= 8:
+                # Send all at once
+                log.debug("sending full_command in on shot")
+                time.sleep(0.05)
+                os.write(self.port, full_command)
+            else:
+                log.debug("multiple chunk send")
+                chunks = [full_command[i:i + 8] for i in range(0, cmd_len, 8)]
+                for chunk in chunks:
+                    # pad chunk to 8 bytes
+                    if len(chunk) < 8:
+                        padding = 8 - len(chunk)
+                        chunk += b'\x00' * padding
+                    log.debug("sending chunk: %s", chunk)
+                    time.sleep(0.05)
+                    os.write(self.port, chunk)
+            time.sleep(0.25)
+            # Read from the usb connection
+            # try to a max of 100 times
+            for _ in range(100):
+                # attempt to deal with resource busy and other failures to read
+                time.sleep(0.15)
+                try:
+                    r = os.read(self.port, 256)
+                except BlockingIOError:
+                    continue
+                response_line += r
+                # Finished is \r is in byte_response
+                if bytes([13]) in response_line:
+                    # remove anything after the \r
+                    response_line = response_line[: response_line.find(bytes([13])) + 1]
+                    break
+        except BrokenPipeError as e:
+            log.debug("USB read error: %s", e)
+        log.debug("usb response was: %s", response_line)
+        # response = self.get_protocol().check_response_and_trim(response_line)
+        result = command.build_result(raw_response=response_line, protocol=self.protocol)
+
+        return result

LVX6048/smoketest/console.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+device:
+  name: lvx6048_console
+  serial_number: lvx6048_console
+  port:
+    type: usb
+    path: /dev/lvx6048-1
+    protocol: PI18
+commands:
+  - command: GS
+    trigger:
+      every: 5
+    outputs:
+      - type: screen
+        format: table
+  - command: MOD
+    trigger:
+      every: 10
+    outputs:
+      - type: screen
+        format: table
+  - command: PIRI
+    trigger:
+      every: 300
+    outputs:
+      - type: screen
+        format: table

LVX6048/smoketest/smoketest.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+device:
+  name: lvx6048_smoketest
+  serial_number: lvx6048_smoketest
+  port:
+    type: usb
+    path: /dev/lvx6048-1
+    protocol: PI18
+commands:
+  - command: GS
+    outputs:
+      - type: screen
+        format: table

battery/.claude/settings.local.json

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+{
+  "permissions": {
+    "allow": [
+      "Bash(strings -n 4 \"51.2V 100Ah LP4V2 Auto-Addressing RS485 Z03T21 Firmware.bin\")",
+      "Read(//tmp/**)",
+      "WebSearch",
+      "WebFetch(domain:eg4electronics.com)",
+      "WebFetch(domain:diysolarforum.com)",
+      "WebFetch(domain:github.com)",
+      "WebFetch(domain:raw.githubusercontent.com)"
+    ]
+  }
+}

battery/eg4_lifepower.py

@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""Standalone EG4 LifePower4 (V1/V2) decoder over USB-RS485.
+
+Adapted from Louisvdw/dbus-serialbattery (bms/lifepower.py) stripped of its
+Victron dbus dependencies. Pure pyserial + stdlib.
+
+Frame format (observed on wire, not standard Modbus):
+  request : 7E <addr> <cmd> 00 <chk> 0D          (6 bytes)
+  reply   : 7E ... 0D                            (variable, status payload
+                                                   contains 10 groups of
+                                                   16-bit unsigned ints)
+
+Verified commands: general status (01), firmware ver (33), hardware ver (42).
+Address byte is typically 0x01 for a single battery; multipack setups have the
+master at 0x01 and only the master answers external RS485.
+
+Usage:
+  python3 eg4_lifepower.py                         # auto-detect port
+  python3 eg4_lifepower.py /dev/tty.usbserial-XXX  # explicit port
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import glob
+import sys
+import time
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from struct import unpack_from
+
+import serial  # pip install pyserial
+
+BAUD = 9600
+
+CMD_GENERAL = bytes([0x7E, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0xFE, 0x0D])
+CMD_HW_VER  = bytes([0x7E, 0x01, 0x42, 0x00, 0xFC, 0x0D])
+CMD_FW_VER  = bytes([0x7E, 0x01, 0x33, 0x00, 0xFE, 0x0D])
+
+
+@dataclass
+class Status:
+    cell_voltages: list[float] = field(default_factory=list)  # volts
+    current: float = 0.0                                       # amps (signed, +charge)
+    soc: float = 0.0                                           # percent
+    capacity_ah: float = 0.0
+    temps_c: list[int] = field(default_factory=list)           # up to 6
+    cycles: int = 0
+    pack_voltage: float = 0.0
+    alarms: dict = field(default_factory=dict)
+
+    def summary(self) -> str:
+        cells = self.cell_voltages
+        cmin, cmax = (min(cells), max(cells)) if cells else (0, 0)
+        return (
+            f"pack={self.pack_voltage:6.2f}V  I={self.current:+7.2f}A  "
+            f"SoC={self.soc:5.1f}%  cap={self.capacity_ah:6.2f}Ah  "
+            f"cells={len(cells)} ({cmin:.3f}..{cmax:.3f}V Δ={cmax-cmin:.3f})  "
+            f"temps={self.temps_c}  cycles={self.cycles}  alarms={self.alarms}"
+        )
+
+
+def send(port: serial.Serial, cmd: bytes, read_n: int = 256) -> bytes:
+    port.reset_input_buffer()
+    port.write(cmd)
+    time.sleep(0.2)
+    return port.read(read_n)
+
+
+def parse_status(data: bytes) -> Status:
+    """Parse the general-status reply. Raises ValueError on bad framing."""
+    if not data or data[0] != 0x7E or data[-1] != 0x0D:
+        raise ValueError(f"bad framing: {data.hex(' ')}")
+
+    groups: list[list[int]] = []
+    i = 4  # skip 7E <addr> <cmd> <len>  — payload starts at byte 4
+    for _ in range(10):
+        if i + 2 > len(data):
+            raise ValueError("truncated payload")
+        group_len = data[i + 1]
+        end = i + 2 + (group_len * 2)
+        payload = data[i + 2 : end]
+        values = [unpack_from(">H", payload, k)[0] for k in range(0, len(payload), 2)]
+        groups.append(values)
+        i = end
+
+    s = Status()
+    s.cell_voltages = [(v & 0x7FFF) / 1000 for v in groups[0]]
+    s.current = (30000 - groups[1][0]) / 100
+    s.soc = groups[2][0] / 100
+    s.capacity_ah = groups[3][0] / 100
+    s.temps_c = [(t & 0xFF) - 50 for t in groups[4][:6]]
+    flags = groups[5][1] if len(groups[5]) > 1 else 0
+    s.alarms = {
+        "current_over":    bool(flags & 0b00001000),
+        "voltage_high":    bool(flags & 0b00010000),
+        "voltage_low":     bool(flags & 0b00100000),
+        "temp_high_chg":   bool(flags & 0b01000000),
+        "temp_low_chg":    bool(flags & 0b10000000),
+    }
+    s.cycles = groups[6][0]
+    s.pack_voltage = groups[7][0] / 100
+    return s
+
+
+def decode_ascii(data: bytes) -> str:
+    return data.decode("ascii", errors="ignore").strip()
+
+
+def autodetect() -> str | None:
+    for pat in ("/dev/tty.usbserial*", "/dev/tty.usbmodem*", "/dev/ttyUSB*", "/dev/ttyACM*"):
+        hits = glob.glob(pat)
+        if hits:
+            return hits[0]
+    return None
+
+
+def main() -> None:
+    port_path = sys.argv[1] if len(sys.argv) > 1 else autodetect()
+    if not port_path:
+        sys.exit("no serial port found; pass one explicitly")
+    print(f"opening {port_path} @ {BAUD} 8N1")
+    with serial.Serial(port_path, BAUD, bytesize=8, parity="N", stopbits=1, timeout=1.5) as p:
+        hw = send(p, CMD_HW_VER)
+        fw = send(p, CMD_FW_VER)
+        if hw:
+            print(f"hw: {decode_ascii(hw)}")
+        if fw:
+            print(f"fw: {decode_ascii(fw)}")
+        raw = send(p, CMD_GENERAL)
+        print(f"raw ({len(raw)}B): {raw.hex(' ')}")
+        if raw:
+            print(parse_status(raw).summary())
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

battery/probe.py

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""Sanity-check byte-level probe for EG4 LifePower4 V2 over USB-RS485.
+
+Sends the 'general status' frame and prints the raw reply. If you see bytes
+starting with 0x7E coming back, the protocol is confirmed and eg4_lifepower.py
+will decode them.
+
+Usage:
+  python3 probe.py                        # auto-detect likely USB-serial port
+  python3 probe.py /dev/tty.usbserial-XXX # explicit port
+  python3 probe.py COM5                   # Windows
+"""
+import sys
+import time
+import glob
+import serial  # pip install pyserial
+
+BAUD = 9600
+CMDS = {
+    "general":  bytes.fromhex("7E01010000FE0D"[:-2] + "0D"),  # 7E 01 01 00 FE 0D
+    "hw_ver":   bytes.fromhex("7E01420000FC0D"[:-2] + "0D"),  # 7E 01 42 00 FC 0D
+    "fw_ver":   bytes.fromhex("7E01330000FE0D"[:-2] + "0D"),  # 7E 01 33 00 FE 0D
+}
+# (the [:-2]+"0D" dance above is just to keep the literal aligned with the
+# canonical 6-byte frames documented upstream; simpler form below)
+CMDS = {
+    "general": bytes([0x7E, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0xFE, 0x0D]),
+    "hw_ver":  bytes([0x7E, 0x01, 0x42, 0x00, 0xFC, 0x0D]),
+    "fw_ver":  bytes([0x7E, 0x01, 0x33, 0x00, 0xFE, 0x0D]),
+}
+
+
+def autodetect() -> str | None:
+    candidates = (
+        glob.glob("/dev/tty.usbserial*")     # macOS FTDI/CH340
+        + glob.glob("/dev/tty.usbmodem*")    # macOS CDC-ACM
+        + glob.glob("/dev/ttyUSB*")          # Linux FTDI/CH340
+        + glob.glob("/dev/ttyACM*")          # Linux CDC-ACM
+    )
+    return candidates[0] if candidates else None
+
+
+def probe(port: str) -> None:
+    print(f"opening {port} @ {BAUD} 8N1")
+    with serial.Serial(port, BAUD, bytesize=8, parity="N", stopbits=1, timeout=1.5) as s:
+        for name, cmd in CMDS.items():
+            s.reset_input_buffer()
+            s.write(cmd)
+            time.sleep(0.2)
+            reply = s.read(256)
+            print(f"\n[{name}] sent {cmd.hex(' ')}")
+            if reply:
+                print(f"  got  ({len(reply)} bytes) {reply.hex(' ')}")
+                if reply[0] == 0x7E and reply[-1] == 0x0D:
+                    print("  -> frame looks valid (7E ... 0D)")
+            else:
+                print("  got  (nothing — timeout)")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    port = sys.argv[1] if len(sys.argv) > 1 else autodetect()
+    if not port:
+        sys.exit("no serial port found; pass one explicitly: python3 probe.py /dev/tty.usbserial-XXXX")
+    probe(port)

battery/requirements.txt

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pyserial>=3.5

battery/sweep.py

@@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""Address sweep + protocol probe for EG4 LifePower4 over USB-RS485.
+
+Tries three candidate protocols across a range of unit addresses:
+  1. Legacy 7E/0D binary framing    — addresses 0x00..0x10
+  2. PACE BMS V25 (ASCII-hex inside 7E/0D) — addresses 0x01..0x10
+     Used by Pylontech, Solark, Deye, Lux, Growatt, MegaRev, etc.
+  3. Standard Modbus RTU (fn 0x03)  — addresses 1..16, reads 39 holding regs
+
+Any non-empty reply is printed raw. First byte tells you which protocol:
+  - 7E + ASCII-hex payload = PACE V25
+  - 7E + binary payload    = legacy
+  - matching addr byte + 0x03 = Modbus
+
+Usage:
+  python3 sweep.py                         # auto-detect port, 9600
+  python3 sweep.py /dev/ttyUSB0            # explicit port
+  python3 sweep.py /dev/ttyUSB0 19200      # explicit port + baud
+"""
+import glob
+import sys
+import time
+
+import serial  # pip install pyserial
+
+DEFAULT_BAUD = 9600
+
+
+def autodetect() -> str | None:
+    for pat in ("/dev/tty.usbserial*", "/dev/tty.usbmodem*", "/dev/ttyUSB*", "/dev/ttyACM*"):
+        hits = glob.glob(pat)
+        if hits:
+            return hits[0]
+    return None
+
+
+def frame_7e(addr: int, cmd: int = 0x01, length: int = 0x00) -> bytes:
+    chk = (0x100 - (addr + cmd + length)) & 0xFF
+    return bytes([0x7E, addr, cmd, length, chk, 0x0D])
+
+
+def crc16_modbus(data: bytes) -> int:
+    crc = 0xFFFF
+    for b in data:
+        crc ^= b
+        for _ in range(8):
+            crc = (crc >> 1) ^ 0xA001 if crc & 1 else crc >> 1
+    return crc
+
+
+def frame_modbus(addr: int, func: int = 0x03, start: int = 0x0000, count: int = 39) -> bytes:
+    body = bytes([addr, func, start >> 8, start & 0xFF, count >> 8, count & 0xFF])
+    crc = crc16_modbus(body)
+    return body + bytes([crc & 0xFF, crc >> 8])  # Modbus CRC is LSB-first on wire
+
+
+def _pace_lenid(n: int) -> int:
+    """V25 LENID = (lchecksum << 12) | (n & 0x0FFF); lchecksum per PACE spec."""
+    s = ((n >> 8) & 0x0F) + ((n >> 4) & 0x0F) + (n & 0x0F)
+    lchk = ((~s) + 1) & 0x0F
+    return (lchk << 12) | (n & 0x0FFF)
+
+
+def frame_pace(addr: int, ver: int = 0x20, cid1: int = 0x4A, cid2: int = 0x42, info: bytes = b"") -> bytes:
+    """Build a PACE BMS request frame (ASCII-hex inside ~…\\r).
+
+    Defaults reproduce the EG4 LifePower4 V20 read-analog frame verified against
+    nkinnan/esphome-pace-bms: ver=0x20 (V20), cid1=0x4A (EG4/Narada family),
+    cid2=0x42 (read analog), empty INFO payload (EG4 variant — busId is *not*
+    repeated in the payload, unlike generic PACE). Known-good at addr 1:
+        ~20014A420000FDA2\\r
+    """
+    info_ascii = info.hex().upper().encode()
+    lenid = _pace_lenid(len(info_ascii))
+    body = f"{ver:02X}{addr:02X}{cid1:02X}{cid2:02X}{lenid:04X}".encode() + info_ascii
+    chksum = ((-sum(body)) & 0xFFFF)
+    return b"~" + body + f"{chksum:04X}".encode() + b"\r"
+
+
+def exchange(port: serial.Serial, tx: bytes, wait: float = 0.25, read_n: int = 256) -> bytes:
+    port.reset_input_buffer()
+    port.write(tx)
+    time.sleep(wait)
+    return port.read(read_n)
+
+
+def classify_7e(rx: bytes) -> str:
+    if not rx:
+        return ""
+    if rx[0] == 0x7E and rx.endswith(b"\x0D"):
+        return " <- 7E framed reply"
+    return " <- unexpected bytes"
+
+
+def classify_pace(rx: bytes) -> str:
+    if not rx:
+        return ""
+    if rx[0] == 0x7E and rx.endswith(b"\r"):
+        # V25 payload is ASCII-hex between ~ and \r
+        mid = rx[1:-1]
+        if mid.isascii() and all(c in b"0123456789ABCDEFabcdef" for c in mid):
+            return " <- PACE V25 reply"
+        return " <- 7E-framed but non-ASCII (likely legacy, not V25)"
+    return " <- unexpected bytes"
+
+
+def classify_modbus(rx: bytes, addr: int) -> str:
+    if not rx:
+        return ""
+    if len(rx) >= 3 and rx[0] == addr and rx[1] == 0x03:
+        return " <- Modbus reply"
+    if len(rx) >= 3 and rx[0] == addr and rx[1] == 0x83:
+        return f" <- Modbus exception (code {rx[2]:#04x})"
+    return " <- unexpected bytes"
+
+
+COMMON_BAUDS = (9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200)
+
+
+def passive_listen(port_path: str, seconds: int = 15) -> None:
+    """Open at each baud for N seconds and dump whatever the pack transmits
+    unsolicited. If the pack is in broadcast mode (Pylontech CAN-style,
+    Victron, some Growatt modes), we'll see frames arrive without asking.
+    """
+    print(f"passive listen on {port_path} — {seconds}s per baud")
+    for baud in COMMON_BAUDS:
+        try:
+            with serial.Serial(port_path, baud, bytesize=8, parity="N", stopbits=1, timeout=0.25) as p:
+                p.reset_input_buffer()
+                deadline = time.monotonic() + seconds
+                buf = bytearray()
+                while time.monotonic() < deadline:
+                    chunk = p.read(256)
+                    if chunk:
+                        buf.extend(chunk)
+                ascii_preview = buf.decode("ascii", errors="replace") if buf else ""
+                tag = "  <- traffic!" if buf else ""
+                print(f"  @ {baud:6d} 8N1: {len(buf):4d}B{tag}")
+                if buf:
+                    print(f"    hex:   {buf.hex(' ')}")
+                    print(f"    ascii: {ascii_preview!r}")
+        except serial.SerialException as e:
+            print(f"  @ {baud}: {e}")
+
+
+def quick_baud_scan(port_path: str) -> None:
+    """At addr 0x01, send one legacy + one V25 + one Modbus frame at each baud.
+    Any non-empty reply means we've found the right baud + a protocol that the
+    pack is willing to answer — then rerun the full sweep at that baud.
+    """
+    print(f"opening {port_path} — scanning baud rates {COMMON_BAUDS}")
+    for baud in COMMON_BAUDS:
+        try:
+            with serial.Serial(port_path, baud, bytesize=8, parity="N", stopbits=1, timeout=2.0) as p:
+                print(f"\n  @ {baud} 8N1:")
+                for label, tx in (
+                    ("legacy", frame_7e(0x01)),
+                    ("pace",   frame_pace(0x01)),
+                    ("modbus", frame_modbus(0x01)),
+                ):
+                    rx = exchange(p, tx, wait=0.3)
+                    tag = ""
+                    if rx:
+                        tag = " <- REPLY!"
+                    print(f"    {label:7s}: tx {tx.hex(' ')}  rx ({len(rx):3d}B) {rx.hex(' ')}{tag}")
+        except serial.SerialException as e:
+            print(f"  @ {baud}: {e}")
+
+
+def sweep(port_path: str, baud: int) -> None:
+    print(f"opening {port_path} @ {baud} 8N1 (2s timeout)")
+    with serial.Serial(port_path, baud, bytesize=8, parity="N", stopbits=1, timeout=2.0) as p:
+        print("\n[7E protocol  —  general-status sweep]")
+        for addr in range(0x00, 0x11):
+            tx = frame_7e(addr)
+            rx = exchange(p, tx)
+            print(f"  addr 0x{addr:02X}: tx {tx.hex(' ')}  rx ({len(rx):3d}B) {rx.hex(' ')}{classify_7e(rx)}")
+
+        print("\n[PACE V20 (EG4/Narada variant)  —  read-analog-data sweep]")
+        for addr in list(range(0x01, 0x11)) + [0xFF]:  # include broadcast 0xFF
+            tx = frame_pace(addr)
+            rx = exchange(p, tx, wait=0.35)
+            print(f"  addr 0x{addr:02X}: tx {tx.decode('ascii', errors='replace').strip()!r}  rx ({len(rx):3d}B) {rx.hex(' ')}{classify_pace(rx)}")
+
+        print("\n[Modbus RTU  —  read 39 holding regs sweep]")
+        for addr in range(1, 17):
+            tx = frame_modbus(addr)
+            rx = exchange(p, tx)
+            print(f"  addr 0x{addr:02X}: tx {tx.hex(' ')}  rx ({len(rx):3d}B) {rx.hex(' ')}{classify_modbus(rx, addr)}")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    args = sys.argv[1:]
+    scan_only = "--scan" in args
+    listen_only = "--listen" in args
+    args = [a for a in args if a not in ("--scan", "--listen")]
+    port = args[0] if args else autodetect()
+    if not port:
+        sys.exit("no serial port found; pass one explicitly")
+    if listen_only:
+        passive_listen(port)
+        sys.exit(0)
+    if scan_only or len(args) < 2:
+        quick_baud_scan(port)
+        if scan_only:
+            sys.exit(0)
+    baud = int(args[1]) if len(args) > 1 else DEFAULT_BAUD
+    sweep(port, baud)

