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# Arnold — Terminator I/O Server
Fast-poll Modbus TCP server for AutomationDirect Terminator I/O systems.
Reads all digital inputs at 20 Hz, exposes a REST API for signal state,
and executes timed output sequences.
## Layout
```
server.py entrypoint — wires everything together
config.yaml edit this to describe your hardware
config_with_outputs.yaml example with input + output modules
runs.log JSON-lines sequence run history (created at runtime)
arnold/
config.py YAML loader, dataclasses, config validation
terminator_io.py Terminator I/O driver: Modbus TCP, signal cache, poll thread
sequencer.py Sequence execution engine
api.py FastAPI REST application
```
Fast-poll Modbus TCP server for AutomationDirect Terminator I/O (T1H-EBC100).
Digital and analog I/O, REST API, timed output sequences, web UI, TUI debugger.
## Quick start
```bash
pip3 install pymodbus fastapi uvicorn pyyaml --break-system-packages
python3 server.py # uses config.yaml, port 8000
python3 server.py --config config_with_outputs.yaml --log-level debug
pip3 install pymodbus fastapi uvicorn pyyaml textual --break-system-packages
# REST API + web UI
python3 server.py --config config_with_outputs.yaml
# TUI debugger (standalone, no API server)
python3 tui.py config_with_outputs.yaml
```
Interactive API docs: `http://<pi-ip>:8000/docs`
Web UI: `http://<host>:8000`
API docs: `http://<host>:8000/docs`
## Web UI
Three-panel layout (mirrors the TUI). Polls I/O at ~20 Hz.
- **Inputs** — live digital (dot indicators) and analog (raw integer) values
- **Outputs** — click to toggle digital; +/- and Write for analog (065535)
- **Sequences** — run button, live step list with progress bar
Responsive: 3-column on desktop, stacked on tablet/phone.
## TUI
Terminal debugger with the same three panels.
| Key | Action |
|-----|--------|
| Tab | Cycle focus: Outputs / Sequences |
| Space/Enter | Toggle digital output / Run sequence |
| +/- | Adjust analog output (step 100) |
| Enter | Commit analog value |
| 0 / 1 | All digital outputs OFF / ON |
| r | Reconnect all devices |
| q | Quit |
## API
| Method | Path | Description |
|--------|------|-------------|
| GET | `/status` | Device comms health, poll rates, active sequence |
| GET | `/io` | All signal states (name → value/stale/updated_at) |
| GET | `/io/{signal}` | Single signal with device/slot/point/modbus_address |
| GET | `/sequences` | List sequences from config |
| GET | `/sequences/{name}` | Sequence detail with step list |
| POST | `/sequences/{name}/run` | Start a sequence → `{run_id}` (409 if one is running) |
| GET | `/runs/{run_id}` | Run result: pending/running/success/failed/error |
| GET | `/runs` | Recent run history (most recent first, `?limit=N`) |
| GET | `/status` | Device health, poll rates, active run |
| GET | `/io` | All signal states |
| GET | `/io/{signal}` | Single signal + metadata (category, value_type, modbus_space) |
| POST | `/io/{signal}/write` | Write output: `{"value": true}` or `{"value": 4000}` |
| GET | `/config/signals` | Full signal config list (for UI bootstrap) |
| GET | `/sequences` | List sequences |
| GET | `/sequences/{name}` | Sequence detail with steps |
| POST | `/sequences/{name}/run` | Start sequence (202), 409 if busy |
| GET | `/runs/{run_id}` | Run result |
| GET | `/runs` | Recent run history |
## Config file
## Config
```yaml
devices:
- id: ebc100_main
host: 192.168.3.202
port: 502 # default Modbus TCP port
