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src/render/canvasPhoto.js

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+/* ============================================================
+   canvasPhoto.js — the photographic raster renderer.
+   A multi-pass compositor that turns the pure scene model into
+   something that reads as a worn bubble-chamber plate:
+     paper + gas-glow → tonal mottle → ink (soft blooming
+     bubbles that merge into lines) → halation → shock disk →
+     plate damage → vignette → film grain.
+   Geometry is identical to the vector renderer; only the look
+   differs. Same code path serves the live preview and the
+   high-resolution print render (effect radii scale with size).
+   ============================================================ */
+import { makeRng } from '../rng.js';
+import { sampleBubbles, trackInkWeight } from '../scene/bubbles.js';
+import { mottleCanvas, grainCanvas } from './noise.js';
+
+const MARGIN = 0.02;
+
+/* ---- palettes ---- */
+function palette(inv) {
+  return inv
+    ? { paperFlat: '#d3ccb8', glowIn: '#e4ddc9', glowOut: '#b3aa92',
+        ink: [28, 24, 19], inkBlend: 'multiply',
+        lift: 'screen', vign: [56, 46, 32] }
+    : { paperFlat: '#0e0d0b', glowIn: '#211e18', glowOut: '#070605',
+        ink: [233, 228, 214], inkBlend: 'screen',
+        lift: 'multiply', vign: [0, 0, 0] };
+}
+
+/* cached noise canvases (rebuilt only when seed/size change) */
+const noiseCache = { key: '', mottleA: null, mottleB: null, grain: null, sprite: null, spriteKey: '' };
+
+function softDotSprite(inkRGB) {
+  const key = inkRGB.join(',');
+  if (noiseCache.sprite && noiseCache.spriteKey === key) return noiseCache.sprite;
+  const S = 64;
+  const c = document.createElement('canvas');
+  c.width = c.height = S;
+  const g = c.getContext('2d');
+  const grad = g.createRadialGradient(S / 2, S / 2, 0, S / 2, S / 2, S / 2);
+  const [r, gr, b] = inkRGB;
+  grad.addColorStop(0.0, `rgba(${r},${gr},${b},1)`);
+  grad.addColorStop(0.30, `rgba(${r},${gr},${b},0.92)`);
+  grad.addColorStop(0.62, `rgba(${r},${gr},${b},0.40)`);
+  grad.addColorStop(1.0, `rgba(${r},${gr},${b},0)`);
+  g.fillStyle = grad;
+  g.fillRect(0, 0, S, S);
+  noiseCache.sprite = c; noiseCache.spriteKey = key;
+  return c;
+}
+
+export function renderCanvasPhoto(ctx, w, h, scene, params, opts = {}) {
+  const pre = opts.preview !== false;
+  const inv = params.invert;
+  const P = palette(inv);
+  const scale = (w / 2) * (1 - MARGIN);
+  const cx = w / 2, cy = h / 2;
+  const tx = (x) => cx + x * scale;
+  const ty = (y) => cy + y * scale;
+  const u = w / 1000;                 // unit scale relative to a 1000px render
+  const blur = (px) => `blur(${(px * u).toFixed(2)}px)`;
+
+  // ---- noise cache key ----
+  const nKey = `${params.seed}|${w}`;
+  if (noiseCache.key !== nKey) {
+    noiseCache.key = nKey;
+    noiseCache.mottleA = mottleCanvas(params.seed, Math.min(512, w), 4, 4);   // broad blotches
+    noiseCache.mottleB = mottleCanvas(params.seed + '#b', Math.min(512, w), 14, 4); // medium
+    noiseCache.grain = grainCanvas(params.seed, Math.max(256, Math.round(w / 2.2)), 1.15);
+  }
+
+  /* ---------- Pass 1: paper + gas glow ---------- */
+  ctx.globalCompositeOperation = 'source-over';
+  ctx.globalAlpha = 1;
+  ctx.fillStyle = P.paperFlat;
+  ctx.fillRect(0, 0, w, h);
+  const glow = ctx.createRadialGradient(w * 0.5, h * 0.42, 0, w * 0.5, h * 0.5, w * 0.72);
+  glow.addColorStop(0, P.glowIn);
+  glow.addColorStop(1, P.glowOut);
+  ctx.fillStyle = glow;
+  ctx.fillRect(0, 0, w, h);
+
+  /* ---------- Pass 2: tonal mottle (uneven development) ---------- */
+  if (params.mottle > 0) {
+    ctx.save();
+    ctx.globalCompositeOperation = inv ? 'multiply' : 'screen';
+    ctx.globalAlpha = params.mottle * 0.5;
+    ctx.drawImage(noiseCache.mottleA, 0, 0, w, h);
+    ctx.globalAlpha = params.mottle * 0.28;
+    ctx.drawImage(noiseCache.mottleB, 0, 0, w, h);
+    ctx.restore();
+  }
+
+  /* ---------- Pass 2.5: chamber optics / structural geometry ---------- */
+  if (scene.instrument) drawInstrument(ctx, scene.instrument, tx, ty, scale, u, P, inv);
+
+  /* ---------- Pass 3: ink layer (offscreen, transparent) ---------- */
+  const ink = document.createElement('canvas');
+  ink.width = w; ink.height = h;
+  const ic = ink.getContext('2d');
+  const [ir, ig, ib] = P.ink;
+  const sprite = softDotSprite(P.ink);
+
+  // NOTE: never set ic.filter here — a filter set before the bubble loop is
+  // re-applied to every single drawImage stamp (tens of thousands), which is
+  // catastrophically slow and scales with size. Softness is the sprite's job,
+  // plus one whole-layer blur at composite time (Pass 5).