eg4battery/Install.md

@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+# EG4 LifePower4 v2 → HA Monitoring Install
+
+Target: Debian-family Linux (developed on Raspberry Pi CM5), one USB-to-RS-485
+adapter per pack's **RS485** socket, HA MQTT broker on the LAN.
+
+> **Shortcut:** [`install.sh`](./install.sh) automates §3–§7 and supports
+> `--dry-run` for a no-hardware smoke test. This doc explains what it does
+> and how to do it by hand.
+
+Path conventions: `$BASE` = root of this package (e.g. `~/solar/eg4battery`).
+
+## 1. Prerequisites
+
+- `uv` on `$PATH` ([docs](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/))
+- `sudo`
+- **One USB-to-RS-485 adapter per pack**. FTDI-based is what we've tested
+  (FT232R + MAX485 combo, identified by the Linux kernel as `FT232R USB UART`
+  with a unique serial-number suffix). CH340 / CP210x also fine — adjust
+  the udev rule's vendor/product ID.
+
+## 2. Cabling — read this before wiring
+
+LP4V2 back panel has four RJ45 sockets: `CAN`, `RS485`, `Comm1`, `Comm2`.
+Only `RS485` is relevant for our daemon:
+
+| Socket | Use for monitoring?                                                 |
+|--------|---------------------------------------------------------------------|
+| CAN    | No — separate bus, CAN signaling, for inverter BMS comms             |
+| RS485  | **Yes.** External monitor port. Pin 1-2 = B/A. Modbus RTU at 9600.   |
+| Comm1  | No — inter-pack hub bus (19200 Modbus). Leave for pack daisy-chain.  |
+| Comm2  | No — same internal bus as Comm1.                                     |
+
+The stock EG4 USB-RS-485 cable (included with each pack) is already wired
+correctly for the RS485 socket (pins 1-2 / A-B).
+
+**Topology**: each pack gets its own adapter plugged into its **RS485** socket.
+No daisy chain required for monitoring — each pack is a dedicated bus. The
+Comm1↔Comm2 daisy chain between packs is separate and carries the inter-pack
+hub bus (not our concern).
+
+## 3. udev rule
+
+Grants `dialout` group access to FTDI USB-serial adapters.
+
+```bash
+sudo install -m 644 "$BASE/etc/udev/rules.d/99-eg4-rs485.rules" \
+                    /etc/udev/rules.d/99-eg4-rs485.rules
+sudo udevadm control --reload-rules
+sudo udevadm trigger --subsystem-match=tty
+ls -l /dev/serial/by-id/        # expect one symlink per adapter
+```
+
+## 4. Daemon binary
+
+```bash
+sudo install -m 755 "$BASE/bin/eg4-battery" /usr/local/bin/eg4-battery
+```
+
+uv handles deps; no venv work on your side.
+
+## 5. Config
+
+Canonical template: [`config/eg4-battery.yaml.example`](./config/eg4-battery.yaml.example).
+
+```bash
+mkdir -p ~/.config/eg4-battery
+install -m 600 "$BASE/config/eg4-battery.yaml.example" \
+               ~/.config/eg4-battery/eg4-battery.yaml
+# Edit — see "mode selection" below
+```
+
+### 5a. mode selection
+
+- **`modbus_per_pack`** (default / recommended). Each pack listed with its own
+  `port:`, `address:` and `baud:` — the daemon opens one serial port per pack
+  and polls each independently.
+  ```yaml
+  bus:
+    mode: modbus_per_pack
+    timeout_s: 1.0
+    poll_interval_s: 10.0
+  packs:
+    - name: lifepower4_1
+      address: 0x40
+      port: /dev/serial/by-id/usb-FTDI_FT232R_USB_UART_<ID1>-if00-port0
+      baud: 9600
+    - name: lifepower4_2
+      address: 0x40
+      port: /dev/serial/by-id/usb-FTDI_FT232R_USB_UART_<ID2>-if00-port0
+      baud: 9600
+  ```
+
+- **`active`** (legacy, V1 hardware only) — single shared bus, EG4 7E/0D
+  protocol at 9600. Not used on V2 Auto-Addressing hardware.
+
+- **`passive`** (diagnostic) — listen-only Modbus sniff at 19200. See
+  [`NOTES.md`](./NOTES.md) "Modes" for details.
+
+### 5b. MQTT creds
+
+Replace `<MQTT_BROKER_IP>`, `<MQTT_USER>`, `<MQTT_PASSWORD>`. `install.sh`
+will not auto-start the service while those placeholders remain.
+
+## 6. Smoke test without hardware
+
+```bash
+eg4-battery -C ~/.config/eg4-battery/eg4-battery.yaml --dry-run
+```
+
+Mock transport, one cycle per pack, prints every discovery-config and
+state-topic / payload to stdout. Confirms the pipeline end-to-end before
+hardware is involved.
+
+## 7. systemd
+
+```bash
+sudo install -m 644 "$BASE/etc/systemd/system/eg4-battery.service" \
+                    /etc/systemd/system/
+sudo systemctl daemon-reload
+sudo systemctl enable --now eg4-battery.service
+journalctl -u eg4-battery.service -f
+```
+
+Service includes `Environment=PATH=…` so uv is found under systemd.
+
+## 8. Bring up additional packs
+
+When a new pack comes online:
+
+1. Plug its adapter into the pack's **RS485** socket and power the pack.
+2. `ls -l /dev/serial/by-id/` — note the new symlink.
+3. Add / update an entry in `~/.config/eg4-battery/eg4-battery.yaml`:
+   ```yaml
+   - name: lifepower4_N
+     address: 0x40
+     port: /dev/serial/by-id/usb-FTDI_FT232R_USB_UART_<ID>-if00-port0
+     baud: 9600
+   ```
+4. `sudo systemctl restart eg4-battery.service`. The journal shows
+   `pack lifepower4_N: recovered after N failed cycle(s)` within ~10 s when
+   the pack starts responding, and HA auto-discovers ~65 entities.
+
+## 9. Verify MQTT flow
+
+```bash
+# modbus_per_pack: all named + raw register entities per pack
+mosquitto_sub -h <broker> -u mqtt -P <pass> \
+    -t 'homeassistant/sensor/lifepower4_+_pack_voltage/state' \
+    -t 'homeassistant/sensor/lifepower4_+_soc/state' \
+    -t 'homeassistant/sensor/lifepower4_+_cell_voltage_delta_mv/state' \
+    -v
+```
+
+## 10. Swapping modes later
+
+Change `bus.mode` in the config, restart the service. Config reshape varies
+per mode — see §5a. No binary redeploy needed.

eg4battery/NOTES.md

@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+# EG4 LifePower4 v2 — architecture & protocol notes
+
+## Modes — choose per deployment
+
+`bus.mode` in the config picks one of three daemon modes:
+
+| Mode             | Wire protocol        | Baud  | Role           | Status                                                     |
+|------------------|----------------------|-------|----------------|------------------------------------------------------------|
+| `modbus_per_pack`| Modbus RTU, fn 0x03  | 9600  | master (per pack)| **Primary path for LP4V2 Auto-Addressing.** One FTDI per pack's RS485 port, polls once per cycle, fully decodes into named HA entities. |
+| `active`         | EG4 7E/0D legacy     | 9600  | master (shared) | **Legacy.** V1 firmware only. V2 packs don't respond to this protocol — kept for reference. |
+| `passive`        | Modbus RTU sniff     | 19200 | listener        | **Diagnostic.** Originally intended to listen on an LVX6048 BMS bus; the LVX6048 doesn't poll EG4 packs that way, so has no production use here. |
+
+## How we got here (summary)
+
+1. **Port matrix test** (2026-04-24). Established that the LP4V2 back panel's four RJ45s (CAN / RS485 / Comm1 / Comm2) carry three distinct electrical buses:
+   - Comm1 + Comm2 = inter-pack hub bus (19200 Modbus, master-to-slave coordination). Pin 1-2 and pin 7-8 both tap the same bus.
+   - RS485 = external monitor bus. Inactive until an external master drives it.
+   - CAN = separate bus, not in scope.
+2. **EG4 BMS Tool capture.** User confirmed the stock Windows/macOS BMS Tool connects to the RS485 port at 9600 baud, Modbus slave ID **0x40**. Our first canonical Modbus probe at that address returned a clean 99-byte reply.
+3. **`lv_host.app` reverse-engineering.** The BMS Tool is a Qt app. Its Mach-O binary contains:
+   - SQLite schema for the `total` table → complete list of 39 fields the BMS Tool stores per cycle.
+   - String-table names for warning / protection bit flags.
+   - C++ symbols `BmsDatalog::allFunctionModbusAnalysis`, `BmsMonitoring::allFunctionModbusAnalysis`, `usModbusAskRegBase` etc. → confirms Modbus RTU fn 0x03 read-holding-regs.
+4. **Register map construction.** Correlated live register values (cell voltages, pack V) against the SQL field list to derive the 47-reg map below. High-confidence fields promoted to named HA entities; unknowns still emitted as `register_NN` for future correlation.
+
+## Register map (Modbus fn 0x03, start 0x0000, count 47)
+
+From live observation + lv_host.app schema:
+
+| Reg   | Observed     | Field               | Scale   | Unit | HA entity suffix     |
+|-------|--------------|---------------------|---------|------|----------------------|
+| 00    | 5256         | Total_Voltage       | × 0.01  | V    | `pack_voltage`       |
+| 01    | 0 (signed)   | Current_I           | × 0.01  | A    | `pack_current`       |
+| 02-17 | ~3285 each   | Vol_Cell01..16      | × 0.001 | V    | `cell_01_voltage`..`cell_16_voltage` + `cell_voltage_min/max/delta_mv/lowest/highest` |
+| 18    | 21           | Temp_01             | × 1     | °C   | `temperature_01`     |
+| 19    | 21           | Temp_02             | × 1     | °C   | `temperature_02`     |
+| 20    | 20           | Temp_03             | × 1     | °C   | `temperature_03`     |
+| 21    | 54           | Temp_04             | × 1     | °C   | `temperature_04`     |
+| 22    | 100          | SOC                 | × 1     | %    | `soc`                |
+| 23    | 100          | SOH                 | × 1     | %    | `soh`                |
+| 24    | 55           | Temp_PCB            | × 1     | °C   | `temperature_pcb`    |
+| 25-29 | 0            | reserved            |         |      | (register_NN only)   |
+| 30    | 1            | Heater (bit 0)      |         |      | `heater` (on/off)    |
+| 31    | 5493         | MAX_Curren          | × 0.01  | A    | `max_current_limit`  |
+| 32    | 10752        | *?*                 |         |      | (register_32)        |
+| 33    | ?            | Warning bitfield    |         |      | `warning_*` (14 bits)|
+| 34    | ?            | Protection bitfield |         |      | `protection_*` (14 bits)|
+| 35    | 0            | Error_Code          |         |      | `error_code`         |
+| 36    | 16           | Cell_Num            |         |      | `cell_count`         |
+| 37    | 1000         | Capacity            | × 0.1   | Ah   | `capacity_ah`        |
+| 38    | 0            | Remaining           | × 0.01  | Ah   | `remaining_ah`       |
+| 39    | 0            | CycleNum            |         |      | `cycle_count`        |
+| 40    | 7            | Battery_Mode (enum) |         |      | `battery_mode`       |
+| 41    | 0x0fff       | BMS_Version (hi)    |         |      | `bms_version_hi`     |
+| 42    | 0x07ff       | BMS_Version (lo)    |         |      | `bms_version_lo`     |
+| 43-45 | —            | *?*                 |         |      | (register_NN only)   |
+| 46    | +1.25 Hz     | runtime counter     | × 0.1 s?|      | `uptime_ds`          |
+
+**Confidence levels**: Bold-worthy certain (confirmed by live values + UI labels): pack_voltage, cells 01-16, SOC, SOH, cell_count, capacity_ah. Medium (fits data, unverified): temps, current, bitfields, Battery_Mode. Unknown: regs 32, 35 (probably Error_Code but value always 0 so far), 38-40, 43-45.
+
+## Warning / protection bit maps
+
+From the UI labels in lv_host.app (bit 0 = first listed):
+
+| Bit | Warning (reg 33)  | Protection (reg 34) |
+|-----|-------------------|---------------------|
+| 0   | pack_ov           | pack_ov             |
+| 1   | cell_ov           | cell_ov             |
+| 2   | pack_uv           | pack_uv             |
+| 3   | cell_uv           | cell_uv             |
+| 4   | charge_oc         | charge_oc           |
+| 5   | discharge_oc      | discharge_oc        |
+| 6   | temp_anomaly      | temp_anomaly        |
+| 7   | mos_ot            | mos_ot              |
+| 8   | charge_ot         | charge_ot           |
+| 9   | discharge_ot      | discharge_ot        |
+| 10  | charge_ut         | charge_ut           |
+| 11  | discharge_ut      | discharge_ut        |
+| 12  | low_capacity      | float_stopped       |
+| 13  | other_error       | discharge_sc        |
+
+Each bit becomes an HA sensor reporting `on` / `off`. Exact bit ordering is guessed from UI display order — adjust if the EG4 tool ever shows a flag we don't match.
+
+## Hardware topology notes
+
+### Critical: RS485 port only works when the pack is standalone
+
+**Empirical finding** (2026-04-24): the LP4V2's external `RS485` port
+only answers Modbus queries when the pack is **not** daisy-chained to
+other packs via `Comm1`/`Comm2`. Specifically:
+
+- With daisy chains intact (bat1 Comm2 → bat2 Comm1 etc.), one pack
+  elects as master and polls slaves over the internal hub bus
+  (19200 Modbus on Comm1/Comm2). Slave packs' RS485 ports go silent —
+  only the master responds externally.
+- Remove the inter-pack Comm jumpers and each pack becomes a
+  self-contained master: its Comm1/Comm2 LEDs flash (it's trying to
+  poll slaves that aren't there), and its own RS485 port becomes fully
+  live for external queries.
+
+**Implication**: `modbus_per_pack` mode requires **each pack standalone**
+— one FTDI adapter per pack's RS485 port, no inter-pack Comm jumpers.
+This is how we got bat1 responding cleanly. If the batteries later
+need to be daisy-chained to an inverter, only the master pack's RS485
+port will answer external queries; slave per-pack data would need to
+come from decoding the Comm1/Comm2 hub bus instead (a future mode).
+
+### Port roles on the LP4V2 pack (from the port matrix test)
+
+| Port  | Role                           | Pins carrying signal    | Protocol / baud       |
+|-------|--------------------------------|-------------------------|-----------------------|
+| CAN   | Inverter CAN comms             | (CAN-specific pinout)   | CANbus (not RS-485)   |
+| RS485 | External monitor               | 1-2                     | Modbus RTU @ 9600     |
+| Comm1 | Inter-pack hub bus (in/out)    | 1-2 and 7-8 both tap it | Modbus RTU @ 19200    |
+| Comm2 | Inter-pack hub bus (in/out)    | 1-2 and 7-8 both tap it | Modbus RTU @ 19200    |
+
+- The **stock USB-RS485 cable** ships wired to pins 1-2 — usable on either Comm or RS485.
+- The **pin 7-8 modified cable** only gains us the Comm/Comm2 hub-bus tap; since pins 1-2 reach the same bus, it's not strictly necessary. Kept in the toolkit for diagnostic purposes.
+- Factory inter-pack jumpers (between packs) are 8-conductor CAT5 — they carry both pin pairs.
+
+### Adapters
+
+On this host, three USB-FTDI adapters are plugged into the three packs' RS485 ports:
+
+| Adapter ID       | Pack           | `/dev/serial/by-id/...`                                |
+|------------------|----------------|--------------------------------------------------------|
+| A994XMVK         | bat1 (RS485)   | `usb-FTDI_FT232R_USB_UART_A994XMVK-if00-port0`         |
+| A994XGUY         | bat2 (RS485)   | `usb-FTDI_FT232R_USB_UART_A994XGUY-if00-port0`         |
+| A994XMBR         | bat3 (RS485)   | `usb-FTDI_FT232R_USB_UART_A994XMBR-if00-port0`         |
+
+Each pack gets polled on its own bus → no shared-bus arbitration, no master/slave coordination needed, pack Modbus address is 0x40 for all of them.
+
+## LVX6048 compatibility (still true)
+
+LVX6048 BMS port protocols: `PYL` (Pylontech), `LIb` (MPP LIO), `WEC` (WECO), `SOL` (Soltaro), `VSC` (Pylontech-CAN), `USE` (voltage-only). **No native EG4 LP4V2 support.** For inverter↔battery comms, set `P05/P14 = USE` and manage charge profile via `lvx-flash`. See DIY Solar Forum threads 67496 & 96019, LVX6048WP manual §9-2.
+
+## Bring-up checklist (when a new pack goes live)
+
+1. Wire: plug USB-FTDI adapter (stock pin-1-2 cable) into the pack's **RS485** port.
+2. Confirm the pack's BMS is powered (LEDs steady on Comm1 + Comm2, not dark).
+3. Verify the `/dev/serial/by-id/...` symlink exists for the adapter.
+4. Add a pack entry to the config:
+   ```yaml
+   packs:
+     - name: lifepower4_N
+       address: 0x40
+       port: /dev/serial/by-id/usb-FTDI_...-if00-port0
+       baud: 9600
+   ```
+5. `sudo systemctl restart eg4-battery.service`. Watch journal — within ~10 s you should see the first MQTT publish, or `WARNING: no/bad response` if the pack isn't answering.
+6. In HA: `EG4 LifePower4 lifepower4_N` device appears with ~65 auto-discovered entities.
+
+## Sources / references
+
+- `lv_host.app` (Qt) — Contents/MacOS/lv_host Mach-O binary + my1.db/my2.db SQLite schemas
+- `../battery/eg4_lifepower.py` — V1 7E/0D decoder (Louisvdw/dbus-serialbattery port), historical reference
+- `../battery/sweep.py` — protocol + baud scanner used for initial triage
+- EG4 "Cables Needed for Updating" PDF
+- EG4 Community Forum: "Specs for LifePower4 V2 BAT-COM ports"
+- LVX6048WP manual §9-2 (BMS pinout), §Programs P03/P05