unit_id: 1 # EBC100 responds to any unit ID over TCP; use 1
port: 502
unit_id: 1
poll_interval_ms: 50
modules:
- slot: 1
type: T1H-08TDS # 8-pt 24VDC sinking input
points: 8
- slot: 3
type: T1K-16TD2-1 # 16-pt sourcing output
points: 16
- { slot: 1, type: T1H-08TDS } # 8-pt digital input
- { slot: 2, type: T1H-08AD-1 } # 8-ch analog input (12-bit)
- { slot: 3, type: T1K-16TD2-1 } # 16-pt digital output
- { slot: 4, type: T1H-04DA-1 } # 4-ch analog output (12-bit)
logical_io:
- name: sensor_a
device: ebc100_main
slot: 1
point: 1
direction: input
- name: valve_1
device: ebc100_main
slot: 3
point: 1
direction: output
- { name: sensor_a, device: ebc100_main, slot: 1, point: 1, direction: input }
- { name: pressure, device: ebc100_main, slot: 2, point: 1, direction: input }
- { name: valve_1, device: ebc100_main, slot: 3, point: 1, direction: output, default_state: false }
- { name: dac_ch1, device: ebc100_main, slot: 4, point: 1, direction: output, default_value: 2048 }
sequences:
- name: actuate
description: "Open valve, verify sensor, close valve"
description: "Open valve, set DAC, verify sensor"
steps:
- { t_ms: 0, action: set_output, signal: valve_1, state: true }
- { t_ms: 100, action: set_output, signal: dac_ch1, value: 4000 }
- { t_ms: 500, action: check_input, signal: sensor_a, expected: true }
- { t_ms: 600, action: check_input, signal: pressure, expected_value: 2000, tolerance: 100 }
- { t_ms: 1000, action: set_output, signal: valve_1, state: false }
```
**Timing:** `t_ms` is absolute from sequence T=0 (not relative delays).
Steps are sorted by `t_ms` at load time; order in the file doesn't matter.
Multiple steps with the same `t_ms` execute in file order.
`t_ms` is absolute from T=0 (not relative). Steps auto-sort by `t_ms`.
Failed `check_input` aborts immediately — remaining steps are skipped.
`wait_input` blocks until condition met or `timeout_ms` expires.
**Failure:** a failed `check_input` aborts the sequence immediately.
Remaining steps — including output resets — are skipped.
Add an explicit reset sequence (`all_outputs_off`) and call it after a failure.
## Supported modules (44 types)
## Supported module types
| Category | Examples | Address space |
|----------|----------|---------------|
| Digital input | T1H-08TDS, T1H-16ND3, T1K-08ND3, ... | coil (FC02) |
| Digital output | T1H-08TD1, T1K-16TD2-1, T1H-08TA, ... | coil (FC05/FC15) |
| Relay output | T1H-08TRS, T1H-16TRS2, T1K-08TRS | coil (FC05/FC15) |
| Analog input | T1H-08AD-1 (12-bit), T1H-16AD-2 (15-bit), ... | register (FC04) |
| Analog output | T1H-04DA-1 (12-bit), T1H-08DA-2 (15-bit), ... | register (FC06/FC16) |
| Temperature input | T1H-08THM, T1H-04RTD, T1K-08THM, T1K-04RTD | register (FC04) |
| Type | Direction | Points |
|------|-----------|--------|
| T1H-08TDS, T1K-08TDS | input | 8 |
| T1H-08ND3, T1K-08ND3 | input | 8 |
| T1H-16ND3, T1K-16ND3 | input | 16 |
| T1H-08NA, T1K-08NA | input | 8 |
| T1H-08TD1, T1K-08TD1 | output | 8 |
| T1H-08TD2, T1K-08TD2 | output | 8 |
| T1H-16TD1, T1K-16TD1 | output | 16 |
| T1H-16TD2, T1K-16TD2, T1K-16TD2-1 | output | 16 |
| T1H-08TA, T1K-08TA | output | 8 |
| T1H-08TRS, T1K-08TRS | output | 8 |
Full registry in `arnold/module_types.py`.
## T1H-EBC100 hardware quirks
---
### Unified coil address space
## Architecture
The EBC100 maps **all modules — inputs and outputs — into a single flat
address space** ordered by physical slot number. There is no separate
"input base address" and "output base address".