+
+  // 3a. continuity under-stroke beneath each track
+  ic.lineCap = 'round'; ic.lineJoin = 'round';
+  for (const track of scene.tracks) {
+    if (track.pts.length < 2) continue;
+    const iw = trackInkWeight(track);
+    const wgt = track.weight;
+    const lw = Math.min(2.6, (0.25 + Math.sqrt(iw) * 0.12)) * u * params.size * wgt;
+    if (lw < 0.2 * u) continue;
+    ic.strokeStyle = `rgba(${ir},${ig},${ib},${0.14 * wgt})`;
+    ic.lineWidth = lw;
+    ic.beginPath();
+    ic.moveTo(tx(track.pts[0].x), ty(track.pts[0].y));
+    for (let i = 1; i < track.pts.length; i++) ic.lineTo(tx(track.pts[i].x), ty(track.pts[i].y));
+    ic.stroke();
+  }
+
+  // 3b. soft blooming bubbles (stamped sprite; overlaps merge into lines)
+  const bubbleRng = makeRng(params.seed, 'bubbles');
+  for (const track of scene.tracks) {
+    const bubs = sampleBubbles(track, params, bubbleRng);
+    ic.globalAlpha = Math.min(1, 0.45 + track.weight * 0.5);
+    for (const b of bubs) {
+      const rr = Math.max(b.r * scale, 0.45);
+      const d = rr * 2.4;            // sprite footprint a touch larger than core
+      ic.drawImage(sprite, tx(b.x) - d / 2, ty(b.y) - d / 2, d, d);
+    }
+  }
+  ic.globalAlpha = 1;
+
+  // 3c. shock disk drawn into the ink layer so bloom catches it
+  if (scene.shock) drawShock(ic, scene.shock, tx, ty, scale, u, P);
+
+  /* ---------- Pass 4: halation / bloom ---------- */
+  // composite a blurred copy of the ink under the sharp ink for soft spread
+  if (params.bloom > 0) {
+    ctx.save();
+    ctx.globalCompositeOperation = P.inkBlend;
+    ctx.globalAlpha = Math.min(0.9, params.bloom * 0.7);
+    ctx.filter = blur(pre ? 2.4 : 3.0);
+    ctx.drawImage(ink, 0, 0);
+    ctx.filter = 'none';
+    ctx.restore();
+  }
+
+  /* ---------- Pass 5: composite sharp ink onto paper (one soft-focus blur) ---------- */
+  ctx.save();
+  ctx.globalCompositeOperation = P.inkBlend;
+  ctx.globalAlpha = 1;
+  ctx.filter = blur(pre ? 0.5 : 0.7);   // single whole-layer blur, not per-stamp
+  ctx.drawImage(ink, 0, 0);
+  ctx.filter = 'none';
+  ctx.restore();
+
+  /* ---------- Pass 6: plate damage ---------- */
+  drawDamage(ctx, scene.artifacts, tx, ty, scale, u, P, inv);
+
+  /* ---------- Pass 7: fiducials, boundary & archival header ---------- */
+  drawFiducialsBoundary(ctx, w, h, params, scale, cx, cy, tx, ty, u, P, inv);
+  if (params.showHeader) drawHeader(ctx, w, h, scene, params, u, P);
+
+  /* ---------- Pass 8: vignette ---------- */
+  if (params.vign > 0) {
+    const vg = ctx.createRadialGradient(w / 2, h / 2, w * 0.28, w / 2, h / 2, w * 0.72);
+    const [vr, vgc, vb] = P.vign;
+    vg.addColorStop(0, `rgba(${vr},${vgc},${vb},0)`);
+    vg.addColorStop(1, `rgba(${vr},${vgc},${vb},${params.vign * (inv ? 0.5 : 0.85)})`);
+    ctx.fillStyle = vg;
+    ctx.fillRect(0, 0, w, h);
+  }
+
+  /* ---------- Pass 9: film grain ---------- */
+  if (params.grain > 0) {
+    ctx.save();