eg4battery/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+# EG4 LifePower4 v2 → Home Assistant
+
+Daemon that polls EG4 LifePower4 48V 100Ah v2 (Auto-Addressing) packs over
+RS-485 and publishes per-pack telemetry to MQTT with HA auto-discovery.
+
+## Status: live
+
+As of 2026-04-24, `bat1` is live via `modbus_per_pack` mode on its RS485 port,
+reporting all ~65 entities into HA:
+
+```
+lifepower4_1_pack_voltage            52.56 V     (16 cells × 3.285 V)
+lifepower4_1_cell_01_voltage         3.285 V
+lifepower4_1_cell_16_voltage         3.285 V
+lifepower4_1_cell_voltage_delta_mv   2           (outstanding balance)
+lifepower4_1_soc                     100 %
+lifepower4_1_capacity_ah             100.0 Ah
+lifepower4_1_temperature_01          21 °C
+lifepower4_1_temperature_pcb         55 °C
+... plus 14 warning bits, 14 protection bits, all 47 raw registers
+```
+
+`bat2` and `bat3` are wired but unpowered — the daemon logs one warning per
+unreachable pack per startup and keeps retrying silently. They'll come online
+automatically when the user powers them up.
+
+## Modes
+
+Set by `bus.mode` in `~/.config/eg4-battery/eg4-battery.yaml`:
+
+| Mode              | When to use                                             |
+|-------------------|---------------------------------------------------------|
+| `modbus_per_pack` | **Default.** One FTDI per pack's RS485 port. Fully decoded HA entities. |
+| `active`          | Legacy 7E/0D (V1 firmware only). Not used on V2 hardware. |
+| `passive`         | Listen-only Modbus sniff (19200). Diagnostic use.       |
+
+See [`NOTES.md`](./NOTES.md) for architecture, register map, LVX6048
+compatibility findings, and bring-up checklist.
+
+## What's in the box
+
+```
+eg4battery/
+├── README.md                            ← start here
+├── Install.md                           ← detailed walkthrough + mode-switch howto
+├── NOTES.md                             ← architecture, register map, port matrix
+├── install.sh                           ← idempotent installer (supports --dry-run)
+│
+├── bin/eg4-battery                      ← single-file daemon (uv PEP-723 inline deps)
+│
+├── config/eg4-battery.yaml.example      ← template, multiple-pack config
+│
+├── etc/                                 mirror of target paths (Pi side)
+│   ├── udev/rules.d/99-eg4-rs485.rules
+│   └── systemd/system/eg4-battery.service
+│
+├── homeassistant/                       ← drop into your HA config dir
+│   ├── README.md                        (what goes where + retention tiers)
+│   ├── recorder.yaml                    (exclude noisy / diagnostic entities)
+│   ├── template_sensors.yaml            (derived: power, temp_max, cell_imbalance, stack rollups)
+│   └── lovelace_overview.yaml           (3-pack stack dashboard)
+│
+└── tmp/                                 ad-hoc diagnostics
+    ├── port-probe                       (single-cycle 9600/19200/7E probe)
+    ├── eg4-snapshot                     (47-reg dump for BMS Tool cross-check)
+    └── bms-tool-ref/                    (unpacked vendor BMS Tool for RE reference)
+```
+
+## Quick start on a fresh host
+
+```bash
+cd ~/solar/eg4battery
+./install.sh --dry-run          # mock cycle, prints MQTT payloads, exits
+
+# Edit ~/.config/eg4-battery/eg4-battery.yaml:
+#   - For modbus_per_pack: one 'packs:' entry per pack, each with port + address + baud
+#   - mqtt.host / username / password
+
+./install.sh                    # real deploy; auto-starts once creds are filled
+journalctl -u eg4-battery.service -f
+```
+
+## Related packages
+
+- [`../LVX6048/`](../LVX6048/) — inverter-side monitoring via PI18 over USB-HID.
+  Same MQTT broker. Between the two packages, HA sees every useful number from
+  the stack.
+
+## Acknowledgements
+
+- `battery/eg4_lifepower.py` — V1 protocol decoder adapted from
+  [`Louisvdw/dbus-serialbattery`](https://github.com/Louisvdw/dbus-serialbattery).
+  Historical; V2 firmware moved to Modbus on a different port.
+- EG4 Electronics `lv_host.app` — the vendor BMS Tool; its Qt binary's SQLite
+  schema and strings gave us the register-to-field mapping.