```
server.py Entrypoint: config load, poll start, default writes, uvicorn
tui.py Textual TUI debugger (standalone, no API server)
probe_terminator.py Standalone Modbus probe script (not part of package)
Example: slot 1 = 8-pt input, slot 2 = 8-pt input, slot 3 = 16-pt output:
config.yaml Input-only hardware config
config_with_outputs.yaml Input + output hardware config
runs.log JSON-lines run history (created at runtime)
| Slot | Module | Points | Coil addresses |
|------|--------|--------|----------------|
| 1 | T1H-08TDS (input) | 8 | 07 |
| 2 | T1H-08TDS (input) | 8 | 815 |
| 3 | T1K-16TD2-1 (output) | 16 | **1631** |
arnold/
__init__.py
module_types.py ModuleType frozen dataclass + 44-module registry
config.py YAML loader, validation, dual address space computation
terminator_io.py Modbus TCP driver, signal cache, dual-space poll thread
sequencer.py Sequence engine: timing, digital+analog set/check/wait
api.py FastAPI app: REST endpoints, static file mount for web UI
FC05/FC15 output writes must use these unified addresses.
The config loader computes `modbus_address` for every module and signal
automatically — you never write raw addresses in YAML.
web/
index.html Single-page app shell
style.css Dark theme, responsive (desktop/tablet/phone)
app.js Vanilla JS: polling, output control, sequence runner
```
### FC02 input reads start at address 0
### Data flow
FC02 (read discrete inputs) returns only input bits, starting at bit index 0,
regardless of where inputs sit in the unified space. The poll thread reads
`total_input_points` bits from FC02 address 0. Because `modbus_address` for
input signals equals their FC02 bit index (inputs occupy the lowest slots in
practice), no remapping is needed.
```
YAML config ──► config.py ──► module_types.py (resolve part numbers)
terminator_io.py
┌─ TerminatorIO (Modbus TCP client per device)
│ FC02 read discrete inputs (digital)
│ FC04 read input registers (analog)
│ FC05/FC06 write single coil/register
│ FC15/FC16 write multiple coils/registers
└─ _PollThread (daemon, reads FC02+FC04 each cycle)
└─ IORegistry (multi-device coordinator, signal cache)
┌────────┼────────┐
▼ ▼ ▼
api.py sequencer tui.py / web UI
```
### No exception on out-of-range addresses
### Dual address spaces
The EBC100 returns zeros for any FC02 read address beyond the installed
modules — it never raises Modbus exception code 2 (illegal data address).
Module presence **cannot** be auto-detected from protocol errors.
The `modules` list in the config is authoritative.
The EBC100 has two independent flat address spaces:
### FC05 write echo
- **Coil space** (1-bit) — digital modules. FC01/FC02/FC05/FC15. Sequential by slot.
- **Register space** (16-bit) — analog/temperature modules. FC03/FC04/FC06/FC16. Sequential by slot.
`write_coil` (FC05) echoes back `True` for any address, even unmapped ones.
There is no error feedback for writes to non-existent output points.
Config validation at startup prevents invalid addresses from being used.
A digital module advances only `coil_offset`. An analog module advances only `register_offset`. They do not interfere. `config.py` computes all addresses at load time.
### Unit ID is ignored
### EBC100 quirks
The EBC100 accepts and echoes back any Modbus unit/slave ID over TCP.
Set `unit_id: 1` in the config (standard default).
### No unsolicited push
Modbus TCP is a strictly polled protocol; the EBC100 has no push capability.
The server polls at `poll_interval_ms` (default 50 ms = 20 Hz).
At 24 input points a single FC02 read takes ~1 ms on a local network.
### Web interface
The EBC100 hosts a minimal HTTP server on port 80 (firmware by Host Engineering).
It exposes IP/subnet/gateway config and serial port mode only — no I/O data.
Port 443, 503, and 8080 are closed. UDP port 502 is not active.
- Returns zeros for out-of-range reads (no Modbus exception code 2)
- FC05 echoes True for any address, even unmapped — no write error feedback
- Responds to any unit ID (echoed, not routed). Use `unit_id: 1`
- No unsolicited push — polling mandatory
- UDP 502 inactive; ports 443, 503, 8080 closed