+    ctx.globalCompositeOperation = 'overlay';
+    ctx.globalAlpha = Math.min(0.85, params.grain * 0.7);
+    // tile the grain canvas across at ~1:1.6 so clumps are supra-pixel
+    const gsz = noiseCache.grain.width;
+    const tile = gsz * 1.6;
+    for (let gy = 0; gy < h; gy += tile) {
+      for (let gx = 0; gx < w; gx += tile) {
+        ctx.drawImage(noiseCache.grain, gx, gy, tile, tile);
+      }
+    }
+    ctx.restore();
+  }
+  ctx.globalCompositeOperation = 'source-over';
+  ctx.globalAlpha = 1;
+}
+
+/* ---- shock disk ---- */
+function drawShock(c, shock, tx, ty, scale, u, P) {
+  const [r, g, b] = P.ink;
+  const px = tx(shock.x), py = ty(shock.y), R = shock.r * scale;
+
+  // disk body: dark annulus that keeps a lighter, detailed centre
+  const core = c.createRadialGradient(px, py, 0, px, py, R);
+  core.addColorStop(0.0, `rgba(${r},${g},${b},${0.06 * shock.intensity})`);
+  core.addColorStop(0.35, `rgba(${r},${g},${b},${0.18 * shock.intensity})`);
+  core.addColorStop(0.72, `rgba(${r},${g},${b},${0.38 * shock.intensity})`);
+  core.addColorStop(0.94, `rgba(${r},${g},${b},${0.34 * shock.intensity})`);
+  core.addColorStop(1, `rgba(${r},${g},${b},0)`);
+  c.fillStyle = core;
+  c.beginPath(); c.arc(px, py, R, 0, Math.PI * 2); c.fill();
+
+  // radial striations (the sunburst)
+  c.lineCap = 'round';
+  for (const s of shock.striations) {
+    const ix = px + Math.cos(s.a) * s.inner * scale;
+    const iy = py + Math.sin(s.a) * s.inner * scale;
+    const ox = px + Math.cos(s.a) * s.outer * scale;
+    const oy = py + Math.sin(s.a) * s.outer * scale;
+    const mx = (ix + ox) / 2 + Math.cos(s.a + Math.PI / 2) * s.wobble * scale;
+    const my = (iy + oy) / 2 + Math.sin(s.a + Math.PI / 2) * s.wobble * scale;
+    c.strokeStyle = `rgba(${r},${g},${b},${s.opacity})`;
+    c.lineWidth = s.width * u;
+    c.beginPath();
+    c.moveTo(ix, iy);
+    c.quadraticCurveTo(mx, my, ox, oy);
+    c.stroke();
+  }
+
+  // inner pressure-front rings
+  for (const ring of shock.rings) {
+    c.strokeStyle = `rgba(${r},${g},${b},${ring.opacity})`;
+    c.lineWidth = ring.width * u;
+    c.beginPath(); c.arc(px, py, ring.rr * scale, 0, Math.PI * 2); c.stroke();
+  }
+
+  // rim as eroded arc segments
+  if (shock.rimSegs) {
+    for (const seg of shock.rimSegs) {
+      c.strokeStyle = `rgba(${r},${g},${b},${seg.opacity})`;
+      c.lineWidth = seg.width * u;
+      c.beginPath(); c.arc(px, py, shock.r * scale, seg.a0, seg.a1); c.stroke();
+    }
+  }
+
+  // staining blotches: dark = grime, light = lifted/washed clean spots
+  if (shock.stains) {
+    for (const st of shock.stains) {
+      const sr = st.r * scale;
+      const grad = c.createRadialGradient(tx(st.x), ty(st.y), 0, tx(st.x), ty(st.y), sr);
+      if (st.dark) {
+        c.globalCompositeOperation = 'source-over';
+        grad.addColorStop(0, `rgba(${r},${g},${b},${st.opacity})`);
+        grad.addColorStop(1, `rgba(${r},${g},${b},0)`);