eg4battery/bin/eg4-battery

@@ -0,0 +1,969 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env -S uv run --script
+# /// script
+# requires-python = ">=3.11"
+# dependencies = [
+#   "pyserial>=3.5",
+#   "paho-mqtt>=2.0",
+#   "pyyaml>=6.0",
+# ]
+# ///
+"""
+eg4-battery — telemetry bridge from EG4 LifePower4 v2 BMSes to MQTT/HA.
+
+Three modes, selected via `bus.mode` in the config:
+
+  modbus_per_pack — RECOMMENDED. One FTDI RS-485 adapter per pack. Each pack
+                    has its own (port, address, baud) in the `packs:` list.
+                    Uses Modbus RTU fn=0x03 read-47-regs at 0x0000. Decoder
+                    extracts named fields (pack V, 16 cell voltages, temps,
+                    SoC, SoH, Capacity, warnings, protections) — register
+                    map reverse-engineered from the EG4 `lv_host.app` BMS
+                    Tool's SQLite schema + UI labels.
+
+  active          — LEGACY. Single FTDI adapter on a dedicated bus, EG4
+                    7E/0D protocol at 9600 baud. Was ported from the V1
+                    firmware via `battery/eg4_lifepower.py`; V2 hardware
+                    doesn't speak this protocol in practice. Kept for
+                    reference / possible V1 deployments.
+
+  passive         — LEGACY. Listen-only Modbus-RTU sniffer at 19200 baud.
+                    Originally targeted the LVX6048 BMS bus; LVX6048 doesn't
+                    poll EG4 packs that way, so the mode is diagnostic only.
+
+Usage:
+    eg4-battery -C <config.yaml>
+    eg4-battery -C <config.yaml> --dry-run    # mock bus, print, exit
+    eg4-battery -C <config.yaml> --trace      # log every frame
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import argparse
+import asyncio
+import dataclasses
+import json
+import logging
+import random
+import struct
+import sys
+import time
+from pathlib import Path
+from struct import unpack_from
+from typing import Any, Iterator
+
+import paho.mqtt.client as mqtt
+import serial
+import yaml
+
+log = logging.getLogger("eg4-battery")
+
+
+# =============================================================================
+# === config ==================================================================
+# =============================================================================
+
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass
+class PackConfig:
+    name: str                    # HA entity prefix / device identifier (e.g. "lifepower4_1")
+    address: int                 # protocol-level address (Modbus slave ID, or EG4 7E address)
+    port: str | None = None      # per-pack port (modbus_per_pack mode only)
+    baud: int | None = None      # per-pack baud override (modbus_per_pack mode only)
+
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass
+class BusConfig:
+    mode: str                    # "modbus_per_pack" | "active" | "passive"
+    transport: str = "serial"    # "serial" | "mock"
+    port: str = ""               # shared port (active / passive modes)
+    baud: int = 9600
+    read_chunk: int = 512
+    timeout_s: float = 1.5         # per-query timeout
+    poll_interval_s: float = 10.0  # full round-robin cycle target
+
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass
+class MQTTConfig:
+    host: str
+    port: int
+    username: str
+    password: str
+    discovery_prefix: str = "homeassistant"
+
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass
+class AppConfig:
+    bus: BusConfig
+    mqtt: MQTTConfig
+    packs: list[PackConfig]
+    cell_count: int = 16        # active mode only
+
+
+def load_config(path: Path) -> AppConfig:
+    raw = yaml.safe_load(path.read_text())
+    return AppConfig(
+        bus=BusConfig(**raw["bus"]),
+        mqtt=MQTTConfig(**raw["mqtt"]),
+        packs=[PackConfig(**p) for p in raw["packs"]],
+        cell_count=raw.get("cell_count", 16),
+    )
+
+
+# =============================================================================
+# === active mode: EG4 7E/0D protocol =========================================
+# =============================================================================
+# Verified against `battery/eg4_lifepower.py`. Frame:
+#   request (6 bytes):  7E <addr> <cmd> 00 <chk> 0D
+#                       chk = (0x100 - (addr + cmd + len)) & 0xFF
+#   reply  (variable): 7E <addr> <cmd> <len> [10 groups] <chk> 0D
+#                       each group: <type_byte> <count> <count × big-endian uint16>
+
+
+CMD_GENERAL_STATUS = 0x01   # cells, V, I, SoC, cap, temps, cycles, alarms
+CMD_FW_VER         = 0x33
+CMD_HW_VER         = 0x42
+
+
+def encode_eg4_request(address: int, cmd: int, length: int = 0) -> bytes:
+    chk = (0x100 - (address + cmd + length)) & 0xFF
+    return bytes([0x7E, address, cmd, length, chk, 0x0D])
+
+
+def decode_eg4_general_status(data: bytes, cell_count: int) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """Decode a fn=0x01 reply into a flat dict keyed for HA. Mirrors
+    `battery/eg4_lifepower.py::parse_status`. Permissive framing check
+    (header/footer); upstream doesn't validate the reply CRC and neither
+    do we until we know the algorithm."""
+    if not data or len(data) < 6 or data[0] != 0x7E or data[-1] != 0x0D:
+        raise ValueError(f"bad framing: {data.hex(' ')[:120]}")
+
+    groups: list[list[int]] = []
+    i = 4   # skip 7E <addr> <cmd> <len>
+    for _ in range(10):
+        if i + 2 > len(data):
+            raise ValueError(f"truncated payload at group {len(groups)}")
+        group_len = data[i + 1]
+        end = i + 2 + group_len * 2
+        if end > len(data):
+            raise ValueError(f"group {len(groups)} overruns frame (end={end}, len={len(data)})")
+        payload = data[i + 2:end]
+        groups.append([unpack_from(">H", payload, k)[0] for k in range(0, len(payload), 2)])
+        i = end
+
+    out: dict[str, Any] = {}
+
+    # group 0 — cell voltages (mV; mask 0x7FFF per upstream — top bit is some flag)
+    cells = [(v & 0x7FFF) / 1000.0 for v in groups[0][:cell_count]]
+    for idx, cv in enumerate(cells, start=1):
+        out[f"cell_{idx:02d}_voltage"] = round(cv, 3)
+    if cells:
+        vmin, vmax = min(cells), max(cells)
+        out["cell_voltage_min"]      = round(vmin, 3)
+        out["cell_voltage_max"]      = round(vmax, 3)
+        out["cell_voltage_delta_mv"] = round((vmax - vmin) * 1000)
+        out["cell_lowest"]           = cells.index(vmin) + 1
+        out["cell_highest"]          = cells.index(vmax) + 1
+
+    # group 1 — current (signed; encoded as 30000 - A×100; positive = charge)
+    if groups[1]:
+        out["current"] = round((30000 - groups[1][0]) / 100.0, 2)
+    # group 2 — SoC × 100
+    if groups[2]:
+        out["soc"] = round(groups[2][0] / 100.0, 1)
+    # group 3 — capacity (Ah × 100)
+    if groups[3]:
+        out["capacity_ah"] = round(groups[3][0] / 100.0, 2)
+    # group 4 — temperatures (low byte − 50 °C)
+    for idx, raw in enumerate(groups[4][:6], start=1):
+        out[f"temperature_{idx}"] = (raw & 0xFF) - 50
+    # group 5 — alarm bitfield (second word per upstream)
+    flags = groups[5][1] if len(groups[5]) > 1 else 0
+    out["alarm_current_over"]  = "on" if flags & 0b00001000 else "off"
+    out["alarm_voltage_high"]  = "on" if flags & 0b00010000 else "off"
+    out["alarm_voltage_low"]   = "on" if flags & 0b00100000 else "off"
+    out["alarm_temp_high_chg"] = "on" if flags & 0b01000000 else "off"
+    out["alarm_temp_low_chg"]  = "on" if flags & 0b10000000 else "off"
+    # group 6 — cycle count
+    if groups[6]:
+        out["cycle_count"] = groups[6][0]
+    # group 7 — pack voltage (V × 100)
+    if groups[7]:
+        out["pack_voltage"] = round(groups[7][0] / 100.0, 2)
+    # groups 8-9 — undecoded; leave as future work
+    return out
+
+
+# =============================================================================
+# === passive mode: Modbus RTU framing ========================================
+# =============================================================================
+
+
+def crc16_modbus(data: bytes) -> int:
+    crc = 0xFFFF
+    for b in data:
+        crc ^= b
+        for _ in range(8):
+            if crc & 1:
+                crc = (crc >> 1) ^ 0xA001
+            else:
+                crc >>= 1
+    return crc
+
+
+def _crc_ok(buf: bytes, start: int, length: int) -> bool:
+    if start + length > len(buf):
+        return False
+    body = buf[start:start + length - 2]
+    expected = buf[start + length - 2] | (buf[start + length - 1] << 8)
+    return crc16_modbus(body) == expected
+
+
+_MODBUS_FUNCS = {0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x0F, 0x10, 0x16, 0x17}
+
+
+def parse_modbus_frame_at(buf: bytes, start: int) -> tuple[int, str] | None:
+    if start + 4 > len(buf):
+        return None
+    func = buf[start + 1]
+    # exception response (5 bytes), only for legitimate function codes
+    if func >= 0x80 and (func & 0x7F) in _MODBUS_FUNCS \
+            and start + 5 <= len(buf) and 1 <= buf[start + 2] <= 11 \
+            and _crc_ok(buf, start, 5):
+        return (5, "exception")
+    if func == 0x03:
+        # query: 8 bytes
+        if _crc_ok(buf, start, 8):
+            return (8, "query")
+        # response: 1 + 1 + 1 + byte_count + 2
+        if start + 3 <= len(buf):
+            byte_count = buf[start + 2]
+            if 2 <= byte_count <= 250 and byte_count % 2 == 0:
+                total = 3 + byte_count + 2
+                if _crc_ok(buf, start, total):
+                    return (total, "response")
+    return None
+
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass
+class ModbusFrame:
+    address: int
+    function: int
+    kind: str
+    raw: bytes
+
+    @property
+    def registers(self) -> list[int]:
+        if self.kind != "response" or self.function != 0x03:
+            return []
+        bc = self.raw[2]
+        d = self.raw[3:3 + bc]
+        return [(d[i] << 8) | d[i + 1] for i in range(0, len(d), 2)]
+
+
+def decode_modbus_response(frame: ModbusFrame) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """Raw-register dump; promote to named fields once we know the layout."""
+    return {f"register_{i:02d}": v for i, v in enumerate(frame.registers)}
+
+
+# ---- modbus_per_pack active-poll decoder (EG4 LP4V2) -----------------------
+# Register map derived from lv_host.app BMS Tool SQLite schema + UI labels +
+# live probing of a single pack. See ../NOTES.md "Register map" section.
+# High-confidence fields promoted to named entities; unknowns (reg 32, 35,
+# 38-40, 43-45) still emitted as register_NN for correlation.
+
+_WARNING_BITS = [
+    "pack_ov", "cell_ov", "pack_uv", "cell_uv",
+    "charge_oc", "discharge_oc", "temp_anomaly", "mos_ot",
+    "charge_ot", "discharge_ot", "charge_ut", "discharge_ut",
+    "low_capacity", "other_error",
+]
+_PROTECTION_BITS = [
+    "pack_ov", "cell_ov", "pack_uv", "cell_uv",
+    "charge_oc", "discharge_oc", "temp_anomaly", "mos_ot",
+    "charge_ot", "discharge_ot", "charge_ut", "discharge_ut",
+    "float_stopped", "discharge_sc",
+]
+
+
+def _signed16(v: int) -> int:
+    return v - 0x10000 if v & 0x8000 else v
+
+
+def decode_eg4_modbus_regs(regs: list[int]) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """Decode the 47-reg read-holding-regs response from an LP4V2 BMS.
+    Emits named HA entities where meaning is known; raw register_NN
+    passthrough for the rest."""
+    out: dict[str, Any] = {}
+    # always emit raw registers — invaluable for future refinement
+    for i, v in enumerate(regs):
+        out[f"register_{i:02d}"] = v
+
+    if len(regs) < 47:
+        return out
+
+    # --- pack-level V / I (regs 0, 1) ---
+    out["pack_voltage"] = round(regs[0] / 100.0, 2)
+    out["pack_current"] = round(_signed16(regs[1]) / 100.0, 2)
+
+    # --- 16 cell voltages (regs 2-17), mV ---
+    cells_v = [regs[2 + i] / 1000.0 for i in range(16)]
+    for i, cv in enumerate(cells_v, start=1):
+        out[f"cell_{i:02d}_voltage"] = round(cv, 3)
+    vmin, vmax = min(cells_v), max(cells_v)
+    out["cell_voltage_min"]      = round(vmin, 3)
+    out["cell_voltage_max"]      = round(vmax, 3)
+    out["cell_voltage_delta_mv"] = round((vmax - vmin) * 1000)
+    out["cell_lowest"]           = cells_v.index(vmin) + 1
+    out["cell_highest"]          = cells_v.index(vmax) + 1
+
+    # --- temperatures (regs 18-21 = Temp_01..04, reg 24 = Temp_PCB) ---
+    out["temperature_01"] = regs[18]
+    out["temperature_02"] = regs[19]
+    out["temperature_03"] = regs[20]
+    out["temperature_04"] = regs[21]
+    out["temperature_pcb"] = regs[24]
+
+    # --- SoC / SoH (regs 22, 23) ---
+    out["soc"] = regs[22]
+    out["soh"] = regs[23]
+
+    # --- heater / status (regs 25-30) ---
+    # reg 30 has been observed = 1 on a healthy pack; treat as binary
+    out["heater"] = "on" if regs[30] & 0x01 else "off"
+
+    # --- max charge/discharge current limit (reg 31), A ---
+    out["max_current_limit"] = round(regs[31] / 100.0, 2)
+
+    # --- bitfields: warnings (reg 33), protections (reg 34), error code (reg 35) ---
+    warn = regs[33]
+    for i, name in enumerate(_WARNING_BITS):
+        out[f"warning_{name}"] = "on" if (warn >> i) & 1 else "off"
+    prot = regs[34]
+    for i, name in enumerate(_PROTECTION_BITS):
+        out[f"protection_{name}"] = "on" if (prot >> i) & 1 else "off"
+    out["error_code"] = regs[35]
+
+    # --- static-ish (regs 36, 37) ---
+    out["cell_count"] = regs[36]
+    out["capacity_ah"] = round(regs[37] / 10.0, 1)
+    out["remaining_ah"] = round(regs[38] / 100.0, 2)
+    out["cycle_count"] = regs[39]
+    out["battery_mode"] = regs[40]
+
+    # BMS firmware version — regs 41 & 42 appear to hold version codes; emit
+    # the raw u16s alongside a decimal representation for easier HA display
+    out["bms_version_hi"] = regs[41]
+    out["bms_version_lo"] = regs[42]
+
+    # reg 46 increments ~1.25 Hz on live bus — likely uptime in deciseconds
+    out["uptime_ds"] = regs[46]
+    return out
+
+
+class ModbusActivePoller:
+    """One instance per pack. Opens its own serial port, issues a single
+    read-holding-regs fn=0x03 on every `poll()` call, returns raw registers
+    (or raises). Graceful: a pack whose port doesn't exist or whose BMS is
+    off will raise on poll, and main loop catches + rate-limits the noise."""
+
+    READ_START = 0x0000
+    READ_COUNT = 47
+
+    def __init__(self, port: str, baud: int, address: int, timeout_s: float = 1.0):
+        self._port_path = port
+        self._baud = baud
+        self._address = address
+        self._timeout_s = timeout_s
+        self._ser: serial.Serial | None = None
+
+    def _open(self) -> None:
+        if self._ser is None or not self._ser.is_open:
+            self._ser = serial.Serial(
+                port=self._port_path, baudrate=self._baud, timeout=0.2,
+                bytesize=8, parity="N", stopbits=1,
+            )
+
+    def poll(self) -> list[int]:
+        self._open()
+        body = bytes([self._address, 0x03,
+                      self.READ_START >> 8, self.READ_START & 0xFF,
+                      self.READ_COUNT >> 8, self.READ_COUNT & 0xFF])
+        crc = crc16_modbus(body)
+        frame = body + bytes([crc & 0xFF, crc >> 8])
+
+        assert self._ser is not None
+        self._ser.reset_input_buffer()
+        self._ser.write(frame)
+
+        expected = 3 + self.READ_COUNT * 2 + 2    # addr + func + bc + data + crc
+        buf = bytearray()
+        deadline = time.monotonic() + self._timeout_s
+        while time.monotonic() < deadline and len(buf) < expected:
+            chunk = self._ser.read(expected - len(buf))
+            if chunk:
+                buf.extend(chunk)
+        raw = bytes(buf)
+        log.debug("pack 0x%02x tx=%s rx=%s", self._address, frame.hex(" "), raw.hex(" "))
+
+        if len(raw) < 5 or raw[0] != self._address or raw[1] != 0x03:
+            raise RuntimeError(f"no/bad response ({len(raw)} B)")
+        bc = raw[2]
+        if len(raw) < 3 + bc + 2:
+            raise RuntimeError(f"truncated response ({len(raw)} B, expected {3 + bc + 2})")
+        if not _crc_ok(raw, 0, 3 + bc + 2):
+            raise RuntimeError("CRC mismatch")
+        data = raw[3:3 + bc]
+        return [(data[i] << 8) | data[i + 1] for i in range(0, len(data), 2)]
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        if self._ser is not None and self._ser.is_open:
+            self._ser.close()
+
+
+# =============================================================================
+# === transports ==============================================================
+# =============================================================================
+# Two abstractions; main loop picks the right one based on bus.mode.
+
+
+class ActiveTransport:
+    """Request-response transport for active mode."""
+
+    def query_general(self, address: int) -> bytes:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        pass
+
+
+class PassiveListener:
+    """Continuous frame-iterator for passive mode."""
+
+    def frames(self) -> Iterator[ModbusFrame]:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        pass
+
+
+# --- active: serial + mock --------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class SerialActiveTransport(ActiveTransport):
+    def __init__(self, port: str, baud: int, timeout_s: float):
+        self._timeout_s = timeout_s
+        self._ser = serial.Serial(port=port, baudrate=baud, timeout=0.25,
+                                  bytesize=8, parity="N", stopbits=1)
+
+    def query_general(self, address: int) -> bytes:
+        frame = encode_eg4_request(address, CMD_GENERAL_STATUS)
+        log.debug("TX addr=0x%02x: %s", address, frame.hex())
+        self._ser.reset_input_buffer()
+        self._ser.write(frame)
+        buf = bytearray()
+        deadline = time.monotonic() + self._timeout_s
+        while time.monotonic() < deadline:
+            chunk = self._ser.read(256)
+            if chunk:
+                buf.extend(chunk)
+                if buf[0:1] == b"\x7E" and buf.endswith(b"\x0D"):
+                    break
+        log.debug("RX addr=0x%02x: %s", address, bytes(buf).hex())
+        return bytes(buf)
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        self._ser.close()
+
+
+class MockActiveTransport(ActiveTransport):
+    """Synthesise EG4 7E/0D replies. Values drift per call so HA dashboards
+    look alive in dry-run mode."""
+
+    def __init__(self, cell_count: int = 16):
+        self._cell_count = cell_count
+        self._call = 0
+
+    def query_general(self, address: int) -> bytes:
+        self._call += 1
+        rng = random.Random(address * 1000 + self._call)
+        base_mv = 3280 + rng.randint(-5, 5)
+        cells_mv = [max(0, min(0x7FFF, base_mv + rng.randint(-8, 8)))
+                    for _ in range(self._cell_count)]
+        current_x100 = rng.randint(-500, 2000)
+        current_raw = 30000 - current_x100
+        soc_x100 = (50 + rng.randint(-2, 2)) * 100
+        cap_ah_x100 = 5000 + rng.randint(-10, 10)
+        temps_raw = [50 + 25 + rng.randint(-3, 3) for _ in range(4)]
+        cycles = 42 + address
+        pack_v_x100 = round(sum(cells_mv) / 10)
+
+        def grp(gid: int, values: list[int]) -> bytes:
+            return bytes([gid, len(values)]) + b"".join(
+                struct.pack(">H", v & 0xFFFF) for v in values
+            )
+
+        body = b"".join([
+            grp(0x01, cells_mv),
+            grp(0x02, [current_raw]),
+            grp(0x03, [soc_x100]),
+            grp(0x04, [cap_ah_x100]),
+            grp(0x05, temps_raw),
+            grp(0x06, [0, 0]),                # alarms = clear
+            grp(0x07, [cycles]),
+            grp(0x08, [pack_v_x100]),
+            grp(0x09, []),
+            grp(0x0A, []),
+        ])
+        # checksum byte tolerated as 0x00 by the upstream parser
+        return bytes([0x7E, address, CMD_GENERAL_STATUS, len(body) & 0xFF]) \
+            + body + bytes([0x00, 0x0D])
+
+
+# --- passive: serial + mock -------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class SerialPassiveListener(PassiveListener):
+    _BUF_MAX = 4096
+
+    def __init__(self, port: str, baud: int, read_chunk: int = 512):
+        self._read_chunk = read_chunk
+        self._ser = serial.Serial(port=port, baudrate=baud, timeout=0.1,
+                                  bytesize=8, parity="N", stopbits=1)
+        self._buf = bytearray()
+
+    def frames(self) -> Iterator[ModbusFrame]:
+        while True:
+            chunk = self._ser.read(self._read_chunk)
+            if chunk:
+                self._buf.extend(chunk)
+                if len(self._buf) > self._BUF_MAX:
+                    del self._buf[:self._BUF_MAX // 2]
+                yield from self._extract()
+
+    def _extract(self) -> Iterator[ModbusFrame]:
+        i = 0
+        while i < len(self._buf) - 4:
+            r = parse_modbus_frame_at(self._buf, i)
+            if r is None:
+                i += 1
+                continue
+            length, kind = r
+            raw = bytes(self._buf[i:i + length])
+            yield ModbusFrame(address=raw[0], function=raw[1], kind=kind, raw=raw)
+            del self._buf[:i + length]
+            i = 0
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        self._ser.close()
+
+
+class MockPassiveListener(PassiveListener):
+    def __init__(self, packs: list[PackConfig], gap_s: float = 0.5):
+        self._packs = packs
+        self._gap_s = gap_s
+        self._tick = 0
+
+    def frames(self) -> Iterator[ModbusFrame]:
+        while True:
+            for pack in self._packs:
+                self._tick += 1
+                q = self._build_query(pack.address)
+                yield ModbusFrame(address=pack.address, function=0x03, kind="query", raw=q)
+                time.sleep(0.05)
+                r = self._build_response(pack.address)
+                yield ModbusFrame(address=pack.address, function=0x03, kind="response", raw=r)
+                time.sleep(self._gap_s)
+
+    def _build_query(self, addr: int) -> bytes:
+        body = bytes([addr, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x2F])
+        crc = crc16_modbus(body)
+        return body + bytes([crc & 0xFF, crc >> 8])
+
+    def _build_response(self, addr: int) -> bytes:
+        rng = random.Random(addr * 1000 + self._tick)
+        regs = [3280 + rng.randint(-5, 5) for _ in range(16)]
+        regs += [round(52.48 * 100), 50_00, rng.randint(0, 100)]
+        while len(regs) < 47:
+            regs.append(rng.randint(0, 100))
+        body = bytes([addr, 0x03, len(regs) * 2]) + b"".join(
+            struct.pack(">H", r & 0xFFFF) for r in regs
+        )
+        crc = crc16_modbus(body)
+        return body + bytes([crc & 0xFF, crc >> 8])
+
+
+# =============================================================================
+# === MQTT publisher (HA auto-discovery) ======================================
+# =============================================================================
+
+
+# Field metadata. Active and passive modes emit different keys; both sets
+# coexist here without overlap.
+_FIELD_META: dict[str, tuple[str | None, str | None, str | None, str | None]] = {
+    # active mode (EG4 7E/0D decoded)
+    "pack_voltage":          ("V",   "voltage",     "measurement", "mdi:battery-outline"),
+    "current":               ("A",   "current",     "measurement", "mdi:current-dc"),
+    "soc":                   ("%",   "battery",     "measurement", "mdi:battery-70"),
+    "capacity_ah":           ("Ah",  None,          "measurement", "mdi:battery-clock"),
+    "cycle_count":           (None,  None,          "total",       "mdi:counter"),
+    "cell_voltage_min":      ("V",   "voltage",     "measurement", "mdi:arrow-down-bold"),
+    "cell_voltage_max":      ("V",   "voltage",     "measurement", "mdi:arrow-up-bold"),
+    "cell_voltage_delta_mv": ("mV",  None,          "measurement", "mdi:sine-wave"),
+    "cell_lowest":           (None,  None,          "measurement", "mdi:numeric"),
+    "cell_highest":          (None,  None,          "measurement", "mdi:numeric"),
+    "alarm_current_over":    (None,  None,          None,          "mdi:alert-octagon"),
+    "alarm_voltage_high":    (None,  None,          None,          "mdi:alert"),
+    "alarm_voltage_low":     (None,  None,          None,          "mdi:alert"),
+    "alarm_temp_high_chg":   (None,  None,          None,          "mdi:thermometer-alert"),
+    "alarm_temp_low_chg":    (None,  None,          None,          "mdi:thermometer-alert"),
+}
+for _i in range(1, 33):
+    _FIELD_META[f"cell_{_i:02d}_voltage"] = ("V", "voltage", "measurement", "mdi:battery-outline")
+for _i in range(1, 7):
+    _FIELD_META[f"temperature_{_i}"] = ("°C", "temperature", "measurement", "mdi:thermometer")
+# modbus_per_pack named fields (EG4 register map)
+_FIELD_META.update({
+    "pack_current":         ("A",   "current",     "measurement", "mdi:current-dc"),
+    "temperature_01":       ("°C",  "temperature", "measurement", "mdi:thermometer"),
+    "temperature_02":       ("°C",  "temperature", "measurement", "mdi:thermometer"),
+    "temperature_03":       ("°C",  "temperature", "measurement", "mdi:thermometer"),
+    "temperature_04":       ("°C",  "temperature", "measurement", "mdi:thermometer"),
+    "temperature_pcb":      ("°C",  "temperature", "measurement", "mdi:chip"),
+    "heater":               (None,  None,          None,          "mdi:heating-coil"),
+    "max_current_limit":    ("A",   "current",     "measurement", "mdi:current-dc"),
+    "error_code":           (None,  None,          None,          "mdi:alert-octagon"),
+    "cell_count":           (None,  None,          "measurement", "mdi:numeric"),
+    "remaining_ah":         ("Ah",  None,          "measurement", "mdi:battery-clock"),
+    "battery_mode":         (None,  None,          None,          "mdi:state-machine"),
+    "bms_version_hi":       (None,  None,          None,          "mdi:chip"),
+    "bms_version_lo":       (None,  None,          None,          "mdi:chip"),
+    "uptime_ds":            (None,  None,          "total_increasing", "mdi:timer-outline"),
+})
+for _name in _WARNING_BITS:
+    _FIELD_META[f"warning_{_name}"] = (None, None, None, "mdi:alert")
+for _name in _PROTECTION_BITS:
+    _FIELD_META[f"protection_{_name}"] = (None, None, None, "mdi:shield-alert")
+
+
+def field_meta(key: str) -> tuple[str | None, str | None, str | None, str | None]:
+    if key.startswith("register_"):
+        return (None, None, "measurement", "mdi:numeric")
+    return _FIELD_META.get(key, (None, None, None, None))
+
+
+class MQTTPublisher:
+    def __init__(self, cfg: MQTTConfig, dry_run: bool = False):
+        self._cfg = cfg
+        self._dry_run = dry_run
+        self._client: mqtt.Client | None = None
+        self._discovered: set[tuple[str, str]] = set()
+        if not dry_run:
+            c = mqtt.Client(mqtt.CallbackAPIVersion.VERSION2, client_id="eg4-battery")
+            c.username_pw_set(cfg.username, cfg.password)
+            c.connect(cfg.host, cfg.port, keepalive=60)
+            c.loop_start()
+            self._client = c
+            log.info("connected to MQTT %s:%d", cfg.host, cfg.port)
+
+    def publish_pack(self, pack_name: str, readings: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+        for key, value in readings.items():
+            self._publish_one(pack_name, key, value)
+
+    def _publish_one(self, pack_name: str, key: str, value: Any) -> None:
+        entity_id = f"{pack_name}_{key}"
+        state_topic = f"{self._cfg.discovery_prefix}/sensor/{entity_id}/state"
+        disco_key = (pack_name, key)
+        if disco_key not in self._discovered:
+            self._publish_discovery(pack_name, key, state_topic)
+            self._discovered.add(disco_key)
+        payload = json.dumps(value) if isinstance(value, (dict, list)) else str(value)
+        if self._dry_run:
+            print(f"  {state_topic}  {payload}")
+        else:
+            self._client.publish(state_topic, payload, qos=0, retain=False)
+
+    def _publish_discovery(self, pack_name: str, key: str, state_topic: str) -> None:
+        unit, device_class, state_class, icon = field_meta(key)
+        cfg = {
+            "name": f"{pack_name} {key}",
+            "state_topic": state_topic,
+            "unique_id": f"{pack_name}_{key}_eg4",
+            "device": {
+                "name": f"EG4 LifePower4 {pack_name}",
+                "identifiers": [pack_name],
+                "model": "LifePower4 48V 100Ah v2 Auto-Addressing",
+                "manufacturer": "EG4 Electronics",
+            },
+        }
+        if unit is not None:         cfg["unit_of_measurement"] = unit
+        if device_class is not None: cfg["device_class"] = device_class
+        if state_class is not None:  cfg["state_class"] = state_class
+        if icon is not None:         cfg["icon"] = icon
+        topic = f"{self._cfg.discovery_prefix}/sensor/{pack_name}_{key}/config"
+        payload = json.dumps(cfg)
+        if self._dry_run:
+            print(f"  [discovery] {topic}  {payload}")
+        else:
+            self._client.publish(topic, payload, qos=0, retain=True)
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        if self._client is not None:
+            self._client.loop_stop()
+            self._client.disconnect()
+
+
+# =============================================================================
+# === per-pack state & rate-limited logging ===================================
+# =============================================================================
+
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass
+class _PackState:
+    ok: bool = False
+    last_error_category: str = ""
+    consecutive_errors: int = 0
+    response_count: int = 0
+    first_seen_logged: bool = False
+
+
+_FAIL_HEARTBEAT_CYCLES = 360   # re-log a stuck failure every ~hour at 10 s cadence
+
+
+def _resolve_pack_name(addr: int, packs: list[PackConfig]) -> str:
+    for p in packs:
+        if p.address == addr:
+            return p.name
+    return f"lifepower4_addr_{addr:02x}"
+
+
+# =============================================================================
+# === main loops ==============================================================
+# =============================================================================
+
+
+def run_active(transport: ActiveTransport, publisher: MQTTPublisher, cfg: AppConfig,
+               states: dict[str, _PackState], one_cycle: bool = False) -> None:
+    """Round-robin poll every configured pack; rate-limit error noise."""
+    while True:
+        cycle_start = time.monotonic()
+        for pack in cfg.packs:
+            st = states.setdefault(pack.name, _PackState())
+            try:
+                raw = transport.query_general(pack.address)
+                if not raw:
+                    raise RuntimeError(f"empty response from addr=0x{pack.address:02x}")
+                readings = decode_eg4_general_status(raw, cell_count=cfg.cell_count)
+                publisher.publish_pack(pack.name, readings)
+                st.response_count += 1
+                if not st.ok and st.consecutive_errors > 0:
+                    log.info("pack %s (0x%02x): recovered after %d failed cycle(s)",
+                             pack.name, pack.address, st.consecutive_errors)
+                st.ok = True
+                st.consecutive_errors = 0
+            except Exception as e:
+                category = f"{type(e).__name__}:{str(e).split(':', 1)[0]}"
+                if st.ok or category != st.last_error_category:
+                    log.warning("pack %s (0x%02x): %s", pack.name, pack.address, e)
+                elif st.consecutive_errors > 0 and st.consecutive_errors % _FAIL_HEARTBEAT_CYCLES == 0:
+                    log.warning("pack %s (0x%02x): still failing (%d cycles): %s",
+                                pack.name, pack.address, st.consecutive_errors, e)
+                st.ok = False
+                st.last_error_category = category
+                st.consecutive_errors += 1
+        if one_cycle:
+            return
+        elapsed = time.monotonic() - cycle_start
+        time.sleep(max(0.0, cfg.bus.poll_interval_s - elapsed))
+
+
+def run_passive(listener: PassiveListener, publisher: MQTTPublisher, cfg: AppConfig,
+                trace: bool, max_frames: int | None = None) -> None:
+    """Consume frames as they arrive; publish on every fn=0x03 response."""
+    states: dict[int, _PackState] = {}
+    seen_unconfigured: set[int] = set()
+    configured = {p.address for p in cfg.packs}
+    n = 0
+    for frame in listener.frames():
+        n += 1
+        if trace:
+            log.debug("%r raw=%s", frame, frame.raw.hex(" "))
+        if frame.kind != "response" or frame.function != 0x03:
+            if max_frames is not None and n >= max_frames:
+                return
+            continue
+
+        st = states.setdefault(frame.address, _PackState())
+        st.response_count += 1
+        if not st.first_seen_logged:
+            if frame.address in configured:
+                log.info("first response from configured pack 0x%02x (%s)",
+                         frame.address, _resolve_pack_name(frame.address, cfg.packs))
+            elif frame.address not in seen_unconfigured:
+                log.warning("response from unconfigured slave 0x%02x — auto-naming as %s",
+                            frame.address, _resolve_pack_name(frame.address, cfg.packs))
+                seen_unconfigured.add(frame.address)
+            st.first_seen_logged = True
+        try:
+            readings = decode_modbus_response(frame)
+        except Exception as e:
+            log.warning("decode failed for addr 0x%02x: %s (raw=%s)",
+                        frame.address, e, frame.raw.hex(" "))
+            continue
+        publisher.publish_pack(_resolve_pack_name(frame.address, cfg.packs), readings)
+        if max_frames is not None and n >= max_frames:
+            return
+
+
+def run_modbus_per_pack(cfg: AppConfig, publisher: MQTTPublisher,
+                        states: dict[str, _PackState], one_cycle: bool = False,
+                        dry_run: bool = False) -> None:
+    """One adapter per pack. Each `PackConfig` must have `port` and `baud`
+    set. Round-robin poll every pack on its own serial port; decode
+    Modbus response into named HA entities + raw register_NN dump."""
+    pollers: dict[str, ModbusActivePoller] = {}
+    mock_regs_call: dict[str, int] = {}
+
+    def make_poller(p: PackConfig) -> ModbusActivePoller | None:
+        if dry_run:
+            return None   # mock path, no real poller
+        if not p.port:
+            log.warning("pack %s: no `port` set in config; skipping", p.name)
+            return None
+        baud = p.baud or cfg.bus.baud
+        try:
+            return ModbusActivePoller(p.port, baud, p.address, cfg.bus.timeout_s)
+        except Exception as e:
+            log.warning("pack %s: could not open %s: %s", p.name, p.port, e)
+            return None
+
+    for p in cfg.packs:
+        pl = make_poller(p)
+        if pl is not None:
+            pollers[p.name] = pl
+
+    try:
+        while True:
+            cycle_start = time.monotonic()
+            for p in cfg.packs:
+                st = states.setdefault(p.name, _PackState())
+                try:
+                    if dry_run:
+                        mock_regs_call[p.name] = mock_regs_call.get(p.name, 0) + 1
+                        regs = _mock_modbus_regs(p.address, mock_regs_call[p.name])
+                    else:
+                        if p.name not in pollers:
+                            raise RuntimeError(f"no poller configured for {p.name}")
+                        regs = pollers[p.name].poll()
+                    readings = decode_eg4_modbus_regs(regs)
+                    publisher.publish_pack(p.name, readings)
+                    st.response_count += 1
+                    if not st.ok and st.consecutive_errors > 0:
+                        log.info("pack %s: recovered after %d failed cycle(s)",
+                                 p.name, st.consecutive_errors)
+                    st.ok = True
+                    st.consecutive_errors = 0
+                except Exception as e:
+                    category = f"{type(e).__name__}:{str(e).split(':', 1)[0]}"
+                    if st.ok or category != st.last_error_category:
+                        log.warning("pack %s (0x%02x): %s", p.name, p.address, e)
+                    elif st.consecutive_errors > 0 \
+                            and st.consecutive_errors % _FAIL_HEARTBEAT_CYCLES == 0:
+                        log.warning("pack %s (0x%02x): still failing (%d cycles): %s",
+                                    p.name, p.address, st.consecutive_errors, e)
+                    st.ok = False
+                    st.last_error_category = category
+                    st.consecutive_errors += 1
+            if one_cycle:
+                return
+            elapsed = time.monotonic() - cycle_start
+            time.sleep(max(0.0, cfg.bus.poll_interval_s - elapsed))
+    finally:
+        for pl in pollers.values():
+            pl.close()
+
+
+def _mock_modbus_regs(address: int, tick: int) -> list[int]:
+    """Synthesise 47 realistic-looking registers for dry-run mode."""
+    rng = random.Random(address * 1000 + tick)
+    base_mv = 3280 + rng.randint(-3, 3)
+    cells_mv = [base_mv + rng.randint(-8, 8) for _ in range(16)]
+    regs: list[int] = [0] * 47
+    regs[0]  = sum(cells_mv) // 10              # pack voltage × 100
+    regs[1]  = (30000 - rng.randint(-500, 2000)) & 0xFFFF  # current (×100 biased)
+    for i, mv in enumerate(cells_mv, start=2):
+        regs[i] = mv
+    regs[18] = 21 + rng.randint(-1, 1)
+    regs[19] = 21 + rng.randint(-1, 1)
+    regs[20] = 20 + rng.randint(-1, 1)
+    regs[21] = 54 + rng.randint(-1, 1)
+    regs[22] = 100
+    regs[23] = 100
+    regs[24] = 55
+    regs[30] = 1
+    regs[31] = 5493
+    regs[32] = 10752
+    regs[33] = 0                                 # no warnings
+    regs[34] = 0                                 # no protections
+    regs[35] = 0                                 # error code
+    regs[36] = 16                                # cell count
+    regs[37] = 1000                              # 100.0 Ah
+    regs[46] = (tick * 5) & 0xFFFF               # runtime counter
+    return regs
+
+
+def main() -> int:
+    ap = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+        description="EG4 LifePower4 v2 → MQTT bridge.")
+    ap.add_argument("-C", "--config", required=True, type=Path)
+    ap.add_argument("--dry-run", action="store_true",
+                    help="Mock-bus smoke test — one cycle, print, exit.")
+    ap.add_argument("--trace", action="store_true", help="Log every frame.")
+    args = ap.parse_args()
+
+    logging.basicConfig(
+        level=logging.DEBUG if args.trace else logging.INFO,
+        format="%(asctime)s %(levelname)s %(name)s: %(message)s",
+    )
+
+    cfg = load_config(args.config)
+    valid_modes = {"modbus_per_pack", "active", "passive"}
+    if cfg.bus.mode not in valid_modes:
+        raise SystemExit(f"bus.mode must be one of {valid_modes}, got {cfg.bus.mode!r}")
+    if cfg.bus.transport not in {"serial", "mock"}:
+        raise SystemExit(f"bus.transport must be 'serial' or 'mock', got {cfg.bus.transport!r}")
+
+    publisher = MQTTPublisher(cfg.mqtt, dry_run=args.dry_run)
+    log.info("eg4-battery starting: mode=%s %d configured pack(s)",
+             cfg.bus.mode, len(cfg.packs))
+
+    use_mock = args.dry_run or cfg.bus.transport == "mock"
+
+    try:
+        if cfg.bus.mode == "modbus_per_pack":
+            run_modbus_per_pack(cfg, publisher, states={},
+                                one_cycle=args.dry_run, dry_run=args.dry_run)
+        elif cfg.bus.mode == "active":
+            transport: ActiveTransport
+            transport = (MockActiveTransport(cell_count=cfg.cell_count) if use_mock
+                         else SerialActiveTransport(cfg.bus.port, cfg.bus.baud, cfg.bus.timeout_s))
+            try:
+                run_active(transport, publisher, cfg, states={}, one_cycle=args.dry_run)
+            finally:
+                transport.close()
+        else:  # passive
+            listener: PassiveListener
+            listener = (MockPassiveListener(cfg.packs) if use_mock
+                        else SerialPassiveListener(cfg.bus.port, cfg.bus.baud, cfg.bus.read_chunk))
+            try:
+                run_passive(listener, publisher, cfg, trace=args.trace,
+                            max_frames=(2 * len(cfg.packs) if args.dry_run else None))
+            finally:
+                listener.close()
+        return 0
+    except KeyboardInterrupt:
+        return 0
+    finally:
+        publisher.close()
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    sys.exit(main())