+        c.fillStyle = grad;
+      } else {
+        c.globalCompositeOperation = 'destination-out';
+        grad.addColorStop(0, `rgba(0,0,0,${st.opacity * 1.4})`);
+        grad.addColorStop(1, 'rgba(0,0,0,0)');
+        c.fillStyle = grad;
+      }
+      c.beginPath(); c.arc(tx(st.x), ty(st.y), sr, 0, Math.PI * 2); c.fill();
+    }
+    c.globalCompositeOperation = 'source-over';
+  }
+
+  // textured core chords
+  for (const k of shock.core) {
+    c.strokeStyle = `rgba(${r},${g},${b},${k.opacity})`;
+    c.lineWidth = k.width * u;
+    c.beginPath(); c.moveTo(tx(k.x1), ty(k.y1)); c.lineTo(tx(k.x2), ty(k.y2)); c.stroke();
+  }
+
+  // keep a bright, detailed centre by clearing a soft hole in the ink
+  if (shock.bright) {
+    c.save();
+    c.globalCompositeOperation = 'destination-out';
+    const hole = c.createRadialGradient(px, py, 0, px, py, shock.bright * scale);
+    hole.addColorStop(0, 'rgba(0,0,0,0.85)');
+    hole.addColorStop(1, 'rgba(0,0,0,0)');
+    c.fillStyle = hole;
+    c.beginPath(); c.arc(px, py, shock.bright * scale, 0, Math.PI * 2); c.fill();
+    c.restore();
+  }
+}
+
+/* ---- plate damage ---- */
+function drawDamage(ctx, A, tx, ty, scale, u, P, inv) {
+  if (!A) return;
+  const [r, g, b] = P.ink;
+  ctx.save();
+
+  // water rings (faint, under)
+  ctx.globalCompositeOperation = inv ? 'multiply' : 'screen';
+  for (const ring of A.rings) {
+    ctx.strokeStyle = `rgba(${r},${g},${b},${ring.opacity})`;
+    ctx.lineWidth = ring.width * u;
+    ctx.beginPath(); ctx.arc(tx(ring.x), ty(ring.y), ring.r * scale, 0, Math.PI * 2); ctx.stroke();
+  }
+
+  // fingerprints
+  for (const fp of A.fingerprints) {
+    ctx.strokeStyle = `rgba(${r},${g},${b},${fp.opacity})`;
+    ctx.lineWidth = 0.7 * u;
+    for (const lp of fp.loops) {
+      ctx.save();
+      ctx.translate(tx(fp.x), ty(fp.y));
+      ctx.rotate(lp.rot);
+      ctx.scale(1, lp.squash);
+      ctx.beginPath(); ctx.arc(0, 0, lp.rr * scale, 0, Math.PI * 2); ctx.stroke();
+      ctx.restore();
+    }
+  }
+
+  // scratches: dark (multiply) and bright (lift)
+  for (const s of A.scratches) {
+    ctx.globalCompositeOperation = s.bright ? P.lift : (inv ? 'multiply' : 'screen');
+    const col = s.bright ? (inv ? '245,242,232' : '0,0,0') : `${r},${g},${b}`;
+    ctx.strokeStyle = `rgba(${col},${s.opacity})`;
+    ctx.lineWidth = s.width * u;
+    ctx.beginPath(); ctx.moveTo(tx(s.x1), ty(s.y1)); ctx.lineTo(tx(s.x2), ty(s.y2)); ctx.stroke();
+  }
+
+  // hairs
+  ctx.globalCompositeOperation = inv ? 'multiply' : 'screen';
+  for (const hair of A.hairs) {
+    ctx.strokeStyle = `rgba(${r},${g},${b},${hair.opacity})`;
+    ctx.lineWidth = hair.width * u;
+    ctx.beginPath();
+    ctx.moveTo(tx(hair.pts[0].x), ty(hair.pts[0].y));
+    for (let i = 1; i < hair.pts.length; i++) ctx.lineTo(tx(hair.pts[i].x), ty(hair.pts[i].y));
+    ctx.stroke();
+  }
+
+  // dust specks (over)
+  for (const sp of A.specks) {