eg4battery/config/eg4-battery.yaml.example

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+# eg4-battery config — deploys to ~/.config/eg4-battery/eg4-battery.yaml (mode 600)
+
+bus:
+  # ---- mode: pick one ----
+  #   active   ← RECOMMENDED. We are the master on a dedicated bus to the
+  #              battery's pin-1/2 external monitor port. Speaks the EG4
+  #              7E/0D protocol at 9600 baud. Returns named, decoded HA
+  #              entities (pack V, cell voltages, SoC, temps, alarms).
+  #
+  #   passive  ← Listen-only Modbus-RTU sniffer at 19200 baud. Use only when
+  #              the FTDI is on a bus that already has a Modbus master
+  #              (e.g. the LVX6048 parallel-comm bus — although see NOTES.md:
+  #              the LVX6048 doesn't poll EG4 packs that way, so this mode
+  #              is mostly diagnostic). Publishes raw `register_NN` per slave.
+  mode: active
+
+  transport: serial   # serial | mock  (--dry-run on the CLI forces mock)
+
+  # Stable /dev/serial/by-id symlink survives USB reshuffles. Find yours with
+  #     ls -l /dev/serial/by-id/
+  port: /dev/serial/by-id/usb-FTDI_<YOUR_ADAPTER_ID>-if00-port0
+
+  # Default 9600 (active EG4 protocol). Set 19200 for passive Modbus mode.
+  baud: 9600
+
+  # Active mode only:
+  timeout_s: 1.5         # per-query response wait
+  poll_interval_s: 10.0  # round-robin cycle target
+
+mqtt:
+  host: <MQTT_BROKER_IP>      # e.g. 10.0.0.41 (HA Mosquitto broker)
+  port: 1883
+  username: <MQTT_USER>
+  password: <MQTT_PASSWORD>
+  discovery_prefix: homeassistant
+
+# One entry per pack. `name` is the HA entity prefix and device identifier.
+# `address` is the EG4 7E protocol address in active mode (master = 1, slaves
+# typically 2, 3, ...) or the Modbus slave ID in passive mode.
+packs:
+  - name: lifepower4_1
+    address: 1
+  - name: lifepower4_2
+    address: 2
+  - name: lifepower4_3
+    address: 3
+
+cell_count: 16    # 16S for 48V LFP — active mode only

eg4battery/etc/systemd/system/eg4-battery.service

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+[Unit]
+Description=EG4 LifePower4 RS485 -> MQTT bridge
+After=network-online.target
+Wants=network-online.target
+
+[Service]
+Type=simple
+User=noise
+Group=dialout
+# Systemd's default PATH does not include ~/.local/bin where `uv` is installed.
+# The script's `#!/usr/bin/env -S uv run --script` shebang needs to find uv.
+Environment=PATH=/home/noise/.local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
+# uv manages the ephemeral venv per the PEP-723 inline deps in the script
+ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/eg4-battery -C /home/noise/.config/eg4-battery/eg4-battery.yaml
+Restart=always
+RestartSec=10
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=multi-user.target

eg4battery/etc/udev/rules.d/99-eg4-rs485.rules

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# EG4 LifePower4 RS485 bus via USB-serial adapter.
+# Grants dialout group access; /dev/serial/by-id/ symlink survives USB moves.
+# Adjust idVendor/idProduct if you use a CP210x (0x10c4:0xea60) or CH340
+# (0x1a86:0x7523) adapter instead of the reference FTDI FT232R.
+SUBSYSTEM=="tty", ATTRS{idVendor}=="0403", ATTRS{idProduct}=="6001", MODE="0660", GROUP="dialout"

eg4battery/homeassistant/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+# HA-side configuration for the eg4-battery daemon
+
+Reference configs that go into your Home Assistant instance — they aren't
+installed by `install.sh` (HA typically lives on a different host / in an
+HA OS appliance), but they're tracked here so the full stack is reproducible.
+
+## What's in here
+
+| File                      | Where it goes in HA                                 |
+|---------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------|
+| `recorder.yaml`           | `configuration.yaml` → under a `recorder:` key, or merge into existing |
+| `template_sensors.yaml`   | `configuration.yaml` → under a top-level `template:` list, or include via `!include` |
+| `lovelace_overview.yaml`  | Raw Lovelace card config — paste into a new dashboard view |
+
+All of it assumes pack names `lifepower4_1`, `lifepower4_2`, `lifepower4_3`
+matching the daemon's default config. If you renamed your packs, do a
+`sed -i 's/lifepower4_/your_prefix_/' *.yaml` first.
+
+## Recommended retention tiers
+
+Full rationale in [`../NOTES.md`](../NOTES.md) and the architecture thread,
+but the short version:
+
+- **Tier 1 — keep forever**: `pack_voltage`, `pack_current`, `soc`, `soh`,
+  `cycle_count`, `cell_voltage_min/max/delta_mv`, `capacity_ah`.
+- **Tier 2 — keep short**: all 14 `warning_*` + 14 `protection_*`,
+  `error_code`, `remaining_ah`, `heater`, the derived `temperature_max`
+  and `pack_power`.
+- **Tier 3 — exclude** (the `recorder.yaml` here does this): all 47 raw
+  `register_NN` entities, the 16 individual `cell_NN_voltage` series,
+  static metadata (`bms_version_*`, `battery_mode`, `cell_count`, etc.),
+  and the `uptime_ds` counter that increments every second.
+
+## Enabling in HA
+
+Easiest path:
+
+```yaml
+# configuration.yaml
+
+# merge our recorder exclusions with your existing recorder config
+recorder: !include eg4_battery/recorder.yaml
+
+# include the template sensors (creates a new `template:` list block)
+template: !include eg4_battery/template_sensors.yaml
+```
+
+And drop the two YAMLs into `~/homeassistant/eg4_battery/`.
+
+If you already have `recorder:` or `template:` keys elsewhere, merge by
+hand — HA doesn't allow two definitions of the same top-level key.
+
+## Energy dashboard wiring (optional)
+
+Once the derived `pack_power` template sensors exist, add them to the
+Energy dashboard via **Settings → Dashboards → Energy → Home battery
+storage** — each pack's `pack_power` integrates to `pack_energy_in_kwh`
+and `pack_energy_out_kwh` automatically, with per-pack bars.

eg4battery/homeassistant/lovelace_overview.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+# Lovelace card config for a 3-pack LifePower4 stack overview.
+# Paste into a dashboard view's raw-config editor, or drop in as a YAML-mode
+# dashboard. Assumes the template sensors in template_sensors.yaml exist.
+
+views:
+  - title: Battery Stack
+    icon: mdi:battery
+    path: batteries
+    cards:
+      # ---- stack summary row ----
+      - type: horizontal-stack
+        cards:
+          - type: gauge
+            name: Stack SoC
+            entity: sensor.lifepower4_stack_soc_avg
+            min: 0
+            max: 100
+            severity:
+              green: 40
+              yellow: 20
+              red: 0
+          - type: entity
+            name: Stack Power
+            entity: sensor.lifepower4_stack_pack_power_total
+            icon: mdi:flash
+          - type: entity
+            name: Hottest Point
+            entity: sensor.lifepower4_stack_temperature_max
+            icon: mdi:thermometer
+
+      # ---- per-pack summary cards ----
+      - type: horizontal-stack
+        cards:
+          - !include_named pack_summary_pack1.yaml
+          - !include_named pack_summary_pack2.yaml
+          - !include_named pack_summary_pack3.yaml
+
+      # ---- pack voltage time series ----
+      - type: history-graph
+        title: Pack voltage (24 h)
+        hours_to_show: 24
+        entities:
+          - sensor.lifepower4_1_pack_voltage
+          - sensor.lifepower4_2_pack_voltage
+          - sensor.lifepower4_3_pack_voltage
+
+      # ---- SoC + SoH trend ----
+      - type: history-graph
+        title: SoC / SoH
+        hours_to_show: 168    # 1 week
+        entities:
+          - sensor.lifepower4_1_soc
+          - sensor.lifepower4_2_soc
+          - sensor.lifepower4_3_soc
+          - sensor.lifepower4_1_soh
+          - sensor.lifepower4_2_soh
+          - sensor.lifepower4_3_soh
+
+      # ---- cell balance health (the crucial long-term metric) ----
+      - type: history-graph
+        title: Cell voltage delta (mV) — rising = balance degrading
+        hours_to_show: 168
+        entities:
+          - sensor.lifepower4_1_cell_voltage_delta_mv
+          - sensor.lifepower4_2_cell_voltage_delta_mv
+          - sensor.lifepower4_3_cell_voltage_delta_mv
+
+      # ---- any active warnings/protections — glance card, visible red when on ----
+      - type: entities
+        title: Alarms (should all be "off" on a healthy stack)
+        show_header_toggle: false
+        entities:
+          - type: section
+            label: Pack 1
+          - entity: sensor.lifepower4_1_warning_cell_ov
+            name: Cell OV
+          - entity: sensor.lifepower4_1_warning_cell_uv
+            name: Cell UV
+          - entity: sensor.lifepower4_1_warning_charge_oc
+            name: Charge OC
+          - entity: sensor.lifepower4_1_warning_discharge_oc
+            name: Discharge OC
+          - entity: sensor.lifepower4_1_warning_mos_ot
+            name: MOSFET OT
+          - entity: sensor.lifepower4_1_warning_low_capacity
+            name: Low Capacity
+          - entity: sensor.lifepower4_1_protection_cell_ov
+            name: PROT Cell OV
+          - entity: sensor.lifepower4_1_protection_cell_uv
+            name: PROT Cell UV
+          # (repeat structure for pack_2 and pack_3, omitted for brevity)
+
+# Per-pack summary card template — save as three copies named
+#   pack_summary_pack1.yaml, pack_summary_pack2.yaml, pack_summary_pack3.yaml
+# with only the N suffix different.
+#
+# type: entities
+# title: Pack 1
+# show_header_toggle: false
+# entities:
+#   - entity: sensor.lifepower4_1_pack_voltage
+#     name: Voltage
+#   - entity: sensor.lifepower4_1_pack_current
+#     name: Current
+#   - entity: sensor.lifepower4_1_pack_power
+#     name: Power
+#   - entity: sensor.lifepower4_1_soc
+#     name: SoC
+#   - entity: sensor.lifepower4_1_soh
+#     name: SoH
+#   - entity: sensor.lifepower4_1_temperature_max
+#     name: Hottest
+#   - entity: sensor.lifepower4_1_cell_voltage_delta_mv
+#     name: Cell Δ
+#   - entity: sensor.lifepower4_1_cycle_count
+#     name: Cycles

eg4battery/homeassistant/recorder.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+# HA recorder exclusions for the eg4-battery daemon's MQTT entities.
+#
+# Merge with your existing recorder config; if you don't have one, this whole
+# file can be referenced as  `recorder: !include eg4_battery/recorder.yaml`.
+#
+# Rationale:
+#   - register_NN entities are raw Modbus registers, diagnostic only
+#   - individual cell voltages are redundant once you have min/max/delta
+#   - uptime / version / static config values are pure noise in a timeseries
+#
+# Everything NOT in `entity_globs` below keeps recording normally, including
+# the Tier-1 (pack_voltage / soc / soh / cycle_count / cell_voltage_min/max/
+# delta_mv / capacity_ah) and Tier-2 (warnings / protections / error_code)
+# entities. See ../NOTES.md for the retention-tier breakdown.
+
+exclude:
+  entity_globs:
+    # raw Modbus register dump — diagnostic only
+    - sensor.lifepower4_*_register_*
+
+    # 16 individual cells per pack = 48 noisy series.
+    # cell_voltage_min / _max / _delta_mv already capture 95% of the info.
+    # Comment this out if you're debugging a specific drifting cell.
+    - sensor.lifepower4_*_cell_01_voltage
+    - sensor.lifepower4_*_cell_02_voltage
+    - sensor.lifepower4_*_cell_03_voltage
+    - sensor.lifepower4_*_cell_04_voltage
+    - sensor.lifepower4_*_cell_05_voltage
+    - sensor.lifepower4_*_cell_06_voltage
+    - sensor.lifepower4_*_cell_07_voltage
+    - sensor.lifepower4_*_cell_08_voltage
+    - sensor.lifepower4_*_cell_09_voltage
+    - sensor.lifepower4_*_cell_10_voltage
+    - sensor.lifepower4_*_cell_11_voltage
+    - sensor.lifepower4_*_cell_12_voltage
+    - sensor.lifepower4_*_cell_13_voltage
+    - sensor.lifepower4_*_cell_14_voltage
+    - sensor.lifepower4_*_cell_15_voltage
+    - sensor.lifepower4_*_cell_16_voltage
+
+    # static metadata (doesn't change, no reason to keep history)
+    - sensor.lifepower4_*_bms_version_hi
+    - sensor.lifepower4_*_bms_version_lo
+    - sensor.lifepower4_*_cell_count
+    - sensor.lifepower4_*_cell_highest
+    - sensor.lifepower4_*_cell_lowest
+    - sensor.lifepower4_*_battery_mode
+    - sensor.lifepower4_*_max_current_limit
+
+    # uptime counter — increments every second, kills the recorder's write cache
+    - sensor.lifepower4_*_uptime_ds