+    ctx.fillStyle = `rgba(${r},${g},${b},${sp.opacity})`;
+    ctx.beginPath(); ctx.arc(tx(sp.x), ty(sp.y), Math.max(sp.r * scale, 0.4), 0, Math.PI * 2); ctx.fill();
+  }
+  ctx.restore();
+}
+
+/* ---- chamber optics / structural geometry ---- */
+function drawInstrument(ctx, inst, tx, ty, scale, u, P, inv) {
+  const [r, g, b] = P.ink;
+  ctx.save();
+  ctx.globalCompositeOperation = inv ? 'multiply' : 'screen';
+  ctx.lineCap = 'round';
+  ctx.filter = `blur(${(0.4 * u).toFixed(2)}px)`;
+  for (const l of inst.lines) {
+    ctx.strokeStyle = `rgba(${r},${g},${b},${l.opacity})`;
+    ctx.lineWidth = l.width * u;
+    ctx.beginPath(); ctx.moveTo(tx(l.x1), ty(l.y1)); ctx.lineTo(tx(l.x2), ty(l.y2)); ctx.stroke();
+  }
+  for (const a of inst.arcs) {
+    ctx.strokeStyle = `rgba(${r},${g},${b},${a.opacity})`;
+    ctx.lineWidth = a.width * u;
+    ctx.beginPath();
+    ctx.moveTo(tx(a.pts[0].x), ty(a.pts[0].y));
+    for (let i = 1; i < a.pts.length; i++) ctx.lineTo(tx(a.pts[i].x), ty(a.pts[i].y));
+    ctx.stroke();
+  }
+  ctx.restore();
+}
+
+/* ---- archival header (rendered text, baked into the plate) ---- */
+function drawHeader(ctx, w, h, scene, params, u, P) {
+  const [r, g, b] = P.ink;
+  ctx.save();
+  ctx.globalCompositeOperation = params.invert ? 'multiply' : 'screen';
+  ctx.fillStyle = `rgba(${r},${g},${b},0.62)`;
+  const pad = 26 * u;
+  ctx.font = `${11 * u}px 'JetBrains Mono', ui-monospace, monospace`;
+  ctx.textBaseline = 'top';
+  ctx.fillText(scene.lab.toUpperCase(), pad, pad);
+  ctx.font = `${9 * u}px 'JetBrains Mono', ui-monospace, monospace`;
+  ctx.fillStyle = `rgba(${r},${g},${b},0.5)`;
+  ctx.fillText(`SEED ${params.seed}`, pad, pad + 16 * u);
+
+  ctx.textAlign = 'right';
+  ctx.textBaseline = 'bottom';
+  ctx.font = `${10 * u}px 'JetBrains Mono', ui-monospace, monospace`;
+  ctx.fillStyle = `rgba(${r},${g},${b},0.58)`;
+  ctx.fillText(`PLATE ${scene.plate}`, w - pad, h - pad - 13 * u);
+  ctx.fillText(`EXPOSED ${scene.exposure}`, w - pad, h - pad);
+  ctx.restore();
+}
+
+/* ---- fiducials & chamber boundary ---- */
+function drawFiducialsBoundary(ctx, w, h, params, scale, cx, cy, tx, ty, u, P, inv) {
+  const [r, g, b] = P.ink;
+  if (params.showBoundary) {
+    ctx.strokeStyle = `rgba(${r},${g},${b},0.4)`;
+    ctx.lineWidth = 1.4 * u;
+    ctx.beginPath();
+    ctx.arc(cx, cy + h * 0.35, w * 0.45, Math.PI * 0.15, Math.PI - Math.PI * 0.15, false);
+    ctx.stroke();
+  }
+  if (params.showFiducials) {
+    ctx.strokeStyle = `rgba(${r},${g},${b},0.55)`;
+    ctx.lineWidth = 1 * u;
+    const fids = [[-0.85, -0.85], [0.85, -0.85], [-0.85, 0.85], [0.85, 0.85], [0, -0.85], [-0.85, 0], [0.85, 0]];
+    const s = 6 * u;
+    for (const [fx, fy] of fids) {
+      const px = tx(fx), py = ty(fy);
+      ctx.beginPath();
+      ctx.moveTo(px - s, py); ctx.lineTo(px + s, py);
+      ctx.moveTo(px, py - s); ctx.lineTo(px, py + s);
+      ctx.stroke();
+    }
+  }
+}