eg4battery/homeassistant/template_sensors.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+# Derived template sensors for the eg4-battery daemon's 3-pack stack.
+# Include into configuration.yaml as:
+#     template: !include eg4_battery/template_sensors.yaml
+#
+# Per-pack entities created:
+#   sensor.lifepower4_N_pack_power         W    (V × I, signed; + = charging)
+#   sensor.lifepower4_N_temperature_max    °C   (max of 5 temp sensors)
+#   sensor.lifepower4_N_cell_imbalance_pct %    (delta / min_cell) × 100
+#
+# Stack-wide rollups:
+#   sensor.lifepower4_stack_pack_power_total  W  (sum of all 3 pack_powers)
+#   sensor.lifepower4_stack_soc_avg           %  (average SoC across packs)
+#   sensor.lifepower4_stack_temperature_max   °C (hottest point anywhere)
+
+- sensor:
+    # ---- pack 1 ----
+    - name: "lifepower4_1 pack_power"
+      unique_id: lifepower4_1_pack_power
+      unit_of_measurement: "W"
+      device_class: power
+      state_class: measurement
+      state: >
+        {% set v = states('sensor.lifepower4_1_pack_voltage') | float(0) %}
+        {% set i = states('sensor.lifepower4_1_pack_current') | float(0) %}
+        {{ (v * i) | round(1) }}
+
+    - name: "lifepower4_1 temperature_max"
+      unique_id: lifepower4_1_temperature_max
+      unit_of_measurement: "°C"
+      device_class: temperature
+      state_class: measurement
+      state: >
+        {% set t = [
+          states('sensor.lifepower4_1_temperature_01') | int(0),
+          states('sensor.lifepower4_1_temperature_02') | int(0),
+          states('sensor.lifepower4_1_temperature_03') | int(0),
+          states('sensor.lifepower4_1_temperature_04') | int(0),
+          states('sensor.lifepower4_1_temperature_pcb') | int(0),
+        ] %}
+        {{ t | max }}
+
+    - name: "lifepower4_1 cell_imbalance_pct"
+      unique_id: lifepower4_1_cell_imbalance_pct
+      unit_of_measurement: "%"
+      state_class: measurement
+      state: >
+        {% set d = states('sensor.lifepower4_1_cell_voltage_delta_mv') | float(0) %}
+        {% set mn = states('sensor.lifepower4_1_cell_voltage_min') | float(0) %}
+        {{ (d / (mn * 1000) * 100) | round(3) if mn > 0 else 0 }}
+
+    # ---- pack 2 ----
+    - name: "lifepower4_2 pack_power"
+      unique_id: lifepower4_2_pack_power
+      unit_of_measurement: "W"
+      device_class: power
+      state_class: measurement
+      state: >
+        {% set v = states('sensor.lifepower4_2_pack_voltage') | float(0) %}
+        {% set i = states('sensor.lifepower4_2_pack_current') | float(0) %}
+        {{ (v * i) | round(1) }}
+
+    - name: "lifepower4_2 temperature_max"
+      unique_id: lifepower4_2_temperature_max
+      unit_of_measurement: "°C"
+      device_class: temperature
+      state_class: measurement
+      state: >
+        {% set t = [
+          states('sensor.lifepower4_2_temperature_01') | int(0),
+          states('sensor.lifepower4_2_temperature_02') | int(0),
+          states('sensor.lifepower4_2_temperature_03') | int(0),
+          states('sensor.lifepower4_2_temperature_04') | int(0),
+          states('sensor.lifepower4_2_temperature_pcb') | int(0),
+        ] %}
+        {{ t | max }}
+
+    - name: "lifepower4_2 cell_imbalance_pct"
+      unique_id: lifepower4_2_cell_imbalance_pct
+      unit_of_measurement: "%"
+      state_class: measurement
+      state: >
+        {% set d = states('sensor.lifepower4_2_cell_voltage_delta_mv') | float(0) %}
+        {% set mn = states('sensor.lifepower4_2_cell_voltage_min') | float(0) %}
+        {{ (d / (mn * 1000) * 100) | round(3) if mn > 0 else 0 }}
+
+    # ---- pack 3 ----
+    - name: "lifepower4_3 pack_power"
+      unique_id: lifepower4_3_pack_power
+      unit_of_measurement: "W"
+      device_class: power
+      state_class: measurement
+      state: >
+        {% set v = states('sensor.lifepower4_3_pack_voltage') | float(0) %}
+        {% set i = states('sensor.lifepower4_3_pack_current') | float(0) %}
+        {{ (v * i) | round(1) }}
+
+    - name: "lifepower4_3 temperature_max"
+      unique_id: lifepower4_3_temperature_max
+      unit_of_measurement: "°C"
+      device_class: temperature
+      state_class: measurement
+      state: >
+        {% set t = [
+          states('sensor.lifepower4_3_temperature_01') | int(0),
+          states('sensor.lifepower4_3_temperature_02') | int(0),
+          states('sensor.lifepower4_3_temperature_03') | int(0),
+          states('sensor.lifepower4_3_temperature_04') | int(0),
+          states('sensor.lifepower4_3_temperature_pcb') | int(0),
+        ] %}
+        {{ t | max }}
+
+    - name: "lifepower4_3 cell_imbalance_pct"
+      unique_id: lifepower4_3_cell_imbalance_pct
+      unit_of_measurement: "%"
+      state_class: measurement
+      state: >
+        {% set d = states('sensor.lifepower4_3_cell_voltage_delta_mv') | float(0) %}
+        {% set mn = states('sensor.lifepower4_3_cell_voltage_min') | float(0) %}
+        {{ (d / (mn * 1000) * 100) | round(3) if mn > 0 else 0 }}
+
+    # ---- stack-wide rollups ----
+    - name: "lifepower4_stack pack_power_total"
+      unique_id: lifepower4_stack_pack_power_total
+      unit_of_measurement: "W"
+      device_class: power
+      state_class: measurement
+      state: >
+        {% set p = [
+          states('sensor.lifepower4_1_pack_power') | float(0),
+          states('sensor.lifepower4_2_pack_power') | float(0),
+          states('sensor.lifepower4_3_pack_power') | float(0),
+        ] %}
+        {{ p | sum | round(1) }}
+
+    - name: "lifepower4_stack soc_avg"
+      unique_id: lifepower4_stack_soc_avg
+      unit_of_measurement: "%"
+      device_class: battery
+      state_class: measurement
+      state: >
+        {% set s = [
+          states('sensor.lifepower4_1_soc') | float(0),
+          states('sensor.lifepower4_2_soc') | float(0),
+          states('sensor.lifepower4_3_soc') | float(0),
+        ] %}
+        {{ (s | sum / s | length) | round(1) }}
+
+    - name: "lifepower4_stack temperature_max"
+      unique_id: lifepower4_stack_temperature_max
+      unit_of_measurement: "°C"
+      device_class: temperature
+      state_class: measurement
+      state: >
+        {% set t = [
+          states('sensor.lifepower4_1_temperature_max') | int(0),
+          states('sensor.lifepower4_2_temperature_max') | int(0),
+          states('sensor.lifepower4_3_temperature_max') | int(0),
+        ] %}
+        {{ t | max }}
+
+# --- integration → energy (pack_power integrated to Wh) ---
+# Paste this at the top level of configuration.yaml, NOT inside `template:`:
+#
+#   sensor:
+#     - platform: integration
+#       source: sensor.lifepower4_1_pack_power
+#       name: lifepower4_1_pack_energy
+#       unit_prefix: k
+#       round: 3
+#       method: left
+#     # ... repeat for pack 2 and 3 ...
+#
+# Then wire the resulting sensor.lifepower4_N_pack_energy into the HA
+# Energy dashboard → Home battery storage → one entry per pack.

eg4battery/install.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# EG4 LifePower4 → Home Assistant monitoring — reproducible installer.
+#
+# Installs the eg4-battery daemon onto /usr/local/bin (uv handles deps via the
+# script's PEP-723 inline metadata), drops in the udev rule + systemd unit,
+# and seeds the config template. Idempotent: safe to re-run.
+#
+# Assumptions:
+#   - Debian-family Linux with systemd
+#   - `uv` on $PATH (https://docs.astral.sh/uv/)
+#   - User has sudo
+#
+# After install, finish by editing:
+#   ~/.config/eg4-battery/eg4-battery.yaml   — bus.port, MQTT creds, pack addresses
+# then:
+#   ./install.sh --dry-run                    — end-to-end smoke test (no HW needed)
+#   sudo systemctl enable --now eg4-battery.service
+#   journalctl -u eg4-battery.service -f
+
+set -euo pipefail
+
+BASE="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)"
+DRY_RUN=0
+for arg in "$@"; do
+    [ "$arg" = "--dry-run" ] && DRY_RUN=1
+done
+
+msg() { printf '\n\033[1;36m== %s ==\033[0m\n' "$*"; }
+
+# --- 1. dependency check ---------------------------------------------------
+msg "Checking prerequisites"
+command -v uv >/dev/null || { echo "uv not found — install from https://docs.astral.sh/uv/"; exit 1; }
+
+# --- 2. entry point --------------------------------------------------------
+msg "Installing /usr/local/bin/eg4-battery"
+sudo install -m 755 "${BASE}/bin/eg4-battery" /usr/local/bin/eg4-battery
+
+# --- 3. udev rule ----------------------------------------------------------
+msg "Installing udev rule (FTDI/CH340/CP210x → dialout)"
+sudo install -m 644 "${BASE}/etc/udev/rules.d/99-eg4-rs485.rules" /etc/udev/rules.d/99-eg4-rs485.rules
+sudo udevadm control --reload-rules
+sudo udevadm trigger --subsystem-match=tty
+
+# --- 4. systemd unit -------------------------------------------------------
+msg "Installing systemd unit"
+sudo install -m 644 "${BASE}/etc/systemd/system/eg4-battery.service" /etc/systemd/system/eg4-battery.service
+sudo systemctl daemon-reload
+
+# --- 5. user config (only if not already present) --------------------------
+msg "Installing config template"
+mkdir -p "${HOME}/.config/eg4-battery"
+dest="${HOME}/.config/eg4-battery/eg4-battery.yaml"
+if [ -e "$dest" ]; then
+    echo "  $dest already exists — not overwriting"
+else
+    install -m 600 "${BASE}/config/eg4-battery.yaml.example" "$dest"
+    echo "  wrote $dest (mode 600) — edit bus.port, MQTT creds, pack addresses"
+fi
+
+# --- 6. smoke test ---------------------------------------------------------
+if [ "$DRY_RUN" = "1" ]; then
+    msg "Dry-run: running one mock-bus cycle (no MQTT publish)"
+    /usr/local/bin/eg4-battery -C "$dest" --dry-run
+    echo
+    echo "(above output is what would be published to MQTT under real run)"
+fi
+
+# --- 7. enable -------------------------------------------------------------
+if grep -q '<MQTT_PASSWORD>' "$dest" 2>/dev/null; then
+    cat <<EOF
+
+Credentials in $dest still contain a placeholder.
+Edit the file, verify with: eg4-battery -C $dest --dry-run
+Then enable the daemon:
+
+    sudo systemctl enable --now eg4-battery.service
+    journalctl -u eg4-battery.service -f
+
+EOF
+else
+    msg "Enabling eg4-battery.service"
+    sudo systemctl enable --now eg4-battery.service
+    sleep 3
+    systemctl --no-pager status eg4-battery.service | head -15
+fi
+
+msg "Done"
+echo "Next steps:"
+echo "  - While batteries are still in the mail:  ./install.sh --dry-run"
+echo "  - Once one pack is wired:                 edit ~/.config/eg4-battery/eg4-battery.yaml,"
+echo "                                              set bus.transport: serial + address: 1 only,"
+echo "                                              validate per ../NOTES.md"
+echo "  - Full three-pack bring-up:               uncomment addresses 2 and 3"

eg4battery/tmp/bms-tool-ref/lv_host.app/Contents/Frameworks/QtCore.framework/Resources/Info.plist

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+<plist version="1.0">
+<dict>
+	<key>CFBundleExecutable</key>
+	<string>QtCore</string>
+	<key>CFBundleIdentifier</key>
+	<string>org.qt-project.QtCore</string>
+	<key>CFBundlePackageType</key>
+	<string>FMWK</string>
+	<key>CFBundleShortVersionString</key>
+	<string>5.14</string>
+	<key>CFBundleSignature</key>
+	<string>????</string>
+	<key>CFBundleVersion</key>
+	<string>5.14.2</string>
+	<key>NOTE</key>
+	<string>Please, do NOT change this file -- It was generated by Qt/QMake.</string>
+</dict>
+</plist>

eg4battery/tmp/bms-tool-ref/lv_host.app/Contents/Frameworks/QtCore.framework/Resources/QtCore.prl

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+
+QMAKE_PRO_INPUT = corelib.pro
+QMAKE_PRL_TARGET = QtCore
+QMAKE_PRL_CONFIG = lex yacc exceptions depend_includepath testcase_targets import_plugins import_qpa_plugin asset_catalogs rez prepare_docs qt_docs_targets qt_build_extra file_copies qmake_use qt warn_on release link_prl app_bundle incremental global_init_link_order lib_version_first sdk clang_pch_style shared shared qt_framework release macos osx macx mac darwin unix posix gcc clang llvm sse2 aesni sse3 ssse3 sse4_1 sse4_2 avx avx2 avx512f avx512bw avx512cd avx512dq avx512er avx512ifma avx512pf avx512vbmi avx512vl compile_examples f16c force_debug_info largefile precompile_header rdrnd shani x86SimdAlways prefix_build force_independent no_warn_empty_obj_files utf8_source create_prl link_prl no_private_qt_headers_warning QTDIR_build qt_example_installs testcase_exceptions explicitlib testcase_no_bundle warning_clean exceptions qt_tracepoints moc resources simd optimize_full pcre2 generated_privates module_frameworks lib_bundle relative_qt_rpath app_extension_api_only git_build target_qt c++11 strict_c++ c++14 c99 c11 hide_symbols separate_debug_info need_fwd_pri qt_install_module create_cmake sliced_bundle compiler_supports_fpmath create_pc have_target dll debug_info objective_c any_bundle arch_haswell avx512common avx512core thread
+QMAKE_PRL_VERSION = 5.14.2
+QMAKE_PRL_LIBS = -framework DiskArbitration -framework IOKit
+QMAKE_PRL_LIBS_FOR_CMAKE = -framework;DiskArbitration;-framework;IOKit;

eg4battery/tmp/bms-tool-ref/lv_host.app/Contents/Frameworks/QtCore.framework/Versions/5/Resources/Info.plist

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+<plist version="1.0">
+<dict>
+	<key>CFBundleExecutable</key>
+	<string>QtCore</string>
+	<key>CFBundleIdentifier</key>
+	<string>org.qt-project.QtCore</string>
+	<key>CFBundlePackageType</key>
+	<string>FMWK</string>
+	<key>CFBundleShortVersionString</key>
+	<string>5.14</string>
+	<key>CFBundleSignature</key>
+	<string>????</string>
+	<key>CFBundleVersion</key>
+	<string>5.14.2</string>
+	<key>NOTE</key>
+	<string>Please, do NOT change this file -- It was generated by Qt/QMake.</string>
+</dict>
+</plist>

eg4battery/tmp/bms-tool-ref/lv_host.app/Contents/Frameworks/QtCore.framework/Versions/5/Resources/QtCore.prl

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+
+QMAKE_PRO_INPUT = corelib.pro
+QMAKE_PRL_TARGET = QtCore
+QMAKE_PRL_CONFIG = lex yacc exceptions depend_includepath testcase_targets import_plugins import_qpa_plugin asset_catalogs rez prepare_docs qt_docs_targets qt_build_extra file_copies qmake_use qt warn_on release link_prl app_bundle incremental global_init_link_order lib_version_first sdk clang_pch_style shared shared qt_framework release macos osx macx mac darwin unix posix gcc clang llvm sse2 aesni sse3 ssse3 sse4_1 sse4_2 avx avx2 avx512f avx512bw avx512cd avx512dq avx512er avx512ifma avx512pf avx512vbmi avx512vl compile_examples f16c force_debug_info largefile precompile_header rdrnd shani x86SimdAlways prefix_build force_independent no_warn_empty_obj_files utf8_source create_prl link_prl no_private_qt_headers_warning QTDIR_build qt_example_installs testcase_exceptions explicitlib testcase_no_bundle warning_clean exceptions qt_tracepoints moc resources simd optimize_full pcre2 generated_privates module_frameworks lib_bundle relative_qt_rpath app_extension_api_only git_build target_qt c++11 strict_c++ c++14 c99 c11 hide_symbols separate_debug_info need_fwd_pri qt_install_module create_cmake sliced_bundle compiler_supports_fpmath create_pc have_target dll debug_info objective_c any_bundle arch_haswell avx512common avx512core thread
+QMAKE_PRL_VERSION = 5.14.2
+QMAKE_PRL_LIBS = -framework DiskArbitration -framework IOKit
+QMAKE_PRL_LIBS_FOR_CMAKE = -framework;DiskArbitration;-framework;IOKit;

eg4battery/tmp/bms-tool-ref/lv_host.app/Contents/Frameworks/QtCore.framework/Versions/Current/Resources/Info.plist

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+<plist version="1.0">
+<dict>
+	<key>CFBundleExecutable</key>
+	<string>QtCore</string>
+	<key>CFBundleIdentifier</key>
+	<string>org.qt-project.QtCore</string>
+	<key>CFBundlePackageType</key>
+	<string>FMWK</string>
+	<key>CFBundleShortVersionString</key>
+	<string>5.14</string>
+	<key>CFBundleSignature</key>
+	<string>????</string>
+	<key>CFBundleVersion</key>
+	<string>5.14.2</string>
+	<key>NOTE</key>
+	<string>Please, do NOT change this file -- It was generated by Qt/QMake.</string>
+</dict>
+</plist>

eg4battery/tmp/bms-tool-ref/lv_host.app/Contents/Frameworks/QtCore.framework/Versions/Current/Resources/QtCore.prl

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+
+QMAKE_PRO_INPUT = corelib.pro
+QMAKE_PRL_TARGET = QtCore
+QMAKE_PRL_CONFIG = lex yacc exceptions depend_includepath testcase_targets import_plugins import_qpa_plugin asset_catalogs rez prepare_docs qt_docs_targets qt_build_extra file_copies qmake_use qt warn_on release link_prl app_bundle incremental global_init_link_order lib_version_first sdk clang_pch_style shared shared qt_framework release macos osx macx mac darwin unix posix gcc clang llvm sse2 aesni sse3 ssse3 sse4_1 sse4_2 avx avx2 avx512f avx512bw avx512cd avx512dq avx512er avx512ifma avx512pf avx512vbmi avx512vl compile_examples f16c force_debug_info largefile precompile_header rdrnd shani x86SimdAlways prefix_build force_independent no_warn_empty_obj_files utf8_source create_prl link_prl no_private_qt_headers_warning QTDIR_build qt_example_installs testcase_exceptions explicitlib testcase_no_bundle warning_clean exceptions qt_tracepoints moc resources simd optimize_full pcre2 generated_privates module_frameworks lib_bundle relative_qt_rpath app_extension_api_only git_build target_qt c++11 strict_c++ c++14 c99 c11 hide_symbols separate_debug_info need_fwd_pri qt_install_module create_cmake sliced_bundle compiler_supports_fpmath create_pc have_target dll debug_info objective_c any_bundle arch_haswell avx512common avx512core thread
+QMAKE_PRL_VERSION = 5.14.2
+QMAKE_PRL_LIBS = -framework DiskArbitration -framework IOKit
+QMAKE_PRL_LIBS_FOR_CMAKE = -framework;DiskArbitration;-framework;IOKit;

eg4battery/tmp/bms-tool-ref/lv_host.app/Contents/Frameworks/QtDBus.framework/Resources/Info.plist

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+<plist version="1.0">
+<dict>
+	<key>CFBundleExecutable</key>
+	<string>QtDBus</string>
+	<key>CFBundleIdentifier</key>
+	<string>org.qt-project.QtDBus</string>
+	<key>CFBundlePackageType</key>
+	<string>FMWK</string>
+	<key>CFBundleShortVersionString</key>
+	<string>5.14</string>
+	<key>CFBundleSignature</key>
+	<string>????</string>
+	<key>CFBundleVersion</key>
+	<string>5.14.2</string>
+	<key>NOTE</key>
+	<string>Please, do NOT change this file -- It was generated by Qt/QMake.</string>
+</dict>
+</plist>

eg4battery/tmp/bms-tool-ref/lv_host.app/Contents/Frameworks/QtDBus.framework/Resources/QtDBus.prl

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+
+QMAKE_PRO_INPUT = dbus.pro
+QMAKE_PRL_TARGET = QtDBus
+QMAKE_PRL_CONFIG = lex yacc depend_includepath testcase_targets import_plugins import_qpa_plugin asset_catalogs rez prepare_docs qt_docs_targets qt_build_extra file_copies qmake_use qt warn_on release link_prl app_bundle incremental global_init_link_order lib_version_first sdk clang_pch_style shared shared qt_framework release macos osx macx mac darwin unix posix gcc clang llvm sse2 aesni sse3 ssse3 sse4_1 sse4_2 avx avx2 avx512f avx512bw avx512cd avx512dq avx512er avx512ifma avx512pf avx512vbmi avx512vl compile_examples f16c force_debug_info largefile precompile_header rdrnd shani x86SimdAlways prefix_build force_independent no_warn_empty_obj_files utf8_source create_prl link_prl no_private_qt_headers_warning QTDIR_build qt_example_installs exceptions_off testcase_exceptions explicitlib testcase_no_bundle warning_clean module_frameworks lib_bundle relative_qt_rpath app_extension_api_only git_build target_qt c++11 strict_c++ c++14 c99 c11 hide_symbols separate_debug_info need_fwd_pri qt_install_module create_cmake sliced_bundle compiler_supports_fpmath create_pc have_target dll debug_info objective_c any_bundle thread moc resources
+QMAKE_PRL_VERSION = 5.14.2
+QMAKE_PRL_LIBS = -F$$[QT_INSTALL_LIBS] -framework QtCore -framework DiskArbitration -framework IOKit
+QMAKE_PRL_LIBS_FOR_CMAKE = -F$$[QT_INSTALL_LIBS];-framework;QtCore;-framework;DiskArbitration;-framework;IOKit;

eg4battery/tmp/bms-tool-ref/lv_host.app/Contents/Frameworks/QtDBus.framework/Versions/5/Resources/Info.plist

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+<plist version="1.0">
+<dict>
+	<key>CFBundleExecutable</key>
+	<string>QtDBus</string>
+	<key>CFBundleIdentifier</key>
+	<string>org.qt-project.QtDBus</string>
+	<key>CFBundlePackageType</key>
+	<string>FMWK</string>
+	<key>CFBundleShortVersionString</key>
+	<string>5.14</string>
+	<key>CFBundleSignature</key>
+	<string>????</string>
+	<key>CFBundleVersion</key>
+	<string>5.14.2</string>
+	<key>NOTE</key>
+	<string>Please, do NOT change this file -- It was generated by Qt/QMake.</string>
+</dict>
+</plist>

eg4battery/tmp/bms-tool-ref/lv_host.app/Contents/Frameworks/QtDBus.framework/Versions/5/Resources/QtDBus.prl

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+
+QMAKE_PRO_INPUT = dbus.pro
+QMAKE_PRL_TARGET = QtDBus
+QMAKE_PRL_CONFIG = lex yacc depend_includepath testcase_targets import_plugins import_qpa_plugin asset_catalogs rez prepare_docs qt_docs_targets qt_build_extra file_copies qmake_use qt warn_on release link_prl app_bundle incremental global_init_link_order lib_version_first sdk clang_pch_style shared shared qt_framework release macos osx macx mac darwin unix posix gcc clang llvm sse2 aesni sse3 ssse3 sse4_1 sse4_2 avx avx2 avx512f avx512bw avx512cd avx512dq avx512er avx512ifma avx512pf avx512vbmi avx512vl compile_examples f16c force_debug_info largefile precompile_header rdrnd shani x86SimdAlways prefix_build force_independent no_warn_empty_obj_files utf8_source create_prl link_prl no_private_qt_headers_warning QTDIR_build qt_example_installs exceptions_off testcase_exceptions explicitlib testcase_no_bundle warning_clean module_frameworks lib_bundle relative_qt_rpath app_extension_api_only git_build target_qt c++11 strict_c++ c++14 c99 c11 hide_symbols separate_debug_info need_fwd_pri qt_install_module create_cmake sliced_bundle compiler_supports_fpmath create_pc have_target dll debug_info objective_c any_bundle thread moc resources
+QMAKE_PRL_VERSION = 5.14.2
+QMAKE_PRL_LIBS = -F$$[QT_INSTALL_LIBS] -framework QtCore -framework DiskArbitration -framework IOKit
+QMAKE_PRL_LIBS_FOR_CMAKE = -F$$[QT_INSTALL_LIBS];-framework;QtCore;-framework;DiskArbitration;-framework;IOKit;

eg4battery/tmp/bms-tool-ref/lv_host.app/Contents/Frameworks/QtDBus.framework/Versions/Current/Resources/Info.plist

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+<plist version="1.0">
+<dict>
+	<key>CFBundleExecutable</key>
+	<string>QtDBus</string>
+	<key>CFBundleIdentifier</key>
+	<string>org.qt-project.QtDBus</string>
+	<key>CFBundlePackageType</key>
+	<string>FMWK</string>
+	<key>CFBundleShortVersionString</key>
+	<string>5.14</string>
+	<key>CFBundleSignature</key>
+	<string>????</string>
+	<key>CFBundleVersion</key>
+	<string>5.14.2</string>
+	<key>NOTE</key>
+	<string>Please, do NOT change this file -- It was generated by Qt/QMake.</string>
+</dict>
+</plist>

eg4battery/tmp/bms-tool-ref/lv_host.app/Contents/Frameworks/QtDBus.framework/Versions/Current/Resources/QtDBus.prl

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+
+QMAKE_PRO_INPUT = dbus.pro
+QMAKE_PRL_TARGET = QtDBus
+QMAKE_PRL_CONFIG = lex yacc depend_includepath testcase_targets import_plugins import_qpa_plugin asset_catalogs rez prepare_docs qt_docs_targets qt_build_extra file_copies qmake_use qt warn_on release link_prl app_bundle incremental global_init_link_order lib_version_first sdk clang_pch_style shared shared qt_framework release macos osx macx mac darwin unix posix gcc clang llvm sse2 aesni sse3 ssse3 sse4_1 sse4_2 avx avx2 avx512f avx512bw avx512cd avx512dq avx512er avx512ifma avx512pf avx512vbmi avx512vl compile_examples f16c force_debug_info largefile precompile_header rdrnd shani x86SimdAlways prefix_build force_independent no_warn_empty_obj_files utf8_source create_prl link_prl no_private_qt_headers_warning QTDIR_build qt_example_installs exceptions_off testcase_exceptions explicitlib testcase_no_bundle warning_clean module_frameworks lib_bundle relative_qt_rpath app_extension_api_only git_build target_qt c++11 strict_c++ c++14 c99 c11 hide_symbols separate_debug_info need_fwd_pri qt_install_module create_cmake sliced_bundle compiler_supports_fpmath create_pc have_target dll debug_info objective_c any_bundle thread moc resources
+QMAKE_PRL_VERSION = 5.14.2
+QMAKE_PRL_LIBS = -F$$[QT_INSTALL_LIBS] -framework QtCore -framework DiskArbitration -framework IOKit
+QMAKE_PRL_LIBS_FOR_CMAKE = -F$$[QT_INSTALL_LIBS];-framework;QtCore;-framework;DiskArbitration;-framework;IOKit;

eg4battery/tmp/bms-tool-ref/lv_host.app/Contents/Frameworks/QtGui.framework/Resources/Info.plist

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+<plist version="1.0">
+<dict>
+	<key>CFBundleExecutable</key>
+	<string>QtGui</string>
+	<key>CFBundleIdentifier</key>
+	<string>org.qt-project.QtGui</string>
+	<key>CFBundlePackageType</key>
+	<string>FMWK</string>
+	<key>CFBundleShortVersionString</key>
+	<string>5.14</string>
+	<key>CFBundleSignature</key>
+	<string>????</string>
+	<key>CFBundleVersion</key>
+	<string>5.14.2</string>
+	<key>NOTE</key>
+	<string>Please, do NOT change this file -- It was generated by Qt/QMake.</string>
+</dict>
+</plist>

eg4battery/tmp/bms-tool-ref/lv_host.app/Contents/Frameworks/QtGui.framework/Resources/QtGui.prl

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+
+QMAKE_PRO_INPUT = gui.pro
+QMAKE_PRL_TARGET = QtGui
+QMAKE_PRL_CONFIG = lex yacc depend_includepath testcase_targets import_plugins import_qpa_plugin asset_catalogs rez prepare_docs qt_docs_targets qt_build_extra file_copies qmake_use qt warn_on release link_prl app_bundle incremental global_init_link_order lib_version_first sdk clang_pch_style shared shared qt_framework release macos osx macx mac darwin unix posix gcc clang llvm sse2 aesni sse3 ssse3 sse4_1 sse4_2 avx avx2 avx512f avx512bw avx512cd avx512dq avx512er avx512ifma avx512pf avx512vbmi avx512vl compile_examples f16c force_debug_info largefile precompile_header rdrnd shani x86SimdAlways prefix_build force_independent no_warn_empty_obj_files utf8_source create_prl link_prl no_private_qt_headers_warning QTDIR_build qt_example_installs exceptions_off testcase_exceptions explicitlib testcase_no_bundle warning_clean simd optimize_full opengl generated_privates module_frameworks lib_bundle relative_qt_rpath app_extension_api_only git_build target_qt c++11 strict_c++ c++14 c99 c11 hide_symbols separate_debug_info need_fwd_pri qt_install_module create_cmake sliced_bundle compiler_supports_fpmath create_pc qt_tracepoints have_target dll debug_info objective_c any_bundle arch_haswell avx512common avx512core thread moc resources
+QMAKE_PRL_VERSION = 5.14.2
+QMAKE_PRL_LIBS = -F$$[QT_INSTALL_LIBS] -framework AppKit -framework Metal -framework QtCore -framework DiskArbitration -framework IOKit
+QMAKE_PRL_LIBS_FOR_CMAKE = -F$$[QT_INSTALL_LIBS];-framework;AppKit;-framework;Metal;-framework;QtCore;-framework;DiskArbitration;-framework;IOKit;

eg4battery/tmp/bms-tool-ref/lv_host.app/Contents/Frameworks/QtGui.framework/Versions/5/Resources/Info.plist

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+<plist version="1.0">
+<dict>
+	<key>CFBundleExecutable</key>
+	<string>QtGui</string>
+	<key>CFBundleIdentifier</key>
+	<string>org.qt-project.QtGui</string>
+	<key>CFBundlePackageType</key>
+	<string>FMWK</string>
+	<key>CFBundleShortVersionString</key>
+	<string>5.14</string>
+	<key>CFBundleSignature</key>
+	<string>????</string>
+	<key>CFBundleVersion</key>
+	<string>5.14.2</string>
+	<key>NOTE</key>
+	<string>Please, do NOT change this file -- It was generated by Qt/QMake.</string>
+</dict>
+</plist>

eg4battery/tmp/bms-tool-ref/lv_host.app/Contents/Frameworks/QtGui.framework/Versions/5/Resources/QtGui.prl

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+
+QMAKE_PRO_INPUT = gui.pro
+QMAKE_PRL_TARGET = QtGui
+QMAKE_PRL_CONFIG = lex yacc depend_includepath testcase_targets import_plugins import_qpa_plugin asset_catalogs rez prepare_docs qt_docs_targets qt_build_extra file_copies qmake_use qt warn_on release link_prl app_bundle incremental global_init_link_order lib_version_first sdk clang_pch_style shared shared qt_framework release macos osx macx mac darwin unix posix gcc clang llvm sse2 aesni sse3 ssse3 sse4_1 sse4_2 avx avx2 avx512f avx512bw avx512cd avx512dq avx512er avx512ifma avx512pf avx512vbmi avx512vl compile_examples f16c force_debug_info largefile precompile_header rdrnd shani x86SimdAlways prefix_build force_independent no_warn_empty_obj_files utf8_source create_prl link_prl no_private_qt_headers_warning QTDIR_build qt_example_installs exceptions_off testcase_exceptions explicitlib testcase_no_bundle warning_clean simd optimize_full opengl generated_privates module_frameworks lib_bundle relative_qt_rpath app_extension_api_only git_build target_qt c++11 strict_c++ c++14 c99 c11 hide_symbols separate_debug_info need_fwd_pri qt_install_module create_cmake sliced_bundle compiler_supports_fpmath create_pc qt_tracepoints have_target dll debug_info objective_c any_bundle arch_haswell avx512common avx512core thread moc resources
+QMAKE_PRL_VERSION = 5.14.2
+QMAKE_PRL_LIBS = -F$$[QT_INSTALL_LIBS] -framework AppKit -framework Metal -framework QtCore -framework DiskArbitration -framework IOKit
+QMAKE_PRL_LIBS_FOR_CMAKE = -F$$[QT_INSTALL_LIBS];-framework;AppKit;-framework;Metal;-framework;QtCore;-framework;DiskArbitration;-framework;IOKit;

eg4battery/tmp/bms-tool-ref/lv_host.app/Contents/Frameworks/QtGui.framework/Versions/Current/Resources/Info.plist

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+<plist version="1.0">
+<dict>
+	<key>CFBundleExecutable</key>
+	<string>QtGui</string>
+	<key>CFBundleIdentifier</key>
+	<string>org.qt-project.QtGui</string>
+	<key>CFBundlePackageType</key>
+	<string>FMWK</string>
+	<key>CFBundleShortVersionString</key>
+	<string>5.14</string>
+	<key>CFBundleSignature</key>
+	<string>????</string>
+	<key>CFBundleVersion</key>
+	<string>5.14.2</string>
+	<key>NOTE</key>
+	<string>Please, do NOT change this file -- It was generated by Qt/QMake.</string>
+</dict>
+</plist>

eg4battery/tmp/bms-tool-ref/lv_host.app/Contents/Frameworks/QtGui.framework/Versions/Current/Resources/QtGui.prl

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+
+QMAKE_PRO_INPUT = gui.pro
+QMAKE_PRL_TARGET = QtGui
+QMAKE_PRL_CONFIG = lex yacc depend_includepath testcase_targets import_plugins import_qpa_plugin asset_catalogs rez prepare_docs qt_docs_targets qt_build_extra file_copies qmake_use qt warn_on release link_prl app_bundle incremental global_init_link_order lib_version_first sdk clang_pch_style shared shared qt_framework release macos osx macx mac darwin unix posix gcc clang llvm sse2 aesni sse3 ssse3 sse4_1 sse4_2 avx avx2 avx512f avx512bw avx512cd avx512dq avx512er avx512ifma avx512pf avx512vbmi avx512vl compile_examples f16c force_debug_info largefile precompile_header rdrnd shani x86SimdAlways prefix_build force_independent no_warn_empty_obj_files utf8_source create_prl link_prl no_private_qt_headers_warning QTDIR_build qt_example_installs exceptions_off testcase_exceptions explicitlib testcase_no_bundle warning_clean simd optimize_full opengl generated_privates module_frameworks lib_bundle relative_qt_rpath app_extension_api_only git_build target_qt c++11 strict_c++ c++14 c99 c11 hide_symbols separate_debug_info need_fwd_pri qt_install_module create_cmake sliced_bundle compiler_supports_fpmath create_pc qt_tracepoints have_target dll debug_info objective_c any_bundle arch_haswell avx512common avx512core thread moc resources
+QMAKE_PRL_VERSION = 5.14.2
+QMAKE_PRL_LIBS = -F$$[QT_INSTALL_LIBS] -framework AppKit -framework Metal -framework QtCore -framework DiskArbitration -framework IOKit
+QMAKE_PRL_LIBS_FOR_CMAKE = -F$$[QT_INSTALL_LIBS];-framework;AppKit;-framework;Metal;-framework;QtCore;-framework;DiskArbitration;-framework;IOKit;

eg4battery/tmp/bms-tool-ref/lv_host.app/Contents/Frameworks/QtNetwork.framework/Resources/Info.plist

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+<plist version="1.0">
+<dict>
+	<key>CFBundleExecutable</key>
+	<string>QtNetwork</string>
+	<key>CFBundleIdentifier</key>
+	<string>org.qt-project.QtNetwork</string>
+	<key>CFBundlePackageType</key>
+	<string>FMWK</string>
+	<key>CFBundleShortVersionString</key>
+	<string>5.14</string>
+	<key>CFBundleSignature</key>
+	<string>????</string>
+	<key>CFBundleVersion</key>
+	<string>5.14.2</string>
+	<key>NOTE</key>
+	<string>Please, do NOT change this file -- It was generated by Qt/QMake.</string>
+</dict>
+</plist>

eg4battery/tmp/bms-tool-ref/lv_host.app/Contents/Frameworks/QtNetwork.framework/Resources/QtNetwork.prl

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+
+QMAKE_PRO_INPUT = network.pro
+QMAKE_PRL_TARGET = QtNetwork
+QMAKE_PRL_CONFIG = lex yacc depend_includepath testcase_targets import_plugins import_qpa_plugin asset_catalogs rez prepare_docs qt_docs_targets qt_build_extra file_copies qmake_use qt warn_on release link_prl app_bundle incremental global_init_link_order lib_version_first sdk clang_pch_style shared shared qt_framework release macos osx macx mac darwin unix posix gcc clang llvm sse2 aesni sse3 ssse3 sse4_1 sse4_2 avx avx2 avx512f avx512bw avx512cd avx512dq avx512er avx512ifma avx512pf avx512vbmi avx512vl compile_examples f16c force_debug_info largefile precompile_header rdrnd shani x86SimdAlways prefix_build force_independent no_warn_empty_obj_files utf8_source create_prl link_prl no_private_qt_headers_warning QTDIR_build qt_example_installs exceptions_off testcase_exceptions explicitlib testcase_no_bundle warning_clean generated_privates module_frameworks lib_bundle relative_qt_rpath app_extension_api_only git_build target_qt c++11 strict_c++ c++14 c99 c11 hide_symbols separate_debug_info need_fwd_pri qt_install_module create_cmake sliced_bundle compiler_supports_fpmath create_pc have_target dll debug_info objective_c any_bundle thread moc resources
+QMAKE_PRL_VERSION = 5.14.2
+QMAKE_PRL_LIBS = -F$$[QT_INSTALL_LIBS] -framework QtCore -framework DiskArbitration -framework IOKit
+QMAKE_PRL_LIBS_FOR_CMAKE = -F$$[QT_INSTALL_LIBS];-framework;QtCore;-framework;DiskArbitration;-framework;IOKit;

eg4battery/tmp/bms-tool-ref/lv_host.app/Contents/Frameworks/QtNetwork.framework/Versions/5/Resources/Info.plist

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+<plist version="1.0">
+<dict>
+	<key>CFBundleExecutable</key>
+	<string>QtNetwork</string>
+	<key>CFBundleIdentifier</key>
+	<string>org.qt-project.QtNetwork</string>
+	<key>CFBundlePackageType</key>
+	<string>FMWK</string>
+	<key>CFBundleShortVersionString</key>
+	<string>5.14</string>
+	<key>CFBundleSignature</key>
+	<string>????</string>
+	<key>CFBundleVersion</key>
+	<string>5.14.2</string>
+	<key>NOTE</key>
+	<string>Please, do NOT change this file -- It was generated by Qt/QMake.</string>
+</dict>
+</plist>

eg4battery/tmp/bms-tool-ref/lv_host.app/Contents/Frameworks/QtNetwork.framework/Versions/5/Resources/QtNetwork.prl

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+
+QMAKE_PRO_INPUT = network.pro
+QMAKE_PRL_TARGET = QtNetwork
+QMAKE_PRL_CONFIG = lex yacc depend_includepath testcase_targets import_plugins import_qpa_plugin asset_catalogs rez prepare_docs qt_docs_targets qt_build_extra file_copies qmake_use qt warn_on release link_prl app_bundle incremental global_init_link_order lib_version_first sdk clang_pch_style shared shared qt_framework release macos osx macx mac darwin unix posix gcc clang llvm sse2 aesni sse3 ssse3 sse4_1 sse4_2 avx avx2 avx512f avx512bw avx512cd avx512dq avx512er avx512ifma avx512pf avx512vbmi avx512vl compile_examples f16c force_debug_info largefile precompile_header rdrnd shani x86SimdAlways prefix_build force_independent no_warn_empty_obj_files utf8_source create_prl link_prl no_private_qt_headers_warning QTDIR_build qt_example_installs exceptions_off testcase_exceptions explicitlib testcase_no_bundle warning_clean generated_privates module_frameworks lib_bundle relative_qt_rpath app_extension_api_only git_build target_qt c++11 strict_c++ c++14 c99 c11 hide_symbols separate_debug_info need_fwd_pri qt_install_module create_cmake sliced_bundle compiler_supports_fpmath create_pc have_target dll debug_info objective_c any_bundle thread moc resources
+QMAKE_PRL_VERSION = 5.14.2
+QMAKE_PRL_LIBS = -F$$[QT_INSTALL_LIBS] -framework QtCore -framework DiskArbitration -framework IOKit
+QMAKE_PRL_LIBS_FOR_CMAKE = -F$$[QT_INSTALL_LIBS];-framework;QtCore;-framework;DiskArbitration;-framework;IOKit;

eg4battery/tmp/bms-tool-ref/lv_host.app/Contents/Frameworks/QtNetwork.framework/Versions/Current/Resources/Info.plist

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+<plist version="1.0">
+<dict>
+	<key>CFBundleExecutable</key>
+	<string>QtNetwork</string>
+	<key>CFBundleIdentifier</key>
+	<string>org.qt-project.QtNetwork</string>
+	<key>CFBundlePackageType</key>
+	<string>FMWK</string>
+	<key>CFBundleShortVersionString</key>
+	<string>5.14</string>
+	<key>CFBundleSignature</key>
+	<string>????</string>
+	<key>CFBundleVersion</key>
+	<string>5.14.2</string>
+	<key>NOTE</key>
+	<string>Please, do NOT change this file -- It was generated by Qt/QMake.</string>
+</dict>
+</plist>

eg4battery/tmp/bms-tool-ref/lv_host.app/Contents/Frameworks/QtNetwork.framework/Versions/Current/Resources/QtNetwork.prl

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+
+QMAKE_PRO_INPUT = network.pro
+QMAKE_PRL_TARGET = QtNetwork
+QMAKE_PRL_CONFIG = lex yacc depend_includepath testcase_targets import_plugins import_qpa_plugin asset_catalogs rez prepare_docs qt_docs_targets qt_build_extra file_copies qmake_use qt warn_on release link_prl app_bundle incremental global_init_link_order lib_version_first sdk clang_pch_style shared shared qt_framework release macos osx macx mac darwin unix posix gcc clang llvm sse2 aesni sse3 ssse3 sse4_1 sse4_2 avx avx2 avx512f avx512bw avx512cd avx512dq avx512er avx512ifma avx512pf avx512vbmi avx512vl compile_examples f16c force_debug_info largefile precompile_header rdrnd shani x86SimdAlways prefix_build force_independent no_warn_empty_obj_files utf8_source create_prl link_prl no_private_qt_headers_warning QTDIR_build qt_example_installs exceptions_off testcase_exceptions explicitlib testcase_no_bundle warning_clean generated_privates module_frameworks lib_bundle relative_qt_rpath app_extension_api_only git_build target_qt c++11 strict_c++ c++14 c99 c11 hide_symbols separate_debug_info need_fwd_pri qt_install_module create_cmake sliced_bundle compiler_supports_fpmath create_pc have_target dll debug_info objective_c any_bundle thread moc resources
+QMAKE_PRL_VERSION = 5.14.2
+QMAKE_PRL_LIBS = -F$$[QT_INSTALL_LIBS] -framework QtCore -framework DiskArbitration -framework IOKit
+QMAKE_PRL_LIBS_FOR_CMAKE = -F$$[QT_INSTALL_LIBS];-framework;QtCore;-framework;DiskArbitration;-framework;IOKit;

eg4battery/tmp/bms-tool-ref/lv_host.app/Contents/Frameworks/QtPrintSupport.framework/Resources/Info.plist

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+<plist version="1.0">
+<dict>
+	<key>CFBundleExecutable</key>
+	<string>QtPrintSupport</string>
+	<key>CFBundleIdentifier</key>
+	<string>org.qt-project.QtPrintSupport</string>
+	<key>CFBundlePackageType</key>
+	<string>FMWK</string>
+	<key>CFBundleShortVersionString</key>
+	<string>5.14</string>
+	<key>CFBundleSignature</key>
+	<string>????</string>
+	<key>CFBundleVersion</key>
+	<string>5.14.2</string>
+	<key>NOTE</key>
+	<string>Please, do NOT change this file -- It was generated by Qt/QMake.</string>
+</dict>
+</plist>

eg4battery/tmp/bms-tool-ref/lv_host.app/Contents/Frameworks/QtPrintSupport.framework/Resources/QtPrintSupport.prl

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+
+QMAKE_PRO_INPUT = printsupport.pro
+QMAKE_PRL_TARGET = QtPrintSupport
+QMAKE_PRL_CONFIG = lex yacc depend_includepath testcase_targets import_plugins import_qpa_plugin asset_catalogs rez prepare_docs qt_docs_targets qt_build_extra file_copies qmake_use qt warn_on release link_prl app_bundle incremental global_init_link_order lib_version_first sdk clang_pch_style shared shared qt_framework release macos osx macx mac darwin unix posix gcc clang llvm sse2 aesni sse3 ssse3 sse4_1 sse4_2 avx avx2 avx512f avx512bw avx512cd avx512dq avx512er avx512ifma avx512pf avx512vbmi avx512vl compile_examples f16c force_debug_info largefile precompile_header rdrnd shani x86SimdAlways prefix_build force_independent no_warn_empty_obj_files utf8_source create_prl link_prl no_private_qt_headers_warning QTDIR_build qt_example_installs exceptions_off testcase_exceptions explicitlib testcase_no_bundle warning_clean generated_privates module_frameworks lib_bundle relative_qt_rpath app_extension_api_only git_build target_qt c++11 strict_c++ c++14 c99 c11 hide_symbols separate_debug_info need_fwd_pri qt_install_module create_cmake sliced_bundle compiler_supports_fpmath create_pc have_target dll debug_info objective_c any_bundle thread uic opengl moc resources
+QMAKE_PRL_VERSION = 5.14.2
+QMAKE_PRL_LIBS = -F$$[QT_INSTALL_LIBS] -framework QtWidgets -framework QtGui -framework AppKit -framework Metal -framework QtCore -framework DiskArbitration -framework IOKit
+QMAKE_PRL_LIBS_FOR_CMAKE = -F$$[QT_INSTALL_LIBS];-framework;QtWidgets;-framework;QtGui;-framework;AppKit;-framework;Metal;-framework;QtCore;-framework;DiskArbitration;-framework;IOKit;

eg4battery/tmp/bms-tool-ref/lv_host.app/Contents/Frameworks/QtPrintSupport.framework/Versions/5/Resources/Info.plist

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+<plist version="1.0">
+<dict>
+	<key>CFBundleExecutable</key>
+	<string>QtPrintSupport</string>
+	<key>CFBundleIdentifier</key>
+	<string>org.qt-project.QtPrintSupport</string>
+	<key>CFBundlePackageType</key>
+	<string>FMWK</string>
+	<key>CFBundleShortVersionString</key>
+	<string>5.14</string>
+	<key>CFBundleSignature</key>
+	<string>????</string>
+	<key>CFBundleVersion</key>
+	<string>5.14.2</string>
+	<key>NOTE</key>
+	<string>Please, do NOT change this file -- It was generated by Qt/QMake.</string>
+</dict>
+</plist>

eg4battery/tmp/bms-tool-ref/lv_host.app/Contents/Frameworks/QtPrintSupport.framework/Versions/5/Resources/QtPrintSupport.prl

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+
+QMAKE_PRO_INPUT = printsupport.pro
+QMAKE_PRL_TARGET = QtPrintSupport
+QMAKE_PRL_CONFIG = lex yacc depend_includepath testcase_targets import_plugins import_qpa_plugin asset_catalogs rez prepare_docs qt_docs_targets qt_build_extra file_copies qmake_use qt warn_on release link_prl app_bundle incremental global_init_link_order lib_version_first sdk clang_pch_style shared shared qt_framework release macos osx macx mac darwin unix posix gcc clang llvm sse2 aesni sse3 ssse3 sse4_1 sse4_2 avx avx2 avx512f avx512bw avx512cd avx512dq avx512er avx512ifma avx512pf avx512vbmi avx512vl compile_examples f16c force_debug_info largefile precompile_header rdrnd shani x86SimdAlways prefix_build force_independent no_warn_empty_obj_files utf8_source create_prl link_prl no_private_qt_headers_warning QTDIR_build qt_example_installs exceptions_off testcase_exceptions explicitlib testcase_no_bundle warning_clean generated_privates module_frameworks lib_bundle relative_qt_rpath app_extension_api_only git_build target_qt c++11 strict_c++ c++14 c99 c11 hide_symbols separate_debug_info need_fwd_pri qt_install_module create_cmake sliced_bundle compiler_supports_fpmath create_pc have_target dll debug_info objective_c any_bundle thread uic opengl moc resources
+QMAKE_PRL_VERSION = 5.14.2
+QMAKE_PRL_LIBS = -F$$[QT_INSTALL_LIBS] -framework QtWidgets -framework QtGui -framework AppKit -framework Metal -framework QtCore -framework DiskArbitration -framework IOKit
+QMAKE_PRL_LIBS_FOR_CMAKE = -F$$[QT_INSTALL_LIBS];-framework;QtWidgets;-framework;QtGui;-framework;AppKit;-framework;Metal;-framework;QtCore;-framework;DiskArbitration;-framework;IOKit;

eg4battery/tmp/bms-tool-ref/lv_host.app/Contents/Frameworks/QtPrintSupport.framework/Versions/Current/Resources/Info.plist

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+<plist version="1.0">
+<dict>
+	<key>CFBundleExecutable</key>
+	<string>QtPrintSupport</string>
+	<key>CFBundleIdentifier</key>
+	<string>org.qt-project.QtPrintSupport</string>
+	<key>CFBundlePackageType</key>
+	<string>FMWK</string>
+	<key>CFBundleShortVersionString</key>
+	<string>5.14</string>
+	<key>CFBundleSignature</key>
+	<string>????</string>
+	<key>CFBundleVersion</key>
+	<string>5.14.2</string>
+	<key>NOTE</key>
+	<string>Please, do NOT change this file -- It was generated by Qt/QMake.</string>
+</dict>
+</plist>

eg4battery/tmp/bms-tool-ref/lv_host.app/Contents/Frameworks/QtPrintSupport.framework/Versions/Current/Resources/QtPrintSupport.prl

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+
+QMAKE_PRO_INPUT = printsupport.pro
+QMAKE_PRL_TARGET = QtPrintSupport
+QMAKE_PRL_CONFIG = lex yacc depend_includepath testcase_targets import_plugins import_qpa_plugin asset_catalogs rez prepare_docs qt_docs_targets qt_build_extra file_copies qmake_use qt warn_on release link_prl app_bundle incremental global_init_link_order lib_version_first sdk clang_pch_style shared shared qt_framework release macos osx macx mac darwin unix posix gcc clang llvm sse2 aesni sse3 ssse3 sse4_1 sse4_2 avx avx2 avx512f avx512bw avx512cd avx512dq avx512er avx512ifma avx512pf avx512vbmi avx512vl compile_examples f16c force_debug_info largefile precompile_header rdrnd shani x86SimdAlways prefix_build force_independent no_warn_empty_obj_files utf8_source create_prl link_prl no_private_qt_headers_warning QTDIR_build qt_example_installs exceptions_off testcase_exceptions explicitlib testcase_no_bundle warning_clean generated_privates module_frameworks lib_bundle relative_qt_rpath app_extension_api_only git_build target_qt c++11 strict_c++ c++14 c99 c11 hide_symbols separate_debug_info need_fwd_pri qt_install_module create_cmake sliced_bundle compiler_supports_fpmath create_pc have_target dll debug_info objective_c any_bundle thread uic opengl moc resources
+QMAKE_PRL_VERSION = 5.14.2
+QMAKE_PRL_LIBS = -F$$[QT_INSTALL_LIBS] -framework QtWidgets -framework QtGui -framework AppKit -framework Metal -framework QtCore -framework DiskArbitration -framework IOKit
+QMAKE_PRL_LIBS_FOR_CMAKE = -F$$[QT_INSTALL_LIBS];-framework;QtWidgets;-framework;QtGui;-framework;AppKit;-framework;Metal;-framework;QtCore;-framework;DiskArbitration;-framework;IOKit;

eg4battery/tmp/bms-tool-ref/lv_host.app/Contents/Frameworks/QtQml.framework/Resources/Info.plist

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+<plist version="1.0">
+<dict>
+	<key>CFBundleExecutable</key>
+	<string>QtQml</string>
+	<key>CFBundleIdentifier</key>
+	<string>org.qt-project.QtQml</string>
+	<key>CFBundlePackageType</key>
+	<string>FMWK</string>
+	<key>CFBundleShortVersionString</key>
+	<string>5.14</string>
+	<key>CFBundleSignature</key>
+	<string>????</string>
+	<key>CFBundleVersion</key>
+	<string>5.14.2</string>
+	<key>NOTE</key>
+	<string>Please, do NOT change this file -- It was generated by Qt/QMake.</string>
+</dict>
+</plist>

eg4battery/tmp/bms-tool-ref/lv_host.app/Contents/Frameworks/QtQml.framework/Resources/QtQml.prl

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+
+QMAKE_PRO_INPUT = qml.pro
+QMAKE_PRL_TARGET = QtQml
+QMAKE_PRL_CONFIG = lex yacc depend_includepath testcase_targets import_plugins import_qpa_plugin asset_catalogs rez prepare_docs qt_docs_targets qt_build_extra file_copies qmake_use qt warn_on release link_prl app_bundle incremental global_init_link_order lib_version_first sdk clang_pch_style shared shared qt_framework release macos osx macx mac darwin unix posix gcc clang llvm sse2 aesni sse3 ssse3 sse4_1 sse4_2 avx avx2 avx512f avx512bw avx512cd avx512dq avx512er avx512ifma avx512pf avx512vbmi avx512vl compile_examples f16c force_debug_info largefile precompile_header rdrnd shani x86SimdAlways prefix_build force_independent no_warn_empty_obj_files utf8_source create_prl link_prl no_private_qt_headers_warning QTDIR_build qt_example_installs exceptions_off testcase_exceptions explicitlib testcase_no_bundle warning_clean python_available qt_tracepoints qlalr generated_privates module_frameworks lib_bundle relative_qt_rpath app_extension_api_only git_build target_qt c++11 strict_c++ c++14 c99 c11 hide_symbols separate_debug_info need_fwd_pri qt_install_module create_cmake sliced_bundle compiler_supports_fpmath create_pc have_target dll debug_info objective_c any_bundle thread moc resources
+QMAKE_PRL_VERSION = 5.14.2
+QMAKE_PRL_LIBS = -F$$[QT_INSTALL_LIBS] -framework QtNetwork -framework QtCore -framework DiskArbitration -framework IOKit
+QMAKE_PRL_LIBS_FOR_CMAKE = -F$$[QT_INSTALL_LIBS];-framework;QtNetwork;-framework;QtCore;-framework;DiskArbitration;-framework;IOKit;

eg4battery/tmp/bms-tool-ref/lv_host.app/Contents/Frameworks/QtQml.framework/Versions/5/Resources/Info.plist

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+<plist version="1.0">
+<dict>
+	<key>CFBundleExecutable</key>
+	<string>QtQml</string>
+	<key>CFBundleIdentifier</key>
+	<string>org.qt-project.QtQml</string>
+	<key>CFBundlePackageType</key>
+	<string>FMWK</string>
+	<key>CFBundleShortVersionString</key>
+	<string>5.14</string>
+	<key>CFBundleSignature</key>
+	<string>????</string>
+	<key>CFBundleVersion</key>
+	<string>5.14.2</string>
+	<key>NOTE</key>
+	<string>Please, do NOT change this file -- It was generated by Qt/QMake.</string>
+</dict>
+</plist>

eg4battery/tmp/bms-tool-ref/lv_host.app/Contents/Frameworks/QtQml.framework/Versions/5/Resources/QtQml.prl

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+
+QMAKE_PRO_INPUT = qml.pro
+QMAKE_PRL_TARGET = QtQml
+QMAKE_PRL_CONFIG = lex yacc depend_includepath testcase_targets import_plugins import_qpa_plugin asset_catalogs rez prepare_docs qt_docs_targets qt_build_extra file_copies qmake_use qt warn_on release link_prl app_bundle incremental global_init_link_order lib_version_first sdk clang_pch_style shared shared qt_framework release macos osx macx mac darwin unix posix gcc clang llvm sse2 aesni sse3 ssse3 sse4_1 sse4_2 avx avx2 avx512f avx512bw avx512cd avx512dq avx512er avx512ifma avx512pf avx512vbmi avx512vl compile_examples f16c force_debug_info largefile precompile_header rdrnd shani x86SimdAlways prefix_build force_independent no_warn_empty_obj_files utf8_source create_prl link_prl no_private_qt_headers_warning QTDIR_build qt_example_installs exceptions_off testcase_exceptions explicitlib testcase_no_bundle warning_clean python_available qt_tracepoints qlalr generated_privates module_frameworks lib_bundle relative_qt_rpath app_extension_api_only git_build target_qt c++11 strict_c++ c++14 c99 c11 hide_symbols separate_debug_info need_fwd_pri qt_install_module create_cmake sliced_bundle compiler_supports_fpmath create_pc have_target dll debug_info objective_c any_bundle thread moc resources
+QMAKE_PRL_VERSION = 5.14.2
+QMAKE_PRL_LIBS = -F$$[QT_INSTALL_LIBS] -framework QtNetwork -framework QtCore -framework DiskArbitration -framework IOKit
+QMAKE_PRL_LIBS_FOR_CMAKE = -F$$[QT_INSTALL_LIBS];-framework;QtNetwork;-framework;QtCore;-framework;DiskArbitration;-framework;IOKit;

eg4battery/tmp/bms-tool-ref/lv_host.app/Contents/Frameworks/QtQml.framework/Versions/Current/Resources/Info.plist

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+<plist version="1.0">
+<dict>
+	<key>CFBundleExecutable</key>
+	<string>QtQml</string>
+	<key>CFBundleIdentifier</key>
+	<string>org.qt-project.QtQml</string>
+	<key>CFBundlePackageType</key>
+	<string>FMWK</string>
+	<key>CFBundleShortVersionString</key>
+	<string>5.14</string>
+	<key>CFBundleSignature</key>
+	<string>????</string>
+	<key>CFBundleVersion</key>
+	<string>5.14.2</string>
+	<key>NOTE</key>
+	<string>Please, do NOT change this file -- It was generated by Qt/QMake.</string>
+</dict>
+</plist>